Abstract: The present application relates to branched alkanes comprising n carbon atoms, n being an integer between 9 and 50, to the process for preparing same and to uses thereof. The present application also relates to the olefins for obtaining these branched alkanes.

Abstract: The present application relates to a compound of the following formula (I) in which —R1, R2, R3 and R4 represent independently of each other H or a (C1-C30) alkyl group, the total sum of the number of carbon atoms of R1, R2, R3 and R4 being equal to 6+4x, x being a whole number of between 1 and 6, provided that: at most two of the groups R1, R2, R3 and R4 are H, R5 represents H, OR, or NR?R? R, R? and R?, identical or different, represent H, a (C1-C10) alkyl group, at least one of groups R1, R2, R3 or R4 comprises or is a tertiobutyl group. (I) the method for preparing same and the uses thereof as a plasticising lubricant, surfactant or in a cosmetic composition.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of halide compounds, preferably aryl halides, by contacting a gaseous mixture of hydrohalic acid and a compound selected from an aryl halogen formate, an aryl carbonate and equivalents thereof with a Lewis acid catalyst.

Abstract: The hydroxybenzoic acids, e.g., salicylic acid and parahydroxybenzoic acid, are esterified by reacting same with a halocarbon, advantageously a halogenated derivative of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, cyclo- or arylaliphatic hydrocarbon, in essentially homogeneous liquid phase and in the presence of a nonquaternizable tertiary amine.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a secondary or tertiary dialkyl dicarbonate. An alkali metal salt of an alkyl pyrocarbonate is contacted with (CO).sub.n X.sub.2 wherein X is defined as a leaving group and n is an integer from 1 to 2, in the presence of a complexing agent.

Abstract: N-phenylbenzoquinone-imine is prepared by oxidizing N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)aniline in a liquid, at least partially organic reaction medium, in the presence of a basic compound and, advantageously, a catalytically effective amount of at least one manganese, copper, cobalt and/or nickel compound; this imine can be reacted with an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amine to produce an N-phenyl-N'-cycloalkyl-para-phenylene-diamine and an N-phenyl-N'-cycloalkyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diimine, such 1,4-diimine itself being easily reduced to the corresponding p-phenylenediamine.

Abstract: A hydroquinone monocarboxylate, e.g., hydroquinone monoacetate, is facilely prepared by disproportionating/reacting a stoichiometric excess of a hydroquinone dicarboxylate, e.g., hydroquinone diacetate, with hydroquinone, optionally in the presence of a strong acid/transesterification catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N-monoallyl-meta-trifluoromethyl aniline, by condensing meta-bromo-trifluoromethyl benzene with allylamine in the presence of a nickel (II) catalyst.

Abstract: Nitrophenols, in an isomer ratio para-nitrophenol/ortho-nitrophenol of at least 55/45, are continuously and directly prepared in steady state, by (a) establishing, in a confined reaction zone, an aqueous reaction solution including from 5% to 40% by weight of nitric acid, from 5% to 40% by weight of nitrous acid relative thereto, and an amount of nitrophenols within the limits of the solubility thereof in such reaction solution, (b) continuously introducing and reacting phenol and nitric acid into and with such reaction solution, at a rate of about 0.5 to 2.0 moles of nitric acid per mole of phenol, (c) maintaining the temperature in such confined reaction zone at a value ranging from about 10.degree. to about 40.degree. C. during such reaction, and (d) continuously withdrawing from such confined reaction zone admixture of para-nitrophenol and ortho-nitrophenol, in an isomer ratio para-nitrophenol/ortho-nitrophenol of at least 55/45.

Abstract: The polychlorophenols, e.g., 2,6-dichlorophenol (a known agrochemical intermediate), are effectively prepared by chlorinating ortho-chlorophenol with gaseous chlorine, optionally in the presence of other chlorophenols, characteristically in the molten state, and in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a primary, secondary or tertiary amine.

Abstract: The ortho-substituted phenols, e.g., 2,6-dichlorophenol, are reacted with gaseous chlorine, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a strong or Lewis acid, to produce, e.g., a more pure 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in good yield.

Abstract: Phenolic compounds and mixtures thereof, e.g., admixture of 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,6-dichlorophenol, are selectively chlorinated at a position ortho to a hydroxyl function thereof, by reacting such phenolic compound with gaseous chlorine, in a molten reaction medium, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a primary, secondary or tertiary amine.

Abstract: Mixtures produced by chlorination of phenol/chlorophenols are effectively stabilized by stirring same in the presence of a stabilizing amount of at least one reducing compound that is a chlorine acceptor.

Abstract: Process for preparing alkyl alkoxyalkylidenemalonate. An alkyl malonate is condensed with an orthoester in the presence of a carboxylic acid or its anhydride and a metal compound of the group formed by Cd, Hg, Bi, Mg.

Abstract: Mixtures produced by chlorination of phenol/chlorophenols are effectively stabilized by stirring same in the presence of a stabilizing amount of at least one strong protonic acid and/or a Lewis acid.

Abstract: Process for the heat stabilization of alkyl alkoxyalkylidenemalonates in the presence of Lewis acids, such as metal catalytic compounds employed as catalysts during the preparation of the alkyl alkoxyalkylidenemalonates by condensation of a suitable malonate with a suitable ortho ester. The condensation reaction mixture is heated in the presence of a stabilizing compound selected from the group consisting of 8-hydroxyquinolines and organic acid phosphates in an amount sufficient to stabilize the alkyl alkoxyalkylidenemalonates against thermal decomposition.

Abstract: Monohalohydroquinone monocarboxylates are selectively prepared by halogenating a hydroquinone monocarboxylate, or admixture thereof with a hydroquinine dicarboxylate and a minor amount of hydroquinone, with a chlorine, bromine or sulfuryl halide halogenating agent; such monocarboxylates are facilely converted into the corresponding dicarboxylates by acylation. Both the monocarboxylates, e.g., monochlorohydroquinone monoacetate, and dicarboxylates, e.g., monochlorohydroquinone diacetate, are useful organic intermediates.

Abstract: Substituted phenols are nitrated by contacting same with a 10 to 70% by weight concentrated aqueous solution of nitric acid. The subject nitration process is well adopted for the preparation, e.g., of 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol, a valuable intermediate in the production of various agrochemicals/pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Hydroquinone is selectively nascently chlorinated to monochlorohydroquinone, by reacting same with an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide, in the presence of an organic solvent for, and inert to, said hydroquinone.

Abstract: Substituted bromobenzaldehydes, e.g., 5-bromovanillin, are facilely prepared with overall avoidance of HBr by-product, by (i) first brominating the corresponding benzaldehyde with a less than stoichiometric amount of bromine, and (ii) completing said bromination reaction with a brominating couple which comprises (1) the hydrobromic acid generated in situ in the step (i) and (2) a bromide ion oxidizer.