Abstract: An X-by-wire control system of a motor vehicle for the control of a main function of the motor vehicle and a secondary function of the motor vehicle which is rated lower by the safety standard to be met in comparison with the main function. The main function can be carried out via a main function assembly of the motor vehicle and the secondary function can be carried out via a secondary function assembly of the motor vehicle, which is spatially separated from the main function assembly. At least one sensor of the secondary function assembly is functionally assigned to the main function. This at least one sensor of the secondary function assembly assigned to the main function on the one hand is only in power supply connection with the main function assembly for supplying operating energy to this sensor and on the other hand in signal exchange connection.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle having a first control unit for controlling a first function of the motor vehicle, a second control unit for controlling a second function of the motor vehicle and a backup control unit. At least the first or the second control unit is connected in a signal-transmitting manner with the backup control unit. In order to ensure the proper execution of functions of a motor vehicle controlled by the control units with the least possible additional overhead, even with a faulty control unit, the backup control unit is configurable in response to the input of an error signal from the first or the second control unit such that the function of the motor vehicle corresponding to the faulty control unit is be controlled via the backup control unit.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle having a first control unit and having a first power electronics unit connected in a signal-transmitting manner to the first control unit for supplying power to a first actuator in normal operation of the control system. In order to ensure proper operation of a control system for a motor vehicle, even in the event of a fault, the control system has a backup control unit and a backup power electronics unit connected in a signal-transmitting manner to the backup control unit for supplying power to the first actuator in a first backup operation of the control system. The backup control unit is connected to the first control unit in a signal-transmitting manner. The control system is transferred from normal operation to the first backup operation as a function of the arrival in the backup control unit of a fault signal.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle, having a first control device for controlling a first function of the motor vehicle and a second control device for controlling a second function of the motor vehicle. The first and second control devices are each in a signal transmission connection with at least one sensor and/or at least one actuator. To ensure the proper execution of functions of a motor vehicle controlled by control devices even with a faulty control device with the least possible effort, it is provided that in dependence on the receipt of an error signal from the first control device or the second control device, the respective error-free control device is configured such that the function of the motor vehicle that corresponds to the faulty control device is controlled by the error-free control device.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle having a first control unit for controlling a first function of the motor vehicle and a second control unit for controlling a second function of the motor vehicle. In order to ensure, with the least possible additional complexity, that functions of a motor vehicle that are controlled by means of control units are properly executed even in the event of a faulty control unit, the control system has a third control unit for controlling the first function and the second function of the motor vehicle and, depending on the receipt of a fault signal of the first and/or second control unit by the third control unit, the third control unit can be configured such that the motor vehicle first and/or second function corresponding to the faulty control unit can be controlled by means of the third control unit alone.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle, including a first control unit for controlling a first function of the motor vehicle, a second control unit for controlling a second function of the motor vehicle and a backup control unit. To ensure the proper execution of functions controlled of a motor vehicle controlled with the aid of control units even in the case of a defective control unit with preferably little additional effort, the backup control unit is configurable depending on the input of an error signal of the first or second control unit such that an actuator corresponding to the defective control unit is controllable with the aid of the backup control unit. A first backup power electronic module is assigned to the first actuator, and a second backup power electronic module is assigned to the second actuator.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle having a first control unit and having a first power electronics unit connected in a signal-transmitting manner to the first control unit for supplying power to a first actuator in normal operation of the control system. In order to ensure proper operation of a control system for a motor vehicle, even in the event of a fault, the control system has a backup control unit and a backup power electronics unit connected in a signal-transmitting manner to the backup control unit for supplying power to the first actuator in a first backup operation of the control system. The backup control unit is connected to the first control unit in a signal-transmitting manner. The control system is transferred from normal operation to the first backup operation as a function of the arrival in the backup control unit of a fault signal.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle, including a first control unit for controlling a first function of the motor vehicle, a second control unit for controlling a second function of the motor vehicle and a backup control unit. To ensure the proper execution of functions controlled of a motor vehicle controlled with the aid of control units even in the case of a defective control unit with preferably little additional effort, the backup control unit is configurable depending on the input of an error signal of the first or second control unit such that an actuator corresponding to the defective control unit is controllable with the aid of the backup control unit. A first backup power electronic module is assigned to the first actuator, and a second backup power electronic module is assigned to the second actuator.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle having a first control unit for controlling a first function of the motor vehicle and a second control unit for controlling a second function of the motor vehicle. In order to ensure, with the least possible additional complexity, that functions of a motor vehicle that are controlled by means of control units are properly executed even in the event of a faulty control unit, the control system has a third control unit for controlling the first function and the second function of the motor vehicle and, depending on the receipt of a fault signal of the first and/or second control unit by the third control unit, the third control unit can be configured such that the motor vehicle first and/or second function corresponding to the faulty control unit can be controlled by means of the third control unit alone.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle, having a first control device for controlling a first function of the motor vehicle and a second control device for controlling a second function of the motor vehicle. The first and second control devices are each in a signal transmission connection with at least one sensor and/or at least one actuator. To ensure the proper execution of functions of a motor vehicle controlled by control devices even with a faulty control device with the least possible effort, it is provided that in dependence on the receipt of an error signal from the first control device or the second control device, the respective error-free control device is configured such that the function of the motor vehicle that corresponds to the faulty control device is controlled by the error-free control device.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle having a first control unit for controlling a first function of the motor vehicle, a second control unit for controlling a second function of the motor vehicle and a backup control unit. At least the first or the second control unit is connected in a signal-transmitting manner with the backup control unit. In order to ensure the proper execution of functions of a motor vehicle controlled by the control units with the least possible additional overhead, even with a faulty control unit, the backup control unit is configurable in response to the input of an error signal from the first or the second control unit such that the function of the motor vehicle corresponding to the faulty control unit is be controlled via the backup control unit.

Abstract: A method of switching seamlessly at a receiving end is provided for converting a lower quality digital signal to a higher quality digital signal by initiating a real-time sound reconstruction and restoration process on the lower quality signal. The conversion occurs without interruption of the signal and without re-opening a connection to the signal provider.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to convert kinetic energy of water flow to electrical power. The apparatus includes an axial turbine that is designed to be submerged under a water surface and a shaft that extends from the axial turbine. The shaft is designed to extend above the water surface and provide buoyancy. The apparatus may be designed such that a waterline area of the apparatus is less than a predetermined multiplier times the displacement of the apparatus divided by the length of a wave having a low probability of occurring. In a particular case, the predetermined multiplier may be approximately five and the wave having a low probability may be a characteristic wave of approximately 3% probability. A plurality of such apparatuses may be arranged in a plurality of rows defining a system, such that an upstream apparatus does not overlap a downstream apparatus in projection to a plane transverse to the water flow.