Abstract: There is provided a system and method of examination of semiconductor specimens. The method includes generating a sequence of anomaly scores corresponding to a sequence of specimens sequentially fabricated and examined during a fabrication process, comprising, for each given specimen: obtaining an image of the given specimen acquired by an examination tool; using a machine learning (ML) model to process the image and obtaining an anomaly map indicative of pattern variation in the image; and deriving, based on the anomaly map, an anomaly score indicative of level of pattern variation presented in the given specimen, wherein the anomaly score is correlated with a defectivity score related to defect detection in a correlation relationship, and has higher detection sensitivity than the defectivity score; and analyzing the sequence of anomaly scores to monitor on-going process stability, thereby providing defect related prediction along the fabrication process based on the correlation relationship.

Abstract: There is provided a system and method of defect examination on a semiconductor specimen. The method comprises obtaining a runtime image of the semiconductor specimen; generating a reference image based on the runtime image using a machine learning (ML) model; and performing defect examination on the runtime image using the generated reference image. The ML model is previously trained alternately between two training modes using a training set: a stochastic mode where the ML model is configured to generate a predicted reference image with a stochastic pattern variation (PV) from a PV distribution, and a deterministic mode where the ML model is configured to generate a predicted reference image with a predetermined PV selected from the PV distribution, the PV distribution being learnt by the ML model based on PVs observed across the training set.

Abstract: There is provided a system and method of examination of semiconductor specimens. The method includes generating a sequence of anomaly scores corresponding to a sequence of specimens sequentially fabricated and examined during a fabrication process, comprising, for each given specimen: obtaining an image of the given specimen acquired by an examination tool; using a machine learning (ML) model to process the image and obtaining an anomaly map indicative of pattern variation in the image; and deriving, based on the anomaly map, an anomaly score indicative of level of pattern variation presented in the given specimen, wherein the anomaly score is correlated with a defectivity score related to defect detection in a correlation relationship, and has higher detection sensitivity than the defectivity score; and analyzing the sequence of anomaly scores to monitor on-going process stability, thereby providing defect related prediction along the fabrication process based on the correlation relationship.