Abstract: A method to form images of internal parts of objects that are of such a nature that images are smeared out due to scattering. The method consists in using isolated beams of radiation along specific, chosen directions, then separating radiation that have not suffered scattering events, from the radiation that have suffered scattering events. The directions may be fixed either by having a multiplicity of radiation emitters along several directions or by moving one or more radiation emitter, or a combination of these. Collimators may also be used to select the direction of radiation propagation. The invention also discloses transparent windows pressed against the object, which serves to keep the incident radiation along a known direction. The radiation that suffered scattering may be also used to make a separate images of the internal parts of the object.

Abstract: A method to form images of internal parts of objects that are of such a nature that images are smeared out due to scattering. The method consists in using scanning beams of radiation, then separating radiation that have not suffered scattering events, from the radiation that have suffered scattering events. The separation between these is made using collimators, which selectively allow only radiation that propagates along the initial propagation direction. The invention also discloses a transparent window pressed against the object, which serves to keep the incident radiation along a known direction. The radiation that suffered scattering may be also used to make a separate image of the internal parts of the object.

Abstract: We disclose the use of passive, or field-shaping electrodes, below the surface of the supporting structure of a cochlear implant. The location of the field-shaping electrodes below the surface of the supporting structure, allows for the use of the field-shaping electrodes to exist in the structure without decreasing the available space for the active, stimulating electrodes at the surface. The field-shaping electrodes are to direct the electric currents injected by the stimulating (active) electrodes onto the one-and-only-one neuron that is expected, by the brain, to receive vibrations from one-and-only-one frequency. The objective of the field-shaping electrodes is to prevent, or, at least to decrease, the leaking of the stimulating current from any stimulating active electrode onto any neuron other than the neuron that is directly in front of the electrode in question, which is the only neuron that is expected to receive excitation for that frequency associated with each electrode.

Abstract: A device and means to decrease the pain associated with colonoscopy and similar procedures to examine the oesophagus, the stomach, etc. The device uses electrical currents of both positive and negative polarity, or alternating current. The improvement described can be incorporated into existing bodies of existing devices. Application on colonoscopy screenings and intestine polyp collection and other types of biopsies.

Abstract: We disclose an improvement for oximeters, which makes oximeters more reliable when making measurements on patients of darker skin complexion. The device of our invention discloses a re-entrant cavity, inside which some of the tissues of the patient are forced into, by pressing the device of our invention against the skin of the patient. The probing electromagnetic radiation beams (typically deep red and infra-red radiation) are directed to propagate through said re-entrant cavity, inside which some of the outer tissues of the patient are forced, along a path that is approximately parallel to, and just under, the skin of the patient. This probed volume inside said re-entrant cavity contains more arterial and less venous blood, when compared with measurements made by perpendicular beams, that penetrate deep under the skin, which causes that the measurements made by our device are more accurate than many existing oximeters.

Abstract: A device for decreasing the pain associated with biopsies for cancer determination. The device includes electrical stimulation and injection of anesthetics.

Abstract: A device and means to decrease the pain associated with cancer biopsies procedures The device uses anesthetic injections and electrical currents of both positive or negative polarity, or alternating current. The device can be incorporated into existing biopsiy devices. Application on breast cancer biopsies and other types of biopsies.

Abstract: A device and a means to measure the periodic change in blood supply volume, from which the heart rate can be inferred. The device is useful for equipment intended to track the physical activity of animals, including humans, particularly if they are engaging in some sort of physical activity designed to improve the physical performance of the animal. One possible application is to improve the accuracy of the fitbit devices used by dark skinned humans.

Abstract: A method to form images of internal parts of objects that are of such a nature that images are smeared out due to scattering. The method consists in using scanning beams of radiation, then separating radiation that have not suffered scattering events, from the radiation that have suffered scattering events. The separation between these is made using collimators, which selectively allow only radiation that propagates along the initial propagation direction. The invention also discloses a transparent window pressed against the object, which serves to keep the incident radiation along a known direction. The radiation that suffered scattering may be also used to make a separate image of the internal parts of the object.

Abstract: A device to measure with infrared radiation, then make a projection picture of, blood concentration inside the body of animals. Blood concentration in cancer masses increases, when compared to adjoining tissues, as flesh and bones, also with a disorganized capillary distribution. The device disclosed in this invention makes two types of images, a first image, which we call transmitted image, with infrared radiation that suffered no scattering as it propagates through the body or part of the body, and a second image, which we call scattered image, with radiation that suffered one or more scattering events, as it propagates through the body. Finally, a third image can be made from a combination of the first and second image after a suitable mathematical manipulation of the first and/or second images. Each of the three images may be used as an indication of cancer.

Abstract: A device and means to decrease the pain associated with cancer biopsies procedures The device uses anesthetic injections and electrical currents of both positive or negative polarity, or alternating current. The device can be incorporated into existing biopsiy devices. Application on breast cancer biopsies and other types of biopsies.

Abstract: An electric stimulator for heart (as in heart pacemakers), brain (as in DBS), organs and general cells, with electrodes in the space surrounding the main stimulating electrodes. These surrounding electrodes are more effective at creating the best electric field to guide the stimulating electric charges necessary for the purpose of the device. The surrounding electrodes are supported on a second supporting device, while the main electrodes are in a first supporting device we call picafina.

Abstract: A device and a means to measure the periodic change in blood supply volume, from which the heart rate can be inferred. The device is useful for equipment intended to track the physical activity of animals, including humans, particularly if they are engaging in some sort of physical activity designed to improve the physical performance of the animal. One possible application is to improve the accuracy of the fitbit devices used by dark skinned humans.

Abstract: A device and means to decrease the pain associated with dental procedures as from dental drills, the probing scratching tool to detect cavities, the needle to inject anesthesia, the tool to extract nerve for root canal treatment, etc. The device uses electrical currents of both positive and negative polarity or alternating current.

Abstract: A device to measure with infrared radiation, then make a projection picture of, blood concentration inside the body of animals. Blood concentration in cancer masses increases, when compared to adjoining tissues, as flesh and bones, also with a disorganized capillary distribution. The device disclosed in this invention makes two types of images, a first image, which we call transmitted image, with infrared radiation that suffered no scattering as it propagates through the body or part of the body, and a second image, which we call scattered image, with radiation that suffered one or more scattering events, as it propagates through the body. Finally, a third image can be made from a combination of the first and second image after a suitable mathematical manipulation of the first and/or second images. Each of the three images may be used as an indication of cancer.

Abstract: A device and means to decrease the pain associated with dental procedures as from dental drills, the probing scratching tool to detect cavities, the needle to inject anesthesia, the tool to extract nerve for root canal treatment, etc. The device uses electrical currents of both positive and negative polarity or alternating current.

Abstract: An electric stimulator for heart (as in heart pacemakers), brain (as in DBS), organs and general cells, with electrodes in the space surrounding the main stimulating electrodes. These surrounding electrodes are more effective at creating the best electric field to guide the stimulating electric charges necessary for the purpose of the device. The surrounding electrodes are supported on a second supporting device, while the main electrodes are in a first supporting device we call picafina.

Abstract: An electric stimulator for heart (as in heart pacemakers), brain (as in DBS), organs and general cells, with a supporting structure where there exists a plurality of electrically isolated electrodes called passive electrodes or field-shaping electrodes that are located under the surface of the supporting structure. The passive electrodes are controlled by an appropriate electronics control unit and powered by some electric energy storage, as a battery. Passive or field-shaping electrodes are electrically insulated, being unable to inject current in the surrounding medium, but they are capable of shaping the electric field in the space surrounding the electrodes, which has consequence on the path of the stimulating currents injected by other devices or by the organism itself. The invention also discloses locating the passive electrodes on surfaces that surround the desired target volume.

Abstract: An electric stimulator for heart (as in heart pacemakers), brain (as in DBS), organs and general cells, with a supporting structure where there exists a plurality of electrically isolated electrodes called passive electrodes or field-shaping electrodes that are located under the surface of the supporting structure. The passive electrodes are controlled by an appropriate electronics control unit and powered by some electric energy storage, as a battery. Passive or field-shaping electrodes are electrically insulated, being unable to inject current in the surrounding medium, but they are capable of shaping the electric field in the space surrounding the electrodes, which has consequence on the path of the stimulating currents injected by other devices or by the organism itself. The invention also discloses locating the passive electrodes at different depths from the surface of the supporting structure.

Abstract: An electric stimulator for brain, heart, skin and internal organs in animals and plants where the electrodes are distributed on a supporting structure. The supporting structure may be adapted for brain, heart, skin or other internal organs and for muscles. The invention discloses a plurality of electrodes at the surface of the supporting structure, from which electrically stimulating currents can be injected into the target. Turning off an electrode while turning on another electrode has the effect of moving the stimulation within the body of the organism from one point to another point. We call this electrode shifting. Rotational and translational electrode shifting are possible. The invention also discloses random changes of the electrode shifting, and random changes of the stimulation time and of the stimulation duration. The invention also discloses electrical stimulation closer to the target area than current electrical stimulation.