Abstract: In a method for producing a replication master (10) having a surface with low roughness, comprising the steps of forming said master (10) such as to have a desired external surface shape corresponding to a counterform of a surface of an object (18, 20) to be produced by replication and treating said external surface of said master (10) to obtain a predetermined surface roughness value, it is proposed that said method furthermore comprises the step of coating at least a part of said master (10) with a soluble smoothening layer (16). The invention further relates to a replication master (10) for producing a smooth object (18, 20) having a low surface roughness, wherein at least a part of said master (10) is coated with a soluble smoothening layer (16).

Abstract: The invention relates to X-ray analytical instruments (RX), more precisely a device for providing a high energy X-ray beam, typically above 4 keV, for X-ray analysis applications. The device comprises an X-ray tube with a turning anode and an X-ray lens for shaping the beam.

Abstract: The invention relates to X-ray analytical instruments (RX), more precisely a device for providing a high energy X-ray beam, typically above 4 keV, for X-ray analysis applications. The device comprises an X-ray tube with a turning anode and an X-ray lens for shaping the beam.

Abstract: An abrasive article includes a fabric comprising a front face and a back face. The front face is formed of first knitted yarns. Each yarn of the first knitted yarns includes a plurality of filaments. A plurality of threads intertwines with the first knitted yarns and extending between the front face and the back face. The plurality of threads defines a hollow space between the front face and the back face. The abrasive article also includes abrasive grains adhered to the front face of the fabric.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dual Ion Beam Sputtering method for depositing onto a substrate (S) material generated by the sputtering of a target (121-123) by a sputtering ion beam (110), said method comprising the operation of an assistance ion beam (130) directed onto said substrate in order to assist the deposition of material, said method being characterized in that during the operation of said assistance beam said sputtering beam is also operated in association with said assistance beam, and during said operation of the sputtering beam in association with the assistance beam the sputtering beam crosses a desired part of the assistance beam in order to transport contaminants associated to said desired part of the assistance beam away from said substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical device intended to treat an incident X-ray beam. The optical device comprises a monochromator and an optical element for conditioning the incident beam. The reflective surface of the optical element is able to produce a two-dimensional optical effect in order to adapt a beam in destination of the monochromator. The reflective surface of the optical element comprises a multilayer structure type surface that is reflective to X-rays. In particular, the reflective surface consists of a single surface shaped according to two curvatures corresponding to two different directions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical assembly with a laterally graded reflective multilayer whose reflecting surface reflects incident X-rays under low incidence angles to produce a two-dimensional optical effect. The reflecting surface comprises a single surface conformed along two curvatures corresponding to two different directions. The invention also relates to a manufacturing method of such an optical assembly. The method includes coating a substrate already having a curvature. The invention also relates to a device for generating and conditioning X-rays for applications for angle-dispersive X-ray reflectometry. The device includes the optical assembly connected to an X-ray source so that X-rays emitted by the source are conditioned along two dimensions so as to adapt the beam emitted by the source to the sample, with the X-rays having different angles of incidence on the sample under consideration.

Abstract: In a method for producing a replication master (10) having a surface with low roughness, comprising the steps of forming said master (10) such as to have a desired external surface shape corresponding to a counterform of a surface of an object (18, 20) to be produced by replication and treating said external surface of said master (10) to obtain a predetermined surface roughness value, it is proposed that said method furthermore comprises the step of coating at least a part of said master (10) with a soluble smoothening layer (16). The invention further relates to a replication master (10) for producing a smooth object (18, 20) having a low surface roughness, wherein at least a part of said master (10) is coated with a soluble smoothening layer (16).

Abstract: This invention relates to an optical assembly (10) with a laterally graded reflective multilayer whose reflecting surface reflects incident X-rays under low incidence angles producing a two-dimensional optical effect, characterized by the fact that said reflecting surface is comprised of a single surface, said reflecting surface being conformed along two curvatures corresponding to two different directions. This invention also relates to a manufacturing method of such an optical assembly, characterized in that the method includes the coating of a substrate already having a curvature, and the curvature of this substrate along a second different direction.