Abstract: Water-fuel emulsions can be used in engines, predominantly in diesel engines, to achieve considerable fuel economy and reduce emissions of noxious exhaust components, NOx, CO2 and soot. However, the emulsion combustion technology for engines of power units has not been applied widely since the main two components are immiscible; water separates and causes corrosion in pumps, injectors, regulators and so on. In order to improve mixing, special emulsifiers are applied, but in this option emulsion does not sustain long. Proposed new emulsion making technology uses simultaneous dissolution of highly soluble gases CO2 and CH4 in immiscible components fuel and water. Tests demonstrate that water-fuel emulsion produced using the new technology retains stability when exposed to temperature and at long-term storage in the open air.

Abstract: Presented a method and a system for improving atomization of heavy fuel oil or diesel fuel in heavy duty diesel engines, e.g. marine engines, wherein before injection into a combustion chamber the fuel is treated by gas/gases under elevated pressure of about 500 psi in an absorber; the heavy fuel oil/diesel fuel is fed to the absorber's dispensing means at a pressure of 1100 psi; a resulted fuel solution without a free gas phase is further mixed with a recirculating fuel stream forming a mixed fuel stream; the mixed fuel stream is directed for injection into a combustion chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for providing fuel to internal combustion engines including fuel activation prior to injection. The method carried out by the system comprises dissolving a mixture of gasses providing improved fuel dispersing after fuel injection into a combustion chamber. Dissolved gasses desorption is stimulated from a unsaturated fuel solution. Full control of fuel flows with dissolved gas/gasses to and from injectors and FET technology based on Henry's law (dissolving gasses in the liquids) and Kelvin principle (vapor pressure over droplet surface). The system consists of compact components, including exhaust gasses recirculation system which can be easily added to existing diesel and gasoline engine fuel supply systems. The method and system were tested with four different types of engines and provides fuel economy in 12-20% decrease of emissions and up to 25% at variable engine loads and significantly at engine cold start.

Abstract: A method for activating a diesel fuel by saturating it with air, CO2 or any other type of gas and system to deliver it to an internal combustion engine (gas turbine, diesel engine or any HC fuel combustion unit) for combustion. The high pressure pump delivers the fuel from the fuel tank to the top of an absorber through at least one nozzle dispersing it. The compressed air is directed in the same absorber from the side of it wall, mixing it with dispersed fuel. The fuel with dissolved gas is called activated fuel. Activated fuel from the bottom of the absorber is directed to the fuel rail of a diesel engine by recirculation low pressure pump through the pressure regulating valve and Y-connector. Excessive fuel from the diesel engine is directed to the separator through the heat exchanger and then through the pressure regulator goes through the Y-connector, where it is mixing with fresh activated fuel from the absorber. The escaped gas in the return fuel line is separated in the gas separator.

Abstract: A process in which liquid fuel is saturated with a gas to provide a fuel/gas solution said fuel/gas solution fed to a combustion engine, a first portion of said fuel/gas solution that is fed to said combustion engine is combusted, a second portion of said fuel/gas solution that is fed to said combustion engine is not combusted, the temperature of said second portion of said fuel/gas solution is reduced in a heat exchanger to produce a reduced temperature second portion, evaporated gas in said reduced temperature second portion is then removed in a separator, and the fuel/gas solution thus produced is then fed back into the combustion engine.

Abstract: One of the main objects in providing optimal mass exchange for fuel cells, especially mobile fuel cells, is anode gas supply to fuel cell stack based on stoichiometric characteristics depending on variable loads and anode gas recirculation. External loads may vary in wide range and arbitrary change, thus complicate the optimal mass exchange in fuel cell stack. A new original technology is disclosed for anode gas supply using a multi-stage ejector. This technology, an ejector design and control system allow increasing fuel cell efficiency with quick loads changing from minimal to maximal as well as at cold start.

Abstract: A method for activating fuel by saturating the fuel with a gas and delivering the saturated fuel to an internal combustion engine for combustion is provided. Fuel from a fuel tank is delivered to an absorber and gas is directed into the absorber, mixing with the dispersed fuel to form an activated fuel. Activated fuel is directed to a fuel rail by a low pressure pump through a pressure regulating valve and Y-connector. Excess fuel from the engine is directed to a separator through a heat exchanger and then through a pressure regulator and is mixed with fresh activated fuel from the absorber. Released gas is separated in a gas separator. The system runs independently and can be easily turned off and switched to the base fuel supply. If the system loses power, it automatically switches to the base fuel supply system without any interruption of engine operation.

Abstract: A system for gasification of liquid fuel includes an absorber to receive liquid fuel and as through separate ports, a vortex reactor to create a vortex of the gas and fuel droplets to enhance absorption of gas into the fuel, and a recirculation loop to remove and recirculate unabsorbed gas and fuel vapors from the absorber back to its tangential inlet port. Gasified fuel collects at the bottom of the absorber for delivery to an engine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for providing fuel to internal combustion engines including fuel activation prior to injection. The method carried out by the system comprises dissolving a mixture of gasses providing improved fuel dispersing after fuel injection into a combustion chamber. Dissolved gasses desorption is stimulated from a unsaturated fuel solution. Full control of fuel flows with dissolved gas/gasses to and from injectors and FET technology based on Henry's law (dissolving gasses in the liquids) and Kelvin principle (vapor pressure over droplet surface). The system consists of compact components, including exhaust gasses recirculation system which can be easily added to existing diesel and gasoline engine fuel supply systems. The method and system were tested with four different types of engines and provides fuel economy in 12-20% decrease of emissions and up to 25% at variable engine loads and significantly at engine cold start.

Abstract: A system for gasification of liquid fuel includes an absorber to receive liquid fuel and as through separate ports, a vortex reactor to create a vortex of the gas and fuel droplets to enhance absorption of gas into the fuel, and a recirculation loop to remove and recirculate unabsorbed gas and fuel vapors from the absorber back to its tangential inlet port. Gasified fuel collects at the bottom of the absorber for delivery to an engine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for providing fuel to internal combustion engines including fuel activation prior to injection. The method carried out by the system comprises dissolving a mixture of gasses providing improved fuel dispersing after fuel injection into a combustion chamber. Dissolved gasses desorption is stimulated from a unsaturated fuel solution. Full control of fuel flows with dissolved gas/gasses to and from injectors and FET technology is based on Henry's law (dissolving gasses in the liquids) and Kelvin principle (vapor pressure over droplet surface). The system provides fuel to internal combustion engines and consists of compact components, including exhaust gasses recirculation system which can be easily added to existing diesel and gasoline engine fuel supply systems. The method and system were tested with 4 different types of engines.

Abstract: A method is provided for supplying a liquid fuel to a gas-turbine engine, e.g. aviation engine. It includes selective fuel delivery through several fuel delivery lines for different engine operating modes based on a required engine power, providing, e.g. feeding the engine operating at minimal power with base or traditional for this type of engine fuel through a base fuel delivery line; in other operating modes the fuel is fed to the engine either through conditioned fuel delivery line with preliminary conditioning of base fuel or through both said fuel delivery lines simultaneously with mixing both fuel flows directly before entering an engine combustion chamber, e.g., in a line connecting intake manifold for the base fuel and each individual fuel injector.

Abstract: A process in which liquid fuel is saturated with a gas to provide a fuel/gas solution said fuel/gas solution fed to a combustion engine, a first portion of said fuel/gas solution that is fed to said combustion engine is combusted, a second portion of said fuel/gas solution that is fed to said combustion engine is not combusted, the temperature of said second portion of said fuel/gas solution is reduced in a heat exchanger to produce a reduced temperature second portion, evaporated gas in said reduced temperature second portion is then removed in a separator, and the fuel/gas solution thus produced is then fed back into the combustion engine.

Abstract: A method for providing fuel to internal combustion engines including fuel activation prior to injection, comprising: 1) dissolving a mixture of gasses providing improved fuel dispersing after fuel injection into a combustion chamber; 2) stimulating dissolved gasses desorption from a unsaturated fuel solution; 3) full control of fuel flows with dissolved gas/gasses to and from injectors. FET technology is based on Henry law (dissolving gasses in the liquids) and Kelvin principle (vapor pressure over droplet surface). A new system for proving fuel to internal combustion engines consists of compact components, allows excluding a complex exhaust gasses recirculation system, can be easily added to existing diesel and gasoline engine fuel supply systems. The method and system were tested with 4 different types of engines.

Abstract: One of the main objects in providing optimal mass exchange for fuel cells, especially mobile fuel cells, is anode gas supply to fuel cell stack based on stoichiometric characteristics depending on variable loads and anode gas recirculation. External loads may vary in wide range and arbitrary change, thus complicate the optimal mass exchange in fuel cell stack. A new original technology is disclosed for anode gas supply using a multi-stage ejector. This technology, an ejector design and control system allow increasing fuel cell efficiency with quick loads changing from minimal to maximal as well as at cold start.

Abstract: A method is provided for supplying a liquid fuel to a gas-turbine engine, e.g. aviation engine. It includes selective fuel delivery through several fuel delivery lines for different engine operating modes based on a required engine power, providing, e.g. feeding the engine operating at minimal power with base or traditional for this type of engine fuel through a base fuel delivery line; in other operating modes the fuel is fed to the engine either through conditioned fuel delivery line with preliminary conditioning of base fuel or through both said fuel delivery lines simultaneously with mixing both fuel flows directly before entering an engine combustion chamber, e.g., in a line connecting intake manifold for the base fuel and each individual fuel injector. An engine, e.g. gas-turbine engine, operating on a liquid or gaseous fuel wherein additional injector nozzles are provided to add a third component—an incombustible evaporative liquid, e.g. water—to the combustion of the fuel mixed with air.