Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods for performing real-time analysis of bone tissue during a surgical procedure are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the method includes receiving at least one measurement of at least one tissue sample from a hybrid multi-wavelength photoacoustic measurements (MWPM) component. The method can also include identifying one or more reference cases, from a plurality of reference cases, based on correlations between the at least one measurement and previous measurements in each of the plurality of reference cases. Once the reference cases are identified, the method can include determining at least one bone condition of the patient and sending the at least one determined bone condition to a computing device accessible by a surgeon. In some embodiments, the method also includes creating a three-dimensional (3D) map the tissue sample using the at least one measurement and sending the 3D map to the computing device.

Abstract: Monitoring devices monitor physiological parameters of a patient undergoing surgery. The physiological parameters describe a physiological condition of the patient. A processor matches the physiological parameters to stored surgical data associated with adverse surgical events associated with surgical procedures matching the surgery. The processor determines a predicted time at which the physiological condition of the patient will meet a threshold physiological condition associated with the adverse surgical event based on a rate of change of the physiological parameters. Responsive to determining the predicted time, the processor transmits a first alert to robotic surgical controls to adjust the surgery prior to the predicted time. The processor determines that the physiological condition of the patient has met the threshold physiological condition. The processor transmits a second alert to the robotic surgical controls to terminate the surgery.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for using speech input to control a surgical robot are disclosed. A surgical robot is disclosed that can be controlled by a surgeon using speech input in a conversational manner. The surgical robot is provided either general commands or specific instructions, assessing whether the instructions can be completed within the capabilities of the available hardware and resources, and seeking approval from the surgeon prior to executing the instructions. Alternatively, the embodiments disclosed allow the surgeon to perform an action that cannot be safely completed by the surgical robot.

Abstract: Computer-implemented digital image analysis methods, apparatuses, and systems for robotic installation of surgical implants are disclosed. A disclosed apparatus plans a route within an anatomy of a patient from an incision site to a surgical implant site for robotic installation of a surgical implant. The apparatus uses digital imaging data to identify less-invasive installation paths and determine the dimensions of the surgical implant components being used. The apparatus segments the surgical implant into surgical implant subcomponents and modifies the surgical implant subcomponents, such that they can be inserted using the identified less-invasive installation paths.

Abstract: Data regarding a subject is received over a communication network. The data is parsed to extract data elements that are associated with various aspects of the subject. A plurality of sub-scores is calculated based on the values associated with the data elements. A combined score is calculated based on the plurality of sub-scores and weights corresponding to the plurality of sub-scores. An indication of the combined score associated with the subject is output.

Abstract: Data regarding a subject is received over a communication network. The data is parsed to extract data elements that are associated with various aspects of the subject. A plurality of sub-scores is calculated based on the values associated with the data elements. A combined score is calculated based on the plurality of sub-scores and weights corresponding to the plurality of sub-scores. An indication of the combined score associated with the subject is output.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for autonomous surgical robot evolution and handoff for manual operation are disclosed. A robotic surgical system performs surgery and is controlled jointly by an artificial intelligence (AI) and a surgeon. The surgeon can perform the entire surgery or can alternatively allow the AI to control the surgical robot to perform a part of or the entirety of the surgery. The AI is trained using data from previous surgeries, can provide indication to the surgeon when it has been sufficient trained to take over parts of a surgery, and can prompt the surgeon when there is insufficient training data for the AI to continue. Alternatively, a supervising surgeon can manually take back control of the surgical robot from the AI.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for transcribing and performing analysis on patient data are disclosed. Data is collected from one or more medical professionals as well as sensors and imaging devices positioned on or oriented towards a patient. An analysis is performed on the patient data and the data is presented to a medical professional via a verbal interface in a conversational manner, allowing the medical professional to provide additional data such as observations or instructions which may be used for further analysis or to perform actions related to the patient's care.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for performing robotic joint arthroscopic surgery are disclosed. The disclosed systems use a surgical robot to perform robotic joint arthroscopic surgery for soft tissue. The disclosed systems enable a surgeon or physician to perform a virtual surgical procedure in a virtual environment, storing robotic movements, workflow objects, user inputs, or a description of tools used. The surgical robot filters the stored data to determine a surgical workflow from the stored data. The surgical robot displays information describing a surgical step in the surgical workflow, enabling the surgeon or physician to optionally adjust the surgical workflow. The surgical robot stores the optional adjustments and performs the surgical procedure on a patient by executing surgical actions of the surgical workflow.

Abstract: Haptic feedback from a robotic surgical tool can be adjusted based on intra-operative assessment of the accuracy of a pre-operative surgical navigational plans. Navigational reference points are identified in at least one pre-operative image. At least one haptic response is identified for interactions between at least one robotic surgical tool and at least one navigational reference point. At least one intra-operative image is compared to the pre-operative image to determine the relative position of at least two corresponding navigational reference points in the images. The reference points' relative position determines a confidence level in the accuracy of the pre-operative navigational reference point. The haptic response is adjusted in timing, location, type, or amplitude based upon the confidence level. Tolerances and surgical navigation plan may also be updated and altered based on the confidence level.

Abstract: A system for performing robotic laser surgery is disclosed. The system comprises at least one surgery equipment, a surgeon terminal, and a communication module. Further, the system includes a surgical computer communicatively coupled to the at least one surgery equipment via the communication module. The surgical computer is configured to transfer data between the surgeon terminal and the at least one surgery equipment. The surgeon terminal is configured to modulate the tunable laser to conduct the surgical procedure in fully autonomous mode or semi-autonomous mode using robot controls. Further, a plurality of sensors is used to real-time data while performing surgical procedure and transmit the real-time data to the surgeon terminal.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for transcribing and performing analysis on patient data are disclosed. Data is collected from one or more medical professionals as well as sensors and imaging devices positioned on or oriented towards a patient. An analysis is performed on the patient data and the data is presented to a medical professional via a verbal interface in a conversational manner, allowing the medical professional to provide additional data such as observations or instructions which may be used for further analysis or to perform actions related to the patient's care.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for designing, modifying, and installing a surgical implant optimized for a patient's unique physiology are disclosed. The methods are based upon data from surgical implants installed in other patients. Allowing patient outcomes from previously installed surgical implants to influence the design, placement, and surgical tool path for enable the implanting of surgical implants having the greatest likelihood of a successful patient outcome.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for autonomous surgical robot evolution and handoff for manual operation are disclosed. A robotic surgical system performs surgery and is controlled jointly by an artificial intelligence (AI) and a surgeon. The surgeon can perform the entire surgery or can alternatively allow the AI to control the surgical robot to perform a part of or the entirety of the surgery. The AI is trained using data from previous surgeries, can provide indication to the surgeon when it has been sufficient trained to take over parts of a surgery, and can prompt the surgeon when there is insufficient training data for the AI to continue. Alternatively, a supervising surgeon can manually take back control of the surgical robot from the AI.

Abstract: Haptic feedback from a robotic surgical tool can be adjusted based on intra-operative assessment of the accuracy of a pre-operative surgical navigational plans. Navigational reference points are identified in at least one pre-operative image. At least one haptic response is identified for interactions between at least one robotic surgical tool and at least one navigational reference point. At least one intra-operative image is compared to the pre-operative image to determine the relative position of at least two corresponding navigational reference points in the images. The reference points' relative position determines a confidence level in the accuracy of the pre-operative navigational reference point. The haptic response is adjusted in timing, location, type, or amplitude based upon the confidence level. Tolerances and surgical navigation plan may also be updated and altered based on the confidence level.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for automated disease detection using multiple-wavelength imaging are disclosed. The disclosed system uses multiple imaging modalities for assessing a medical condition. Data collected from multiple cameras and imaging modalities is processed to identify common structures. The common structures are used to scale and align images, which are analyzed to detect one or more medical conditions. Each acquired image is assessed, and the resulting probabilities are consolidated. The images can be assessed together by using artificial intelligence and machine learning.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for performing robotic joint arthroscopic surgery are disclosed. The disclosed systems use a surgical robot to perform robotic joint arthroscopic surgery for soft tissue. The disclosed systems enable a surgeon or physician to perform a virtual surgical procedure in a virtual environment, storing robotic movements, workflow objects, user inputs, or a description of tools used. The surgical robot filters the stored data to determine a surgical workflow from the stored data. The surgical robot displays information describing a surgical step in the surgical workflow, enabling the surgeon or physician to optionally adjust the surgical workflow. The surgical robot stores the optional adjustments and performs the surgical procedure on a patient by executing surgical actions of the surgical workflow.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for a surgical robot with extended operational range in which a user inputs the surgical robot's movements and locations in a CAD environment through a surgical robot network and the surgical robot movements and locations are stored as a data file. The surgical robot network sends the surgical robot movements and locations data files to the surgical robot which extracts the data file containing the surgical robot movements and locations. The surgical robot then executes the data files containing the surgical robot movements and locations and sends a completion status of the movements and locations and the surgical robot executes a data file containing the robotic movements to perform aspects of the surgical procedure.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for performing robotic surgery in an extended-reality (XR) surgical simulation environment are disclosed. The disclosed systems provide a surgical metaverse in which a surgical robot network receives medical images of a patient. A digital twin is generated from the medical images that enables generation of a virtual surgical simulation environment for performing a surgical procedure. Necessary workflow objects for the procedure are selected and surgical actions are performed on the digital twin. Data of the workflow objects and actions in relation to the digital twin are stored. The surgical robot network generates a surgical workflow based on the workflow objects and actions and compares the surgical workflow to historical workflows to allow adjustment of the workflow in the surgical simulation virtual environment. The workflow, workflow objects, and actions in relation to the digital twin are sent to the surgical robot.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for designing, modifying, and installing a surgical implant optimized for a patient's unique physiology are disclosed. The methods are based upon data from surgical implants installed in other patients. Allowing patient outcomes from previously installed surgical implants to influence the design, placement, and surgical tool path for enable the implanting of surgical implants having the greatest likelihood of a successful patient outcome.