Abstract: Methods are taught for treating chronic wounds and skin and soft tissue infections with antibiotic tumescent injection. In such methods, the region of tumescent drug delivery is monitored and expanded by the infusate in order to be 2×-5× larger in area and volume in the region of the wound or infection, the drug in the infusate creates a tissue concentration greater than the MIC in the tumescent volume for selected period of time, and the high concentration has a residence lifetime in the tissue long enough to kill the bacteria. Typically, the methods are performed without the use of vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine and in a manner that avoids physical manipulation of the wound.

Abstract: Methods are taught for treating chronic wounds and skin and soft tissue infections with antibiotic tumescent injection. In such methods, the region of tumescent drug delivery is monitored and expanded by the infusate in order to be 2×-5× larger in area and volume in the region of the wound or infection, the drug in the infusate creates a tissue concentration greater than the MIC in the tumescent volume for selected period of time, and the high concentration has a residence lifetime in the tissue long enough to kill the bacteria. Typically, the methods are performed without the use of vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine and in a manner that avoids physical manipulation of the wound.

Abstract: A charged particle acceleration device according to some embodiments of the current invention includes a first triboelectric element, a second triboelectric element arranged proximate the first triboelectric element to be brought into contact with and separated from the first triboelectric element, an actuator assembly operatively connected to at least one of the first and second triboelectric elements to bring the first and second triboelectric elements into contact with each other and to separate the first and second triboelectric elements from each other, and a charged-particle source configured to provide charged particles in a gap between the first and second triboelectric elements.

Abstract: A device for generating x-rays has an enclosing vessel having a structure suitable to provide an enclosed space at a predetermined fluid pressure, wherein the enclosing vessel has a window portion and a shielding portion in which the shielding portion is more optically dense to x-rays than the window portion; a mechanoluminescent component disposed at least partially within the enclosing vessel; and a mechanical assembly connected to the mechanoluminescent component. The mechanical assembly provides mechanical energy to the mechanoluminescent component while in operation, and at least some of the mechanical energy when provided to the mechanoluminescent component by the mechanical assembly is converted to x-rays.

Abstract: A charged particle acceleration device according to some embodiments of the current invention includes a first triboelectric element, a second tribo-electric element arranged proximate the first tribo-electric element to be brought into contact with and separated from the first triboelectric element, an actuator assembly operatively connected to at least one of the first and second triboelectric elements to bring the first and second triboelectric elements into contact with each other and to separate the first and second triboelectric elements from each other, and a charged-particle source configured to provide charged particles in a gap between the first and second triboelectric elements.

Abstract: An x-ray source for generating x-rays with at least one narrow energy band includes an enclosing vessel, a first contact arranged with a first contact surface in the enclosing vessel, a second contact arranged with a second contact surface in the enclosing vessel, and an actuator assembly operatively connected to at least one of the first and second contacts. The actuator assembly is structured to cause the first contact surface and the second contact surface to repeatedly come into contact, and separate after making contact, while in operation. The first contact surface is a surface of a first triboelectric material and the second contact surface is a surface of a second triboelectric material, the surface of the first triboelectric material having a negative triboelectric potential relative to the surface of the second triboelectric material.

Abstract: An x-ray source includes an enclosing vessel, a first roller arranged at least partially within the enclosing vessel, a second roller arranged at least partially within the enclosing vessel and to be in rolling contact with the first roller, and a drive assembly operatively connected to at least one of the first and second rollers. The drive assembly causes the first and second rollers to rotate while in contact to bring portions of the first and second rollers into and out of contact within the enclosing vessel as the first and second rollers rotate. The first roller has a surface at least partially of a first triboelectric material and the second roller has a surface at least partially of a second triboelectric material, the first triboelectric material having a negative triboelectric potential relative to the second triboelectric material.

Abstract: A device for generating x-rays has an enclosing vessel having a structure suitable to provide an enclosed space at a predetermined fluid pressure, wherein the enclosing vessel has a window portion and a shielding portion in which the shielding portion is more optically dense to x-rays than the window portion; a mechanoluminescent component disposed at least partially within the enclosing vessel; and a mechanical assembly connected to the mechanoluminescent component. The mechanical assembly provides mechanical energy to the mechanoluminescent component while in operation, and at least some of the mechanical energy when provided to the mechanoluminescent component by the mechanical assembly is converted to x-rays.

Abstract: A device for generating x-rays has an enclosing vessel having a structure suitable to provide an enclosed space at a predetermined fluid pressure, wherein the enclosing vessel has a window portion and a shielding portion in which the shielding portion is more optically dense to x-rays than the window portion; a mechanoluminescent component disposed at least partially within the enclosing vessel; and a mechanical assembly connected to the mechanoluminescent component. The mechanical assembly provides mechanical energy to the mechanoluminescent component while in operation, and at least some of the mechanical energy when provided to the mechanoluminescent component by the mechanical assembly is converted to x-rays.

Abstract: An x-ray source includes an enclosing vessel, a first roller arranged at least partially within the enclosing vessel, a second roller arranged at least partially within the enclosing vessel and to be in rolling contact with the first roller, and a drive assembly operatively connected to at least one of the first and second rollers. The drive assembly causes the first and second rollers to rotate while in contact to bring portions of the first and second rollers into and out of contact within the enclosing vessel as the first and second rollers rotate. The first roller has a surface at least partially of a first triboelectric material and the second roller has a surface at least partially of a second triboelectric material, the first triboelectric material having a negative triboelectric potential relative to the second triboelectric material.

Abstract: An x-ray source for generating x-rays with at least one narrow energy band includes an enclosing vessel, a first contact arranged with a first contact surface in the enclosing vessel, a second contact arranged with a second contact surface in the enclosing vessel, and an actuator assembly operatively connected to at least one of the first and second contacts. The actuator assembly is structured to cause the first contact surface and the second contact surface to repeatedly come into contact, and separate after making contact, while in operation. The first contact surface is a surface of a first triboelectric material and the second contact surface is a surface of a second triboelectric material, the surface of the first triboelectric material having a negative triboelectric potential relative to the surface of the second triboelectric material.

Abstract: A device for generating x-rays has an enclosing vessel having a structure suitable to provide an enclosed space at a predetermined fluid pressure, wherein the enclosing vessel has a window portion and a shielding portion in which the shielding portion is more optically dense to x-rays than the window portion; a mechanoluminescent component disposed at least partially within the enclosing vessel; and a mechanical assembly connected to the mechanoluminescent component. The mechanical assembly provides mechanical energy to the mechanoluminescent component while in operation, and at least some of the mechanical energy when provided to the mechanoluminescent component by the mechanical assembly is converted to x-rays.

Abstract: Sonoluminescence is an off-equilibrium phenomenon in which the energy of a resonant sound wave in a liquid is highly concentrated so as to generate flashes of light. The conversion of sound to light represents an energy amplification of eleven orders of magnitude. The flashes which occur once per cycle of the audible or ultrasonic sound fields can be comprised of over one million photons and last for less 100 picoseconds. The emission displays a clocklike synchronicity; the jitter in time between consecutive flashes is less than fifty picoseconds. The emission is blue to the eye and has a broadband spectrum increasing from 700 nanometers to 200 nanometers. The peak power is about 100 milliWatts. The initial stage of the energy focusing is effected by the nonlinear oscillations of a gas bubble trapped in the liquid. For sufficiently high drive pressures an imploding shock wave is launched into the gas by the collapsing bubble.