Abstract: Described herein relates to an apparatus for optimized retention and/or storage of a drink, foodstuffs, and/or merchandise configured to be removably and/or permanently coupled to a venue seat and methods thereof. The apparatus may be configured to be removably coupled to at least one portion of a venue seat (e.g., an armrest). The apparatus may include a generally cylindrical sidewall having a central axis. The apparatus may also comprise at least two appendages comprising at least one receptacle having a pair of sidewalls, a front wall, an end wall, a bottom wall, and/or a top end. As such, the at least one receptacle may be configured to retain foodstuffs and/or merchandise. Additionally, the apparatus may comprise at least one hooking mechanism disposed about at least one portion of the at least two appendages, such that a patron may dispose a sack, a bag, and/or apparel about the hooking mechanism.

Abstract: The inventors surprisingly found that neural stimulation caused the synthesis and degradation of proteins into peptides which were then secreted into the cell media within minutes of stimulation by a novel neural membrane bound proteasome (NMP). These secreted, activity-induced, proteasomal peptides (SNAPPs) range in size from about 500 Daltons to about 3000 Daltons. Surprisingly none of the peptides appear to be those previously known to have any neuronal function. Moreover, these SNAPPs have stimulatory activity and are heretofore a new class of signaling molecules. The present invention provides methods of modulating NMP function, including in cases of NMP associated disease or disorder of neuronal cells, by stimulating or inhibiting NMP function. The present invention also provides methods for stimulation or enhancing cognitive function using SNAPPs, and methods for treating of NMP related diseases using SNAPPs.