Abstract: An electronic toll collection system terminal includes a communication interface configured to be connected to a vehicle network, a card IC chip configured to store a first card issued, and a controller configured to control the communication interface and the card IC chip. The controller is configured to generate initialization inter-sector electronic purse data of the first card, control the communication interface to transmit the initialization IEP data of the first card to a roadside equipment of the tollgate in response to the vehicle approaching a tollgate in a state where of new issuance of a second card is being requested, and control the communication interface to perform billing communication with the RSE using the first card and, in response to the vehicle passing the tollgate, control the communication interface to switch to the state where of new issuance of the second card is being requested.

Abstract: A sensor device including: a sensor array including sensor nodes; signal lines connected to the sensor nodes; and a sensor driver configured to: select each of the sensor nodes through the signal lines to sense a touch of a user that is adjacent to the sensor array; apply, through a first signal line, a first pulse signal to at least one first sensor node adjacent to the selected sensor node among the sensor nodes; and apply, through a second signal line, a second pulse signal having a polarity reverse to a polarity of the first pulse signal to at least one second sensor node among the sensor nodes, wherein the sensor driver electrically connects the first signal line to the second signal line to adjust voltage levels of the first and the second pulse signals.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery module including: a plurality of battery cells, each of the battery cells having a vent hole; a first holder accommodating one side of the battery cells; a second holder accommodating an opposite side of the battery cells, the second holder being coupled to the first holder with the battery cells therebetween; a first plate on one side of the second holder and an outlet group, the outlet group including a plurality of outlets at positions corresponding to the vent holes of a respective one of the battery cells; and a second plate on one side of the first plate and configured to intercept an emission discharged through the vent hole and the outlet group.

Abstract: A positive electrode additive for a lithium secondary battery can improve atmospheric stability. A method of manufacturing the same and a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery includes the same. The positive electrode additive for a lithium secondary battery is used to manufacture the positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery and includes a lithium (Li)-based additive core and a coating layer of NbOXCy (0?x?2.5 and 0?y?1; where Nb=niobium, O=oxygen, C=carbon) formed on a surface of the additive core.

Abstract: A holographic aberration correction method and apparatus are provided. The holographic aberration correction apparatus includes: generating a plurality of sub-holograms in a hologram, as a matrix; calculating a plurality of eigenmodes and an eigenvalue and a weight corresponding to each of the eigenmodes by performing singular value decomposition on the matrix; selecting a predefined number of eigenmodes in the order of largest eigenvalues; calculating a plurality of first results which are obtained by multiplying a plurality of identical images by respective weights corresponding to the plurality of selected eigenmodes; calculating a plurality of second results by performing convolution of the plurality of first results and the plurality of selected eigenmodes, respectively; and generating an aberration-corrected hologram by adding the plurality of second results.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a redistribution layer and a semiconductor chip provided on the redistribution layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The semiconductor chip includes a first chip pad and a second chip pad which are exposed at the first surface. The semiconductor package further includes a capacitor chip disposed between the first surface and the redistribution layer and including a capacitor chip pad connected to the first chip pad, an insulating layer covering the first surface and the capacitor chip, and a conductive post being in contact with the second chip pad and penetrating the insulating layer so as to be connected to the redistribution layer. The conductive post may be spaced apart from the capacitor chip.

Abstract: Provided is a rendering method and a device for improving realism of a rendered image. The method includes receiving training image data including a real image, generating a rendering simulation image using the training image data, acquiring background feature information by separating foreground and background areas on the basis of the rendering simulation image or the training image data, acquiring latent feature information required for generating a realistic image on the basis of the rendering simulation image, and generating a realistic image on the basis of the latent feature information and the background feature information.

Abstract: A semiconductor package is provided. The semiconductor package includes a semiconductor chip including an integrated circuit (IC) pad configured to output a wireless frequency signal, a lead frame including a package pad configured to receive the wireless frequency signal, a first wire of which one end is connected to the IC pad, a second wire of which one end is connected to the package pad, and a circuit element connected to the first wire and the second wire in parallel or in series. A radio frequency (RF) output impedance of the package pad or an RF output impedance of the IC pad is controlled by a type of the circuit element or a connection relationship between the circuit element, the first wire, and the second wire.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for realistic visualization of a digital human, the method including: setting a specific action of the digital human; determining a scene including the specific action of the digital human and rendering the determined scene to generate a first rendered video; capturing images constituting the first rendered video for each frame to obtain frame data; inputting each piece of the frame data of the first rendered video to two or more realistic visualization modules to obtain frame data of a second rendered video; and combining the frame data of the second rendered video to generate a realistically visualized scene.

Abstract: A display device includes a first electrode disposed on a substrate, a first insulating film disposed on the first electrode and having a first opening formed, a second insulating film disposed on the first insulating film and having a second opening, and a contact electrode electrically contacting at least a portion of the first electrode through the first opening and the second opening, wherein a side surface of the first insulating film defines the first opening, and the second insulating film overlaps the side surface of the first insulating film such that the contact electrode and the first insulating film are not in contact with each other.

Abstract: An electronic device and a control method using the same are provided. The electronic device may include: a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor having a plurality of channels arranged isotropically; and a processor configured to: detect a center of gravity of an external force applied to a measurement area of the PPG sensor by an object, based on PPG signals that are detected from the plurality of channels when the object is in contact with the measurement area of the PPG sensor, and generate a control command based on a change in the detected center of gravity.

Abstract: A separator for an electrochemical device including a porous polymer substrate and a porous coating layer on at least one side of the porous polymer substrate. The porous coating layer includes first binder particles, second binder particles, and inorganic particles. The inorganic particles are mostly dispersed in a first surface region of the porous coating layer, and the second binder particles are mostly dispersed in a second surface region of the porous polymer substrate, in which the first surface region faces the porous polymer substrate and the second surface region is an opposite surface region to the first surface region. The inorganic particles have a larger weight per particle than each respective weight per particle of the first and second binder particles.

Abstract: Battery modules and battery packs are disposed. In an embodiment, a battery module may include: a plurality of battery cells arranged in a row in one direction; an end plate disposed adjacent to an outermost battery cell of the plurality of battery cells; and an upper cooling plate and a lower cooling plate disposed above and below, respectively, and structured to include a first cooling flow path and a second cooling flow path, respectively, for a coolant for cooling the plurality of battery cells to flow, wherein the end plate may include a flow path connection portion connected between the upper cooling plate and the lower cooling plate for the coolant to flow between the first cooling flow path and the second cooling flow path.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an electrode with a three-dimensional structure comprising two or more layers of nanowire array layer in which first and second nanowires of different materials, and imaginary third nanowires composed of air, are arranged side by side, in which nanowires in one layer are crossed by nanowires in an adjacent layer, a method of manufacturing the electrode, an anode for a solid oxide fuel cell having the structure described above, and a solid oxide fuel cell including the anode.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a substrate including first and second surfaces opposite to each other in a first direction; pixels each including a photoelectric conversion area in the substrate; and a transfer gate electrode overlapping the photoelectric conversion area of one pixel of the plurality of pixels in the first direction. The substrate contains impurities of a first conductivity type. The photoelectric conversion area contains impurities of a different second conductivity type. The transfer gate electrode includes first, second and third extensions extending from the first surface into the substrate and having respective a first, second, and third depths. The first depth is larger than each of the second and third depths. A bottom surface of the first extension is in the photoelectric conversion area. Each of the bottom surfaces of the second and third extensions is spaced apart from the photoelectric conversion area in the first direction.

Abstract: Provided herein is a memory device for performing a program operation on memory cells. The memory device include a plurality of memory cells configured to store data, a voltage generator configured to apply program voltages to a word line coupled to the plurality of memory cells during a program operation in which the plurality of memory cells are programmed to a plurality of program states, a cell speed determiner configured to determine a program speed of the plurality of memory cells depending on a number of pulses for the program voltages applied to the word line while the program operation is being performed, and a program manager configured to change a condition for remaining program operations depending on the program speed determined by the cell speed determiner.

Abstract: A graphite active material, a method for preparing the same, and a high-capacity secondary battery for high-speed charging including the same are described. The embodiments may improve the high-speed charging performance of a secondary battery and increase the capacity thereof when using a graphite active material having an increased interlayer distance of graphite as an anode material, and may provide a secondary battery that can be mounted on small and medium-sized electronic devices such as portable phones, various electric mobilities including commercial electric vehicles, and energy storage systems (ESS).

Abstract: A mesh type air vent apparatus for a vehicle includes a duct including an open inlet and an open outlet, a mesh cover including a plurality of mesh holes communicating with the outlet of the duct, a wind direction adjusting wing provided in the duct and configured to laterally adjust a wind direction, air dampers disposed on upper and lower ends of the wind direction adjusting wing in the duct to selectively open or close gaps between the outlet of the duct and upper and lower ends of the mesh cover, and a link part which individually moves the air dampers in the duct in forward and backward directions.

Abstract: A laundry appliance includes a basket rotatably mounted within a cabinet and defining a chamber configured for receiving a load of clothes, and a camera assembly mounted within the cabinet in view of the chamber. A controller of the laundry appliance implements a method for detecting living things in the chamber and initiates a responsive action, for example, by disturbing the chamber by adjusting at least one operating parameter of the laundry appliance, obtaining one or more images of the chamber using the camera assembly, and determining that there is movement in the chamber based at least in part on the one or more images using an image processing algorithm and a machine learning image recognition process.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a microgel composition comprising collagen and hyaluronic acid and a method of preparing the same. The microgel according to an embodiment is composed of natural biocompatible substances and is non-toxic and has high mechanical stability or long persistence, and thus can be effectively used in a microgel composition, a three-dimensional scaffold composition, and a tissue-engineering scaffold.