Abstract: Provided is an operation method of a user plane function (UPF) apparatus in a wireless communication system, the operation method including: obtaining a subscription request message from either a TSN AF or a TSCTSF or both on the basis of an exposure service for a UPF event, the subscription request message including TSC management information; performing triggering for subscription to the UPF event on the basis of the TSC management information; and providing a notification message to either the TSN AF or the TSCTSF or both, the notification message including the TSC management information.

Abstract: Photoacoustic probes include reflective surfaces situated to redirect scattered or reflected optical radiation from a specimen surface back to the specimen. A reflective coating can reflect probe radiation while transmitting visible radiation so that a technician can view the specimen. One or more optical fibers and acoustic transducers can be secured to a lens or other substrate on which the reflective surface is defined. The light collector is configured to block scattered light so that an operator and a subject are not exposed to the scattered light.

Abstract: Photoacoustic probes include reflective surfaces situated to redirect scattered or reflected optical radiation from a specimen surface back to the specimen. A reflective coating can reflect probe radiation while transmitting visible radiation so that a technician can view the specimen. One or more optical fibers and acoustic transducers can be secured to a lens or other substrate on which the reflective surface is defined. The light collector is configured to block scattered light so that an operator and a subject are not exposed to the scattered light.