Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a multi-organ model, and the multi-organ model of the present disclosure is excellent in culturing each organoid due to linkage between organoids and properties of hydrogel and can more accurately reflect the interactions between organs and the microenvironment in vivo. Also, the multi-organ model is further subjected to free fatty acid treatment and thus can more accurately mimic the phenotypes of non-alcoholic fatty liver. Accordingly, it is possible to analyze the effects of candidate drugs on peripheral organs.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a polyurethane filter foam having excellent air permeability, elasticity, and restoring force. In the method of manufacturing the polyurethane filter foam, the cell size of the filter foam is made regular by controlling the pressure by adjusting the diameter of the foaming head of a foaming machine, rather than adding a cell opener, cell irregularity caused by poor dispersion of the cell opener is alleviated, and air permeability, porosity, and compression set are excellent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a video decoding method and apparatus and a video encoding method and apparatus. In video encoding and decoding, multiple partition blocks are generated by splitting a target block. A prediction mode is derived for at least a part of the multiple partition blocks, among the multiple partition blocks, and prediction is performed on the multiple partition blocks based on the derived prediction mode. When prediction is performed on the partition blocks, information related to the target block may be used, and information related to an additional partition block, which is predicted prior to the partition block, may be used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intra prediction method and apparatus. The image decoding method according to the present invention may comprise decoding information on intra prediction; and generating a prediction block by performing intra prediction for a current block based on the information on intra prediction. The information on intra prediction may include information on an intra prediction mode, and the intra prediction mode may include a curved intra prediction mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus. An image encoding method according to the present invention may comprise generating a transform block by performing at least one of transform and quantization; grouping at least one coefficient included in the transform block into at least one coefficient group (CG); scanning at least one coefficient included in the coefficient group; and encoding the at least one coefficient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding method and an image decoding method. The image decoding method includes partitioning a picture into a plurality of coding units, constructing a coding unit group including at least one coding unit of the plurality of coding units, obtaining coding information in units of one coding unit group, and decoding at least one coding unit of the plurality of coding units included in the coding unit group by using the obtained coding information.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a lower electrode, an upper electrode, and a dielectric layer structure between the lower electrode and the upper electrode, the dielectric layer structure including a first surface facing the lower electrode and a second surface facing the upper electrode. The dielectric layer structure includes a first dielectric layer including a first dielectric material and a plurality of grains extending from the first surface to the second surface and a second dielectric layer including a second dielectric material and surrounding a portion of a sidewall of each of the plurality of grains of the first dielectric layer in a level lower than the second surface. The second dielectric material includes a material having bandgap energy which is higher than bandgap energy of the first dielectric material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a video decoding method and apparatus and a video encoding method and apparatus. In video encoding and decoding, multiple partition blocks are generated by splitting a target block. A prediction mode is derived for at least a part of the multiple partition blocks, among the multiple partition blocks, and prediction is performed on the multiple partition blocks based on the derived prediction mode. When prediction is performed on the partition blocks, information related to the target block may be used, and information related to an additional partition block, which is predicted prior to the partition block, may be used.

Abstract: Provided herein is an eco-friendly artificial leather for an interior of an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof. The eco-friendly product is manufactured using a method that is compatible with various environmental regulations such as reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The artificial leather includes a bio urethane-containing skin surface layer which uses biomass-derived components extracted from vegetable components, a solvent-free bio urethane adhesive layer, and a bio fiber base layer. The layers are sequentially stacked to minimize the use of organic solvents and components that are harmful to the human body.

Abstract: Provided herein is an eco-friendly artificial leather for an interior of an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof. The eco-friendly product is manufactured using a method that is compatible with various environmental regulations such as reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The artificial leather includes a bio urethane-containing skin surface layer which uses biomass-derived components extracted from vegetable components, a solvent-free bio urethane adhesive layer, and a bio fiber base layer. The layers are sequentially stacked to minimize the use of organic solvents and components that are harmful to the human body.

Abstract: A cutting insert has parallel first upper and lower faces, parallel second upper and lower faces, first and second side faces, first and second cutting portions, and first and second mounting grooves. The second upper and lower faces are perpendicular to the first upper and lower faces, respectively. The first and second side faces are located at respective ends of the cutting insert. The first cutting portion has a major cutting edge at an edge between the first upper face and the first side face, while the second cutting portion has a major cutting edge at an edge between the second upper face and the second side face. The first mounting groove curvedly or linearly extends from the first cutting portion oppositely to the second cutting portion, while the second mounting groove curvedly or linearly extends from the second cutting portion oppositely to the first cutting portion.

Abstract: A cutting insert has parallel first upper and lower faces, parallel second upper and lower faces, first and second side faces, first and second cutting portions, and first and second mounting grooves. The second upper and lower faces are perpendicular to the first upper and lower faces, respectively. The first and second side faces are located at respective ends of the cutting insert. The first cutting portion has a major cutting edge at an edge between the first upper face and the first side face, while the second cutting portion has a major cutting edge at an edge between the second upper face and the second side face. The first mounting groove curvedly or linearly extends from the first cutting portion oppositely to the second cutting portion, while the second mounting groove curvedly or linearly extends from the second cutting portion oppositely to the first cutting portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a quantum dot and a preparation method therefor, and more specifically, to a novel quantum dot composite having high surface stability, and a preparation method therefor. The quantum dot composite according to the present invention constitutes a layered-structure ceramic composite in which the layered-structure ceramic comprises a polymer-quantum dot composite between the layers thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a quantum dot and a preparation method therefor, and more specifically, to a novel quantum dot composite having high surface stability, and a preparation method therefor. The quantum dot composite according to the present invention constitutes a layered-structure ceramic composite in which the layered-structure ceramic comprises a polymer-quantum dot composite between the layers thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a five-joint clamping apparatus for an injection molding machine. The clamping apparatus according to the present invention keeps advantages of a conventional five-joint clamping apparatus, specifically, high mold opening or closing speed and control precision, has an increased stroke distance in link mechanism, and has a structure capable of pressing a central portion of a mold.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a five-joint clamping apparatus for an injection molding machine. The clamping apparatus according to the present invention keeps advantages of a conventional five-joint clamping apparatus, specifically, high mold opening or closing speed and control precision, has an increased stroke distance in link mechanism, and has a structure capable of pressing a central portion of a mold.

Abstract: A direct telephone dialing scheme for initiating internet telephone service from a web page is provided. The scheme allows a caller, using an internet telephone service, to place telephone call to a telephone number appearing on any web page directly from that web page. In one embodiment, a caller navigates to a desired web page on the internet and the caller dials a telephone number on that web page directly to initiate a two-way audio communication with the destination telephone number using an internet telephone service. The direct telephone dialing scheme of the present invention improves the accessibility and ease of use of internet telephone services. Furthermore, the direct telephone dialing scheme can be used with video, data, and fax communications which are supported by the VoIP data communication standard.

Abstract: A direct telephone dialing scheme for initiating internet telephone service from a web page is provided. The scheme allows a caller, using an internet telephone service, to place telephone call to a telephone number appearing on any web page directly from that web page. In one embodiment, a caller navigates to a desired web page on the internet and the caller dials a telephone number on that web page directly to initiate a two-way audio communication with the destination telephone number using an internet telephone service. The direct telephone dialing scheme of the present invention improves the accessibility and ease of use of internet telephone services. Furthermore, the direct telephone dialing scheme can be used with video, data, and fax communications which are supported by the VoIP data communication standard.

Abstract: The invention is directed to managing an abnormal client termination of a network connection with a server. When a client establishes a connection with the server, the server provides various heartbeat values to the client. The server may also send heartbeat values at various other times based on a variety of factors. Heartbeat values may be based on a network load, a CPU load, or the like, as well as different states of the client. For example, one heartbeat value may be used when the client is in an idle state. Other heartbeat values may be used when the client is engaged in a VOIP session, in a videoconferencing session, a streaming video session, or the like. When the client changes state, a different heartbeat value may be used to automatically modify a frequency for sending the heartbeat signal to the server.

Abstract: A direct telephone dialing scheme for initiating internet telephone service from a web page is provided. The scheme allows a caller, using an internet telephone service, to place telephone call to a telephone number appearing on any web page directly from that web page. In one embodiment, a caller navigates to a desired web page on the internet and the caller dials a telephone number on that web page directly to initiate a two-way audio communication with the destination telephone number using an internet telephone service. The direct telephone dialing scheme of the present invention improves the accessibility and ease of use of internet telephone services. Furthermore, the direct telephone dialing scheme can be used with video, data, and fax a communications which are supported by the VoIP data communication standard.