Abstract: The present disclosure discloses systems and methods of calculating a near-maximum likelihood detection (MLD) performance capability signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) according to instructions stored in non-transitory computer readable memory that when executed by a processor of a multiple-input, multiple output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) wireless communications receiver device cause the processor to perform operations including the processor acquiring Hi and noise variance ?n2 for each subcarrier of a set of subcarriers between a MIMO-OFDM wireless communications transmitter device and the wireless communications receiver device, computing an average received bit mutual information rate (RBIR) over all subcarriers, converting the average RBIR to an effective SINR; and selecting a modulation coding scheme (MCS).

Abstract: A method performed by a transmitter in a wireless local area network (WLAN) is provided. The method comprises: setting a second parameter in a second frame based on a first puncturing pattern indicated by a first parameter in a first frame for a basic service set (BSS) set up by an access point (AP); and transmitting, to a receiver, the second frame, wherein the first puncturing pattern is one of a plurality of puncturing patterns pre-determined for a third parameter in a third frame.

Abstract: A method performed by a transmitter in a wireless communication system is provided. The method comprises: identifying that a first parameter used for indicating a first puncturing pattern is set to be not present in a first frame based on predetermined condition; determining whether to operate in duplicate (DUP) mode; and in case that the transmitter determines to operate in the DUP mode, transmitting a second frame in the DUP mode, wherein data in a payload portion of the second frame is duplicated in frequency in the DUP mode.

Abstract: A wireless communication network includes an access point (AP) device and a non-AP device. The AP device transmits a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) to the non-AP device. The PPDU includes a data field including a plurality of pilot tones in a plurality symbols. A group of pilot tones is shifted from symbol to symbol within a group of subcarriers during the data field. The non-AP device receives the PPDU and performs channel estimation using the plurality of pilot tones in the data field.

Abstract: A method performed by a transmitter in a wireless communication system is provided. The method comprises: identifying that a first parameter used for indicating a first puncturing pattern is set to be not present in a first frame based on predetermined condition; determining whether to operate in duplicate (DUP) mode; and in case that the transmitter determines to operate in the DUP mode, transmitting a second frame in the DUP mode, wherein data in a payload portion of the second frame is duplicated in frequency in the DUP mode.

Abstract: An electronic device receives a first data unit including a first hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) unit and transmits a second data unit including first HARQ-related information indicating that the first HARQ unit fails to be decoded. The electronic device receives a third data unit including a preamble. The preamble includes a first STF, a first LTF, a signal field, a second STF, and a second LTF, and the third data unit includes second HARQ-related information indicating whether the third data unit includes retransmitted data. The electronic device obtains a second HARQ unit based on determination that the second HARQ-related information indicates that the third data unit includes retransmitted data and decodes the second HARQ unit with the first HARQ unit.

Abstract: A method performed by an apparatus in a wireless local area network (WLAN) is provided. The method comprises: transmitting a first physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) for a first variant including a first control field and a second PPDU for a second variant including a second control field in A(aggregated)-PPDU, wherein the second PPDU for the second variant is transmitted in duplicate (DUP) mode; and receiving a first response to the first PPDU and a second response to the second PPDU in A-PPDU based on the first control field and the second control field, respectively, wherein the first variant is based on a first protocol standard and the second variant is based on a second protocol standard, and wherein the second protocol standard is beyond version of the first protocol standard.

Abstract: A method performed by an apparatus in a wireless local area network (WLAN) is provided. The method includes: transmitting a first NDP Announcement frame for a first variant and a second NDP Announcement frame for a second variant in A-PPDU transmission, wherein the first NDP Announcement frame for the first variant and the second NDP Announcement frame for the second variant have a same time duration and are transmitted in different frequency bands; and transmitting at least one Sounding NDP for the first variant for both at least one first STA for the first variant and at least one second STA for the second variant, wherein the first variant is based on a first protocol standard and the second variant is based on a second protocol standard, and wherein the second protocol standard is beyond version of the first protocol standard.

Abstract: A method is performed by a wireless device. The method comprises receiving a predetermined number N of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols of a PHY Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), determining, using the Nth received OFDM symbol, whether the PPDU is a PPDU according to a first wireless network standard or a PPDU according to a second wireless network standard, and decoding the PPDU according to the determined wireless network standard. The predetermined number N corresponds to either a location of a Legacy Signal (L-SIG) field in the PPDU or the location of a symbol of a second field of the second wireless network standard in the PPDU, the second field being different from the L-SIG field. The first and second wireless network standards may each be a Vehicle to Everything standard or an Intelligent Transportation System standard, and may be different from each other.

Abstract: A method performed by a transmitter in a wireless local area network (WLAN) includes: determining to operate in A(aggregated)-PPDU transmission, wherein the A-PPDU transmission includes transmission of multiple sub-PPDUs with different variants; and transmitting, to a receiver, a trigger frame including a first field and a second field, wherein the first field indicates whether a first special user information field including first additional common information for a first variant is present; and wherein the second field indicates whether a second special user information field including second additional common information for a second variant is present, and wherein the first special user information field is located before the second special user information field in the trigger frame.

Abstract: A method performed by a transmitter in a wireless local area network (WLAN) is provided. The method comprises: setting a second parameter in a second frame based on a first puncturing pattern indicated by a first parameter in a first frame for a basic service set (BSS) set up by an access point (AP); and transmitting, to a receiver, the second frame, wherein the first puncturing pattern is one of a plurality of puncturing patterns pre-determined for a third parameter in a third frame.

Abstract: A method performed by a transmitter in a wireless communication system is provided. The method comprises: identifying that a first parameter used for indicating a first puncturing pattern is set to be not present in a first frame based on predetermined condition; determining whether to operate in duplicate (DUP) mode; and in case that the transmitter determines to operate in the DUP mode, transmitting a second frame in the DUP mode, wherein data in a payload portion of the second frame is duplicated in frequency in the DUP mode.

Abstract: A method is performed by a wireless device. The method comprises receiving a predetermined number N of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols of a PHY Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), determining, using the Nth received OFDM symbol, whether the PPDU is a PPDU according to a first wireless network standard or a PPDU according to a second wireless network standard, and decoding the PPDU according to the determined wireless network standard. The predetermined number N corresponds to either a location of a Legacy Signal (L-SIG) field in the PPDU or the location of a symbol of a second field of the second wireless network standard in the PPDU, the second field being different from the L-SIG field. The first and second wireless network standards may each be a Vehicle to Everything standard or an Intelligent Transportation System standard, and may be different from each other.

Abstract: A process for receiving a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) may include receiving a first portion of the PPDU. The first portion including a Legacy Signal (L-SIG) field and a second signal field that is received after the reception of the L-SIG field. The process further includes decoding, using first information in the L-SIG field, the second signal field, and determining, using second information included in the second signal field, that the PPDU includes midambles. In response to determining that the PPDU includes midambles, the process determines, using a midamble periodicity M, a number of midambles NMA in the PPDU, determines, using the number of midambles, a number of data symbols in a data field of the PPDU, and processes, using the number of midambles and the number of data symbols, the data field of the PPDU. The process may be performed by a wireless device.

Abstract: A process for receiving a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) may include receiving a first portion of the PPDU. The first portion including a Legacy Signal (L-SIG) field and a second signal field that is received after the reception of the L-SIG field. The process further includes decoding, using first information in the L-SIG field, the second signal field, and determining, using second information included in the second signal field, that the PPDU includes midambles. In response to determining that the PPDU includes midambles, the process determines, using a midamble periodicity M, a number of midambles NMA in the PPDU, determines, using the number of midambles, a number of data symbols in a data field of the PPDU, and processes, using the number of midambles and the number of data symbols, the data field of the PPDU. The process may be performed by a wireless device.

Abstract: A method is performed by a wireless device. The method comprises receiving a predetermined number N of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols of a PHY Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), determining, using the Nth received OFDM symbol, whether the PPDU is a PPDU according to a first wireless network standard or a PPDU according to a second wireless network standard, and decoding the PPDU according to the determined wireless network standard. The predetermined number N corresponds to either a location of a Legacy Signal (L-SIG) field in the PPDU or the location of a symbol of a second field of the second wireless network standard in the PPDU, the second field being different from the L-SIG field. The first and second wireless network standards may each be a Vehicle to Everything standard or an Intelligent Transportation System standard, and may be different from each other.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a low-cost digital predistortion apparatus using envelope detection feedback. The low-cost digital predistortion apparatus includes a digital predistortion unit and an envelope detection feedback unit. The digital predistortion unit converts the output of a predistorter into analog signals, frequency-modulates the analog signals into a pass band signal, and amplifies the frequency-modulated signal via a power amplifier. The envelope detection feedback unit converts the difference between the input and output of the power amplifier of the digital predistortion unit and the output of the power amplifier into baseband signals, respectively, converts the baseband signals into digital signals, estimates the nonlinear distortion characteristic output of the power amplifier, calculates a predistortion parameter that is used to compensate for the estimated nonlinear distortion characteristic output of the power amplifier.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a low-cost digital predistortion apparatus using envelope detection feedback. The low-cost digital predistortion apparatus includes a digital predistortion unit and an envelope detection feedback unit. The digital predistortion unit converts the output of a predistorter into analog signals, frequency-modulates the analog signals into a pass band signal, and amplifies the frequency-modulated signal via a power amplifier. The envelope detection feedback unit converts the difference between the input and output of the power amplifier of the digital predistortion unit and the output of the power amplifier into baseband signals, respectively, converts the baseband signals into digital signals, estimates the nonlinear distortion characteristic output of the power amplifier, calculates a predistortion parameter that is used to compensate for the estimated nonlinear distortion characteristic output of the power amplifier.