Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for evaluating the control logic of an exoskeleton, wherein the method includes acquiring, by a human modeling module, characteristic data of a human model, acquiring, by a device modeling module, characteristic data of an exoskeleton, verifying, by a controllability determination module, a controllability that represents whether control is performable on a target body motion based on the characteristic data of the human model and the characteristic data of the exoskeleton, performing, by a simulation module, the target body motion based on a result verification of the controllability and acquiring simulation data generated during performance of the target body motion, and analyzing, by a performance evaluation module, the simulation data.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a device isolation layer in a substrate to define active regions, forming a conductive layer on the active regions, forming first mask patterns intersecting the active regions on the conductive layer, etching the conductive layer using the first mask patterns as etch masks to form bit lines, growing second mask patterns from top surfaces of the first mask patterns, and performing a patterning process using the second mask patterns as etch masks to form contact holes exposing the active regions between the bit lines.

Abstract: A method performed in an autonomous vehicle for an interaction with a worker is provided. The method includes storing video frames output by capturing an outside of the autonomous vehicle, identifying a command of the worker based on the video frames, controlling a message indicating the command of the worker to be displayed on a display, performing at least one control operation for performing the command of the worker, and controlling a message indicating the at least one control operation to be displayed on the display.

Abstract: An embodiment method of manufacturing a membrane-electrode assembly includes feeding an electrolyte membrane by a feeding device, applying a catalyst slurry to manufacture a first electrode onto a surface of the electrolyte membrane by an applicator, while feeding the electrolyte membrane by the feeding device, performing drying of the catalyst slurry and heat treatment of the first electrode by applying heat to the electrolyte membrane by temperature control devices, while feeding the electrolyte membrane by the feeding device, and transferring a second electrode to a remaining surface of the electrolyte membrane discharged from the feeding device, opposite to the surface of the electrolyte membrane having the first electrode bonded thereto, by a transfer device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: a pyrene derivative compound having a specific structure; and a high efficiency organic light-emitting device employing the pyrene derivative compound in a light emitting layer and thus having excellent light-emitting characteristics. The organic light-emitting device according to the present invention can be configured as a high efficiency organic light-emitting device having excellent light-emitting characteristics by employing the pyrene derivative compound having the specific structure as a host in the light emitting layer, and thus can be usefully applied industrially in lighting devices, as well as various display devices such as flat, flexible, and wearable displays.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device according to the present invention uses a pyrene derivative compound having a characteristic structure as a host in a light-emitting layer to realize a long-lifespan and high-efficiency organic light-emitting device having excellent light-emitting characteristics in terms of lifespan and luminescence efficiency. Accordingly, the organic light-emitting device can be usefully applied, in the industrial aspect, for various display devices such as flat panel, flexible, and wearable displays, as well as lighting devices.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thin film transistor includes: forming an active pattern on a substrate; forming an insulating layer and a gate electrode layer on the active pattern in order; forming a photoresist pattern on the gate electrode layer; forming a preliminary gate electrode by wet etching the gate electrode layer using the photoresist pattern; forming an insulating pattern by dry etching the insulating layer using the photoresist pattern and the preliminary gate electrode; and forming a gate electrode by wet etching a side surface of the preliminary gate electrode using the photoresist pattern.

Abstract: An audio signal encoding/decoding method and an apparatus for performing the same are disclosed. The audio signal encoding method includes obtaining a full-band input signal, extracting a first feature vector corresponding to a first sub-band signal and a second feature vector corresponding to a second sub-band signal using an encoder neural network including a plurality of encoding layers, generating a first code vector corresponding to the first feature vector and a second code vector corresponding to the second feature vector by compressing the first feature vector and the second feature vector, and generating a bitstream by quantizing the first code vector and the second code vector.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an anode for a lithium-metal battery, a manufacturing method of the same, and a lithium-metal battery including the anode. The anode for a lithium-metal battery includes a complex hierarchical structure current collector which includes an inverted pyramid-shaped micro hole pattern and nanostructures provided within the inverted pyramid-shaped micro hole pattern; and a lithium metal which is electrodeposited on the nanostructure of the current collector. As a result, it is possible to increase the life stability of the battery and increase the coulombic efficiency.

Abstract: Provided are a device and method for evaluating performance of a wearable muscle enhancement device.

Abstract: An accelerator includes: a memory configured to store input data; a plurality of shift buffers each configured to shift input data received sequentially from the memory in each cycle, and in response to input data being stored in each of internal elements of the shift buffer, output the stored input data to a processing element (PE) array; a plurality of backup buffers each configured to store input data received sequentially from the memory and transfer the stored input data to one of the shift buffers; and the PE array configured to perform an operation on input data received from one or more of the shift buffers and on a corresponding kernel.

Abstract: Provided are display panel manufacturing method and apparatus. The display panel manufacturing method includes detecting a machining target area of a bottom layer, removing an area, overlapping the machining target area, of a top layer, emitting a laser beam to the machining target area of the bottom layer to provide a bottom pattern from the machining target area, and providing a compensation pattern in the removed area of the top layer.

Abstract: Water electrolysis systems that operate at intermediate temperature (i.e., between about 100° C. and about 300° C.) are described. At least some aspects of the present disclosure relate to proton exchange membrane steam electrolysis (PEMSE) systems including a polymer electrolyte comprising at least one phosphorus atom. In at some examples, the polymer electrolyte my comprise phosphonic acid.

Abstract: A display device includes a display area where an image is displayed, a non-display area disposed adjacent to the display area, a first sub-pixel disposed in the display area, and a second sub-pixel disposed adjacent to the first sub-pixel in the display area. Each of the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel includes a plurality of alignment electrodes spaced apart from each other, and a plurality of light emitting elements disposed between the plurality of alignment electrodes. Each of the plurality of light emitting elements includes a first end having a first polarity, and a second end having a second polarity different from the first polarity. An orientation of the light emitting elements in the first sub-pixel and an orientation of the light emitting elements in the second sub-pixel are symmetrical. The first sub-pixel includes an identification pattern for distinguishing the first sub-pixel from the second sub-pixel.

Abstract: A display module may include a display panel that includes a base layer, a circuit insulating layer, a first electrode, and an emission layer. The circuit insulating layer may include a first portion having a first thickness, a second portion having a second thickness greater than the first thickness, and a third portion having a third thickness greater than the second thickness. The first electrode may include a first electrode portion disposed on the first portion and a second electrode portion extending from the first electrode portion and disposed on the second portion. The emission layer may include a first light-emitting portion disposed on the first electrode portion and a second light-emitting portion extending from the first light-emitting portion and disposed on the second electrode portion.

Abstract: A camera module includes a first reflective member including a first reflective surface, a telephoto lens spaced apart from the first reflective surface in a first direction, a second reflective member spaced apart from the first reflective surface in a second direction, the second direction intersecting the first direction, and a sensor support member configured to support an image sensor. The second reflective member includes a second reflective surface configured to reflect light from the first reflective surface toward the sensor support member, and the sensor support member is spaced from the second reflective surface in a third direction, the third direction intersecting each of the first direction and the second direction.

Abstract: A display device includes a first electrode disposed on a substrate, a first insulating film disposed on the first electrode and having a first opening formed, a second insulating film disposed on the first insulating film and having a second opening, and a contact electrode electrically contacting at least a portion of the first electrode through the first opening and the second opening, wherein a side surface of the first insulating film defines the first opening, and the second insulating film overlaps the side surface of the first insulating film such that the contact electrode and the first insulating film are not in contact with each other.

Abstract: A battery module having a cell-unit monitoring structure is provided. The battery module includes a battery cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of pouch-type battery cells, a case configured to cover the battery cell stack through an assembly structure of a plurality of plates, and a sensing block including an interface module configured to measure a sensing signal by electrically connecting the individual cell pouch and battery cell electrode tabs exposed through the front side and the rear side of the case for inspection of an insulation resistance state of an individual cell pouch.

Abstract: It is introduced that a device of manufacturing lithium sulfate comprising: a reaction body in which a reaction of lithium phosphate and sulfuric acid is performed, the reaction body being divided into an upper space and a lower space; a pressurizer for applying pressure to the inside of the reaction body; a stirrer disposed in the upper space for stirring the lithium phosphate and sulfuric acid to produce a mixture containing lithium sulfate and phosphoric acid; and a filter disposed inside the reaction body and separating the filtrate containing the phosphoric acid into the lower space by filtering the mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel heterocyclic compound usable in an organic light-emitting device and to an organic light-emitting device comprising same, wherein [chemical formula A] is as described in the detailed description of the invention.