Abstract: A storage device includes a memory device including a first memory region having a lowest bit density, a second memory region having a medium bit density, and a third memory region having a highest bit density, and a controller configured to control the memory device. The controller is configured to determine data from a host as being any one of hot data, warm data and cold data, is configured to store the hot data in the first memory region, is configured to store the warm data in the second memory region, is configured to store the cold data in the third memory region, is configured to select a source block of first memory blocks included in the first memory region, is configured to select destination blocks in each of the second and third memory regions, and is configured to migrate each piece of unit data stored in the source block to one of the destination blocks according to a degree of hotness of each piece of the unit data.

Abstract: A quantum dot includes a core, a first shell and a second shell. The core includes a group III-V compound. The first shell includes a second semiconductor nanocrystal. The second semiconductor nanocrystal includes zinc, selenium and a dopant including tellurium. The second shell includes a third semiconductor nanocrystal. The third semiconductor nanocrystal includes a II-VI compound.

Abstract: Storage devices and an operating method of a storage controller configured to control storage devices. For example, the storage device may include a non-volatile memory and a storage controller. The non-volatile memory includes a first block and a second block, the first block including first memory cells each storing N-bit data, and the second block including second memory cells each storing M-bit data. During a read reclaim operation on the first block, the storage controller determines read hot data stored in the first block and writes the read hot data to the second block. The storage controller may select a first word line corresponding to a first page in which a number of error bits is equal to or greater than a threshold value and determine data stored in a page corresponding to a second word line adjacent to the first word line as the read hot data.

Abstract: A cleaner according to the present disclosure comprises: a body; a suction head connected to one side of the body so as to suction foreign matter from a surface to be cleaned; and a motor assembly received in a motor case formed inside the body, so as to generate suction force, wherein: the motor assembly comprises a motor, an impeller disposed on one side of the motor and connected to the motor so as to introduce air, and a vibration isolator coupled to the other side of the motor and having a plurality of support protrusions protruding from the outer circumferential surface thereof; and the coupling between the plurality of support protrusions and the motor case causes the motor assembly to be spaced apart from the motor case.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a first semiconductor chip including a first substrate, a plurality of through electrodes penetrating the first substrate, and first bonding pads provided on one surface of the first substrate and electrically connected to the plurality of through electrodes, a second semiconductor chip including a second substrate, a second wiring layer provided on one surface of the second substrate and having redistribution pads and test pads, and second bonding pads on the redistribution pads, the second semiconductor chip being stacked on the first semiconductor chip via conductive bumps that are disposed between first and second bonding pads, an adhesive layer filling a space between the conductive bumps, and flow prevention structures in the adhesive layer on a test pad region where the test pads are disposed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic device. The electronic device comprises: a first image sensor and a second image sensor; and a processor which alternately performs a first image capture mode, in which a plurality of captured images are acquired by controlling the respective exposure times of the first image sensor and the second image sensor differently, and a second imager capture mode, in which a plurality of captured images are acquired by controlling the respective exposure times of the first image sensor and the second image sensor identically, identifies an object by using the plurality of captured images acquired in the first image capture mode, and acquires distance information about the identified object on the basis of the plurality of captured images acquired in the second image capture mode.

Abstract: A controller includes a central processing unit (CPU) configured to insert a latest received logical address, received together with a write command and data from a host, into a logical address list; a hotness determining circuit configured to assign a maximum weight to the latest received logical address, decrease weights of received logical addresses included in the logical address list by a decay factor, and sum weights of the received logical addresses having values, equal to a value of the latest received logical address, to determine hotness of the latest received logical address; and a parameter adjustment circuit decreasing a magnitude of the decay factor based on the repeatability index of the received logical addresses included in the logical address list, wherein the CPU is configured to control the memory device to store the data in one of the memory regions based on the hotness.

Abstract: A storage device includes a nonvolatile memory and a controller. The controller is configured to insert, into a hot list, a portion of a logical address received from a host and manage a hot hash table storing a position, at which the logical address is inserted into the hot list. The controller is further configured to search the hot hash table for the position, at which the logical address is inserted into the hot list, by using the logical address, determine an attribute of data corresponding to the logical address based on the search result, and store attribute information indicating the attribute of the data.

Abstract: A storage device includes a memory device including a first memory region having a lowest bit density, a second memory region having a medium bit density, and a third memory region having a highest bit density, and a controller configured to control the memory device. The controller is configured to determine data from a host as being any one of hot data, warm data and cold data, is configured to store the hot data in the first memory region, is configured to store the warm data in the second memory region, is configured to store the cold data in the third memory region, is configured to select a source block of first memory blocks included in the first memory region, is configured to select destination blocks in each of the second and third memory regions, and is configured to migrate each piece of unit data stored in the source block to one of the destination blocks according to a degree of hotness of each piece of the unit data.

Abstract: A storage device includes a memory device including a first memory region, a second memory region, and a third memory region, the first memory region having a lowest bit-density relative to the second memory region and the third memory region, a second memory region having a medium bit-density relative to the first memory region and the third memory region, and a third memory region having a highest bit-density relative to the first memory region and the second memory region; and a controller configured to control the memory device The controller is configured to distribute data received from a host to the first to third memory regions based on attributes of the data, to determine a current state based on a data distribution amount for each of the first to third memory regions and a respective size of each of the first to third memory regions, and to perform an action of increasing or decreasing a size of the second memory region under the current state based on a reinforcement learning result for mitigating

Abstract: A method of operating a storage device, including a first memory region having a lowest bit density, a second memory region having a medium bit density, and a third memory region having a highest bit density, includes determining a hotness of a logical address received with a write command and data to be written, from a host, based on the determined hotness being greater than a first hotness threshold, determining whether a wear level of the first memory region is greater than a wear threshold, and increasing the first hotness threshold and storing the data in the second memory region based on the wear level of the first memory region being greater than a threshold.

Abstract: A controller includes a central processing unit (CPU) configured to insert a latest received logical address, received together with a write command and data from a host, into a logical address list; a hotness determining circuit configured to assign a maximum weight to the latest received logical address, decrease weights of received logical addresses included in the logical address list by a decay factor, and sum weights of the received logical addresses having values, equal to a value of the latest received logical address, to determine hotness of the latest received logical address; and a parameter adjustment circuit decreasing a magnitude of the decay factor based on the repeatability index of the received logical addresses included in the logical address list, wherein the CPU is configured to control the memory device to store the data in one of the memory regions based on the hotness.

Abstract: A storage device including: a memory device including memory blocks having different bit densities; and a controller, the controller including: a memory to store a logical address list including a number of recently received logical addresses and a hotness table including a hotness of each of the logical addresses in the list; and a processor to receive a write command, a latest logical address and data, to update a hotness of the latest logical address in the hotness table, to insert the latest logical address into the logical address list, and to control the memory device to program the data into one of the memory blocks depending on whether the hotness of the latest logical address exceeds a threshold value, the hotness of the latest logical address being updated based on how long ago a logical address the same as the latest logical address was received.

Abstract: Storage devices and an operating method of a storage controller configured to control storage devices. For example, the storage device may include a non-volatile memory and a storage controller. The non-volatile memory includes a first block and a second block, the first block including first memory cells each storing N-bit data, and the second block including second memory cells each storing M-bit data. During a read reclaim operation on the first block, the storage controller determines read hot data stored in the first block and writes the read hot data to the second block. The storage controller may select a first word line corresponding to a first page in which a number of error bits is equal to or greater than a threshold value and determine data stored in a page corresponding to a second word line adjacent to the first word line as the read hot data.

Abstract: Provided are a storage device, a storage controller, and an operating method of the storage controller. The storage device according to the inventive concept includes a non-volatile memory and a storage controller. The non-volatile memory includes a plurality of memory blocks, each memory block includes physical units having different retention strengths due to process variations, and the retention strengths respectively correspond to times that physical units retain data before respective reclaim operations for the physical units. The storage controller receives a write request and data from a host, selects a first physical unit based on hotness of data and retention strengths, and controls the non-volatile memory to write data to the first physical unit.