Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding and decoding technique, and more particularly, to an image encoder and decoder using unidirectional prediction. The image encoder includes a dividing unit to divide a macro block into a plurality of sub-blocks, a unidirectional application determining unit to determine whether an identical prediction mode is applied to each of the plurality of sub-blocks, and a prediction mode determining unit to determine a prediction mode with respect to each of the plurality of sub-blocks based on a determined result of the unidirectional application determining unit.

Abstract: Provided is a camera module, and a camera module including a core plate having a cavity for accommodating a conductive liquid and a nonconductive liquid; an electrode unit disposed on the core plate and electrically connected to the conductive liquid; an insulating unit disposed in the electrode portion and blocking contact of the nonconductive liquid; and a control unit for controlling voltages applied to the electrode unit, wherein the electrode unit includes a first electrode and a second electrode that change the interface between the conductive liquid and the nonconductive liquid by electromagnetic interaction, the first electrode includes a plurality of electrode sectors arranged sequentially along a circumferential direction about an optical axis, and the control unit sequentially controls voltages applied to the plurality of electrode sectors.

Abstract: A liquid lens of the present invention includes a first plate including a cavity in which a conductive liquid and a nonconductive liquid are disposed; a first electrode disposed on the first plate; a second electrode disposed under the first plate; a second plate disposed on the first electrode; and a third plate disposed under the second electrode, wherein the second plate includes a first region having a first thickness, the first region encompassing an optical axis, and a second region extended from the first region and having a second thickness greater than the first thickness, and the location of the upper surface of the first region is lower than the location of the upper surface of the second region.

Abstract: An embodiment of a camera module includes a holder configured such that the upper and lower portions of the holder are open and such that a first hole and a second hole, opposite to the first hole, are formed in the side surface of the holder, a first lens unit coupled to the upper portion of the holder, a second lens unit coupled to the lower portion of the holder, and a liquid lens disposed in the first hole and the second hole of the holder between the first lens unit and the second lens unit, the liquid lens protruding outward from the side surface of the holder, wherein at least a portion of the liquid lens may be spaced apart from the inner surface of the holder.

Abstract: An embodiment provides a camera module comprising: a holder; a first lens part disposed at an upper part of the holder; a second lens part disposed at an lower part of the holder; a liquid lens coupled to the holder and disposed between the first lens part and the second lens part; a substrate electrically connected to the liquid lens; and an image sensor disposed in the optical axis direction of the liquid lens and mounted on the substrate, wherein a distance from a rear surface of the first lens part to a front surface of the second lens part on an optical axis is 1.8 to 2.1 times the thickness of the liquid lens.

Abstract: A liquid lens includes a first plate including a cavity in which a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid are disposed; a first electrode placed under the first plate; a second electrode placed on the first plate; a second plate on the second electrode; and a third plate under the first electrode, wherein a region of the second plate, which is disposed on the conductive liquid, includes a first region having a first thickness and including an optical axis, and a second region extending from the first region and having a second thickness, and the first thickness is greater than the second thickness.

Abstract: A liquid lens, which forms one optical system together with a solid lens, according to an embodiment, comprises: a first plate in which a cavity for accommodating a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid is arranged; a first electrode arranged on the first plate; a second electrode arranged under the first plate; a second plate arranged on the first electrode; and a third plate arranged under the second electrode, wherein a total volume of the conductive liquid and the non-conductive liquid and an area in which the lower surface of the second plate comes in contact with the conductive liquid can be designed so as to meet specific conditions.

Abstract: A lens module in an embodiment includes a first plate having therein a first cavity; a second plate overlapping the first plate in a vertical direction, the second plate having therein a second cavity; a first liquid disposed in the first cavity; and a second liquid disposed in the second cavity, wherein a cross-section obtained by cutting the first cavity in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction has a polygonal shape, and wherein a cross-section obtained by cutting the second cavity in the horizontal direction has a circular shape.

Abstract: A liquid lens includes a first plate including a cavity in which a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid are disposed; a first electrode placed under the first plate; a second electrode placed on the first plate; a second plate on the second electrode; and a third plate under the first electrode, wherein a region of the second plate, which is disposed on the conductive liquid, includes a first region having a first thickness and including an optical axis, and a second region extending from the first region and having a second thickness, and the first thickness is greater than the second thickness.

Abstract: One embodiment of a camera module may comprise: a lens barrel having a hollow formed therein, comprising at least one lens aligned in the optical axis of the hollow; a holder having formed therein an internal space in which a part of the lens barrel is accommodated; a casing coupled to the holder and having formed therein an internal space in which a printed circuit board is accommodated; and a first heater which is electrically connected to the printed circuit board to heat the lens.

Abstract: The present invention provides a camera module thin film heater and a camera module having the same, the camera module thin film inhibiting and avoiding frost, condensation and freezing by reaching a target temperature of a lens within a short period of time, suppressing the generation of fire due to overheating even when operated in a high environment, and not including a temperature sensor and a temperature control unit, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing cost. The camera module thin film heater comprising: an electrode; a thin film heating body electrically connected to the electrode and having a variable resistance corresponding to a heating temperature; and an insulating member surrounding the electrode and the thin film heating body.

Abstract: The present invention provides a camera module includes a lens assembly comprising a liquid lens and at least one solid lens disposed above or below the liquid lens, the liquid lens comprising a plurality of individual electrodes and a common electrode; a driving driver configured to supply a voltage through the common electrode and at least one of the plurality of individual electrodes in the liquid lens in order to control an interface of the liquid lens; a capacitance measurement circuit configured to measure capacitance between the common electrode and at least one of the plurality of individual electrodes in the liquid lens; an operation state storage unit configured to store information on capacitance that varies depending on variation in temperature in the liquid lens; and a control unit to determine a temperature in the liquid lens based on the capacitance measured by the capacitance measurement circuit and the information.

Abstract: An embodiment provides a camera module comprising: a holder; a first lens part disposed at an upper part of the holder; a second lens part disposed at an lower part of the holder; a liquid lens coupled to the holder and disposed between the first lens part and the second lens part; a substrate electrically connected to the liquid lens; and an image sensor disposed in the optical axis direction of the liquid lens and mounted on the substrate, wherein a distance from a rear surface of the first lens part to a front surface of the second lens part on an optical axis is 1.8 to 2.1 times the thickness of the liquid lens.

Abstract: A liquid lens, which forms one optical system together with a solid lens, according to an embodiment, comprises: a first plate in which a cavity for accommodating a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid is arranged; a first electrode arranged on the first plate; a second electrode arranged under the first plate; a second plate arranged on the first electrode; and a third plate arranged under the second electrode, wherein a total volume of the conductive liquid and the non-conductive liquid and an area in which the lower surface of the second plate comes in contact with the conductive liquid can be designed so as to meet specific conditions.

Abstract: An embodiment of a camera module includes a holder configured such that the upper and lower portions of the holder are open and such that a first hole and a second hole, opposite to the first hole, are formed in the side surface of the holder, a first lens unit coupled to the upper portion of the holder, a second lens unit coupled to the lower portion of the holder, and a liquid lens disposed in the first hole and the second hole of the holder between the first lens unit and the second lens unit, the liquid lens protruding outward from the side surface of the holder, wherein at least a portion of the liquid lens may be spaced apart from the inner surface of the holder.

Abstract: An embodiment of a camera module includes a holder configured such that the upper and lower portions of the holder are open and such that a first hole and a second hole, opposite to the first hole, are formed in the side surface of the holder, a first lens unit coupled to the upper portion of the holder, a second lens unit coupled to the lower portion of the holder, and a liquid lens disposed in the first hole and the second hole of the holder between the first lens unit and the second lens unit, the liquid lens protruding outward from the side surface of the holder, wherein at least a portion of the liquid lens may be spaced apart from the inner surface of the holder.

Abstract: One embodiment of a camera module may comprise: a lens barrel having a hollow formed therein, comprising at least one lens aligned in the optical axis of the hollow; a holder having formed therein an internal space in which a part of the lens barrel is accommodated; a casing coupled to the holder and having formed therein an internal space in which a printed circuit board is accommodated; and a first heater which is electrically connected to the printed circuit board to heat the lens.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a camera module comprising: a first body; a second body coupled to the first body; a lens unit coupled to the second body; a circuit substrate unit located in an internal space formed by the first body and the second body and having an image sensor mounted thereon; and a focusing unit formed in the second body, and moving and fixing the lens unit or the circuit substrate unit in an optical axis direction of the lens unit, wherein a distance between the lens unit and the image sensor in the optical axis direction is adjusted through the focusing unit.

Abstract: One embodiment of a camera module may comprise: a lens barrel having a hollow formed therein, comprising at least one lens aligned in the optical axis of the hollow; a holder having formed therein an internal space in which a part of the lens barrel is accommodated; a casing coupled to the holder and having formed therein an internal space in which a printed circuit board is accommodated; and a first heater which is electrically connected to the printed circuit board to heat the lens.

Abstract: A liquid lens includes a first plate including a cavity in which a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid are disposed; a first electrode placed under the first plate; a second electrode placed on the first plate; a second plate on the second electrode; and a third plate under the first electrode, wherein a region of the second plate, which is disposed on the conductive liquid, includes a first region having a first thickness and including an optical axis, and a second region extending from the first region and having a second thickness, and the first thickness is greater than the second thickness.