Abstract: An audio signal encoding/decoding method and an apparatus for performing the same are disclosed. The audio signal encoding method includes obtaining a full-band input signal, extracting a first feature vector corresponding to a first sub-band signal and a second feature vector corresponding to a second sub-band signal using an encoder neural network including a plurality of encoding layers, generating a first code vector corresponding to the first feature vector and a second code vector corresponding to the second feature vector by compressing the first feature vector and the second feature vector, and generating a bitstream by quantizing the first code vector and the second code vector.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates a display device and a method compensating for deterioration thereof, and a mobile terminal including the display device. The display device includes: a display panel including a first pixel area, a second pixel area, and a third pixel area; a first optical device disposed below the display panel or embedded within the display panel in a predetermined sensing area on the display panel, the first optical device facing at least a portion of the first pixel area and a portion of the second pixel area when the display panel is folded or moved; and a pixel deterioration compensation circuit configured to operate to reduce a luminance difference between the first pixel area and the second pixel area by receiving sensing data from the first optical device in a deterioration sensing mode.

Abstract: Provided is an encoding apparatus including a memory configured to store instructions and a processor electrically connected to the memory and configured to execute the instructions, wherein the processor may be configured to perform a plurality of operations, when the instructions are executed by the processor, wherein the plurality of operations may include obtaining an input audio signal, generating an embedded audio signal by embedding signal components of a second frequency band of the input audio signal in a first frequency band of the input audio signal, generating additional information associated with the first frequency band and the second frequency band, generating an encoded audio signal by encoding the embedded audio signal, and formatting the encoded audio signal and the additional information into a bitstream.

Abstract: Disclosed is a positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery. The positive electrode material includes a positive electrode active material formed of Li—[Mn—Ti]-M-O-based material including a transition metal (M) to enable reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium and molybdenum oxide. The positive electrode active material is coated with the molybdenum oxide to form a coating layer on a surface thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cathode for a lithium secondary battery, which has a coating layer formed on an edge portion of a cathode plate, a method of manufacturing the cathode, and a lithium secondary battery including the cathode. The cathode includes a cathode plate and a coating layer formed at an edge portion of the cathode plate, in which the cathode plate includes a cathode current collector provided with cathode tab and a cathode active material laminated on at least one surface of the cathode current collector, and the coating layer includes a conductive polymer layer and an insulating coating layer.

Abstract: It is introduced that a device of manufacturing lithium sulfate comprising: a reaction body in which a reaction of lithium phosphate and sulfuric acid is performed, the reaction body being divided into an upper space and a lower space; a pressurizer for applying pressure to the inside of the reaction body; a stirrer disposed in the upper space for stirring the lithium phosphate and sulfuric acid to produce a mixture containing lithium sulfate and phosphoric acid; and a filter disposed inside the reaction body and separating the filtrate containing the phosphoric acid into the lower space by filtering the mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for audio encoding/decoding that is robust against coding distortion in a transition section. An audio encoding method includes outputting a frequency domain signal by time-to-frequency (T/F) transform of an input signal, outputting a frequency domain residual signal in which a frequency axis envelope is removed from the frequency domain signal by applying frequency domain noise shaping (FDNS) encoding to the frequency domain signal, outputting a time domain residual signal in which a time axis envelope is removed by performing linear prediction coefficient (LPC) analysis based on the frequency domain residual signal, and quantizing and transmitting the time domain residual signal.

Abstract: An embodiment comprises: a housing; a bobbin, disposed in the housing, for mounting a lens; a first coil arranged on an outer circumferential surface of the bobbin; a magnet arranged in the housing; a second coil arranged in the housing; and a magnetic member, which is attached to the second coil and increases the strength of an induction voltage induced to the second coil by means of an interaction according to a movement of the first coil.

Abstract: A polarizing plate and an optical display including the same are provided. A polarizing plate includes: a polarizer; and a first protective layer and a second protective layer sequentially stacked on a surface of the polarizer, and the second protective layer includes a positive C retardation layer, the positive C retardation layer having a thickness of about 10 ?m or less, an index of refraction of about 1.50 to about 1.55, and a glass transition temperature (Tg) of about 150° C. to about 250° C.

Abstract: The objective of the present disclosure is to provide a method of expanding the sheath and bulk of plasma using dual high frequencies, in which the sheath and bulk of microwave-generated plasma are expanded. The method of expanding the sheath and bulk of plasma using dual high frequencies according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a generation step of generating plasma by a microwave plasma generator; and an expansion step of expanding the sheath and bulk of the plasma by applying a radio-frequency (RF) bias to a radio-frequency electrode disposed at a predetermined distance from the microwave plasma generator.

Abstract: The objective of the present disclosure is to provide a method of expanding the sheath and bulk of plasma using dual high frequencies, in which the sheath and bulk of microwave-generated plasma are expanded. The method of expanding the sheath and bulk of plasma using dual high frequencies according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a generation step of generating plasma by a microwave plasma generator; and an expansion step of expanding the sheath and bulk of the plasma by applying a radio-frequency (RF) bias to a radio-frequency electrode disposed at a predetermined distance from the microwave plasma generator.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a circuit device on a substrate and a first insulating interlayer on the substrate and covering the circuit device. An electrode structure extends through the first insulating interlayer and at least partially through the substrate. An etch-stop layer pattern is disposed on a sidewall of the electrode structure on a side of the first insulating layer opposite the substrate. A blocking layer pattern is disposed on the etch-stop layer pattern. The device further includes an interconnection structure including a via portion passing through the blocking layer pattern to contact the through electrode structure and a wiring portion on the via portion and having a different width than the via portion. The semiconductor device may further include a contact plug electrically connected to the circuit device through the first insulating interlayer. The contact plug and the through electrode structure may include different metals.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices including a protection pattern for reducing galvanic corrosion and methods of forming the semiconductor devices are provided. The semiconductor devices may include a substrate including a keep out zone (KOZ) and a plurality of interconnections, which may be disposed outside of the KOZ on the substrate. The semiconductor devices may also include a through silicon via (TSV) in the KOZ. The TSV may pass through the substrate. The semiconductor device may further include a protection pattern, which may be electrically insulated from the TSV, may be disposed in the KOZ and may include a different conductive material from the TSV. A lower end of the protection pattern may be disposed at a level higher than a lower end of the TSV.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a circuit device on a substrate and a first insulating interlayer on the substrate and covering the circuit device. An electrode structure extends through the first insulating interlayer and at least partially through the substrate. An etch-stop layer pattern is disposed on a sidewall of the electrode structure on a side of the first insulating layer opposite the substrate. A blocking layer pattern is disposed on the etch-stop layer pattern. The device further includes an interconnection structure including a via portion passing through the blocking layer pattern to contact the through electrode structure and a wiring portion on the via portion and having a different width than the via portion. The semiconductor device may further include a contact plug electrically connected to the circuit device through the first insulating interlayer. The contact plug and the through electrode structure may include different metals.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices including a protection pattern for reducing galvanic corrosion and methods of forming the semiconductor devices are provided. The semiconductor devices may include a substrate including a keep out zone (KOZ) and a plurality of interconnections, which may be disposed outside of the KOZ on the substrate. The semiconductor devices may also include a through silicon via (TSV) in the KOZ. The TSV may pass through the substrate. The semiconductor device may further include a protection pattern, which may be electrically insulated from the TSV, may be disposed in the KOZ and may include a different conductive material from the TSV. A lower end of the protection pattern may be disposed at a level higher than a lower end of the TSV.

Abstract: A method of detecting a bad servo track of an HDD includes measuring servo AGC of each of servo sectors of a servo track requiring determination of badness, calculating statistic data with respect to the measured servo AGC of each servo sector, and determining whether the servo track is bad based on the calculated statistic data. Since the badness of a servo track is determined based on the statistic data of the servo AGC, a bad servo track generated due to a change in the overall magnitude of a servo signal is easily detected so that reliability in the detection of a detective servo track can be improved.

Abstract: A pack sealing method and device in which a slit tubular member (16) is slidably fitted around a wrapped portion of a pack (8) (a bag or envelope made of a diverse material while having a diverse size and a diverse shape) formed as a portion of the pack (8) near an opening (4) of the pack (8) is wrapped around a rod member (14), in a state in which a diverse liquid, gaseous, and solid material or object is put into the pack (8) through the opening (4). The rod member (14?) is fixedly bonded to the inner or outer surface of the pack (8) or separate from the pack (8). Where the pack (8) is a zipper pack provided with a zipper, this zipper functions as the rod member.

Abstract: A pack sealing method and device in which a slit tubular member (16) is slidably fitted around a wrapped portion of a pack (8) (a bag or envelope made of a diverse material while having a diverse size and a diverse shape) formed as a portion of the pack (8) near an opening (4) of the pack (8) is wrapped around a rod member (14), in a state in which a diverse liquid, gaseous, and solid material or object is put into the pack (8) through the opening (4). The rod member (14?) is fixedly bonded to the inner or outer surface of the pack (8) or separate from the pack (8). Where the pack (8) is a zipper pack provided with a zipper, this zipper functions as the rod member.

Abstract: In a video stabilizing circuit for a display apparatus, the clamp levels of R, G and B chromatic signals are controlled by feeding back the output currents of respective R, G and B terminals so that real time responses can be made, as against the fluctuations of video output load, thereby obtaining high brightness displays. The circuit according to the present invention is characterized in that output currents of R, G and B terminals are fed back from video output sections to clamp level control sections. The potential of a cut-off control terminal of the video pre-amplifier is then varied in such a manner that, if the beam current sensed by the clamp level control section is large, the bias voltage of the chromatic signals is made small. If the beam current sensed by the clamp level control section is small, the bias voltage of the chromatic signals is made large. Therefore, during a high brightness display, fluctuations in the brightness of the high beams and low beams is reduced and display is improved.

Abstract: A sync signal reproducing circuit for a composite video signal, includes: a channel selector for receiving a first composite video signal and a second composite video signal output from a composite video signal input stage, and also receiving a composite video signal selection signal output from a microcomputer, to thereby selectively output the first and second composite video signals; a D-COM filter for receiving the composite video signal selected by the channel selector, and separately outputting its chrominance signal and luminance signal; and a chroma circuit for receiving the chrominance signal and luminance signal of the composite video signal output from the D-COM filter, and thus reproducing the chrominance signal and separating horizontal and vertical sync signals from the luminance signal.