Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a base package substrate, a first semiconductor chip, and a second semiconductor chip. The base package substrate includes a redistribution region where a redistribution layer is provided, a plurality of vertical conductive vias connected to the redistribution layer, and a recess region recessed from an upper surface of the redistribution region. The base package substrate further includes an interposer in the recess region, the interposer comprising a substrate, a plurality of upper pads disposed at an upper surface of the substrate, and plurality of through electrodes respectively connected to the plurality of upper pads to pass through the substrate. The first semiconductor chip and second semiconductor chip, each include a plurality of conductive interconnection terminals respectively connected to the plurality of upper pads and the vertical conductive vias exposed at the upper surface of the redistribution region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of purifying a botulinum toxin comprising (a) pre-treating a culture solution containing a botulinum toxin, (b) purifying the pre-treated botulinum toxin using cation exchange chromatography, (c) purifying the botulinum toxin using hydrophobic chromatography, and (d) purifying the botulinum toxin using anion exchange chromatography. The method is capable of purifying a botulinum toxin with high purity and activity and is thus useful for botulinum toxin production.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of purifying a botulinum toxin including (a) pre-treating a culture solution containing a botulinum toxin, (b) purifying the pre-treated botulinum toxin using anion exchange chromatography and (c) purifying the botulinum toxin using cation exchange chromatography. The method is capable of purifying a botulinum toxin with high purity and activity using a simple process including anion exchange chromatography and cation exchange chromatography, and is thus useful for botulinum toxin production.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for correcting a marking position, in which, by measuring and correcting a marking position by using a processing film for position correction, marking may be accurately performed on a position on a semiconductor chip during a marking operation, before a marking operation is performed on semiconductor chips provided on a wafer. The apparatus for correcting a marking position of a wafer includes a support configured to support a processing film for position correction, a laser head configured to emit a laser beam to the processing film for position correction to form a pattern, a vision camera configured to obtain pattern position information, a movable table configured to move the support in a horizontal direction, and a controller configured to compare and match the pattern position information and marking position information set in the laser head.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes a heat exchanger including a refrigerant tube, a fin assembly, and a fan assembly located at an upper portion of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger adjacent to the fan assembly and a second heat exchanger under the first heat exchanger. A density of a fin assembly at the first heat exchanger is larger than that of a fin assembly at the second heat exchanger. The heat exchanger may include a plurality of layers with a refrigerant introduced into each of inlet pipes of the heat exchanger flowing evenly at each of the layers. The refrigerant to be discharged to each of outlet pipes is discharged at the same temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an air conditioner. The air conditioner includes an outdoor unit having a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a flowpath switching valve disposed on a refrigerant flowpath between the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger, a plurality of indoor units configured to operate in a cooling mode or in a heating mode, a mode controller configured to selectively guide refrigerant received from the outdoor unit to the plurality of indoor units. The mode controller guiding the refrigerant through one or more of: a first refrigerant pipe extending from the flowpath switching valve to the mode control unit, a second refrigerant pipe extending from the flowpath switching valve and diverging to the outdoor heat exchanger, and to the mode control unit, and a third refrigerant pipe extending from the outdoor heat exchanger to the mode controller.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for correcting a marking position, in which, by measuring and correcting a marking position by using a processing film for position correction, marking may be accurately performed on a position on a semiconductor chip during a marking operation, before a marking operation is performed on semiconductor chips provided on a wafer. The apparatus for correcting a marking position of a wafer includes a support configured to support a processing film for position correction, a laser head configured to emit a laser beam to the processing film for position correction to form a pattern, a vision camera configured to obtain pattern position information, a movable table configured to move the support in a horizontal direction, and a controller configured to compare and match the pattern position information and marking position information set in the laser head.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a light emitting module, a driver, a wireless communication module, and a signal converter. The light emitting module includes light emitting elements and an antenna pattern. The light emitting elements are mounted on a first surface of a circuit board. The antenna pattern is in the first surface or a second surface of the circuit board. The driver sets current applied to the light emitting elements based on control data including current setting information. The control data is wirelessly received through the antenna pattern from an external user terminal. The light emitting module includes a wireless communication module directly connected to the antenna pattern to receive the control data, and a signal converter to convert the control data to a control signal and provide the control signal to the driver.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an air conditioner. The air conditioner includes an outdoor unit having a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a flowpath switching valve disposed on a refrigerant flowpath between the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger, a plurality of indoor units configured to operate in a cooling mode or in a heating mode, a mode controller configured to selectively guide refrigerant received from the outdoor unit to the plurality of indoor units. The mode controller guiding the refrigerant through one or more of: a first refrigerant pipe extending from the flowpath switching valve to the mode control unit, a second refrigerant pipe extending from the flowpath switching valve and diverging to the outdoor heat exchanger, and to the mode control unit, and a third refrigerant pipe extending from the outdoor heat exchanger to the mode controller.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) driving apparatus includes: a first circuit connected to a primary winding of a transformer, and configured to receive input power and transfer the input power to the primary winding of the transformer; a second circuit connected to a secondary winding of the transformer to generate output power for driving a plurality of LEDs; and a controller including a control circuit configured to control the second circuit, and a power detection circuit configured to compare a magnitude of the input power with a predetermined reference power magnitude range, and transmit a control command to the control circuit in response to determining that the magnitude of the input power is outside the predetermined reference power magnitude range.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) driving apparatus driving an LED module includes: a first output circuit configured to supply a first driving current to a first LED array; a second output circuit configured to supply a second driving current to a second LED array; and a controller configured to transmit a first control signal and a second control signal respectively to the first output circuit and the second output circuit, wherein the controller is further configured to control the LED module based on the first input signal so that a color temperature of the LED module has a value between a first color temperature and a second color temperature, to control brightness of the LED module based on the second input signal, and includes a lookup table including information about the first control signal and the second control signal respectively corresponding to the first input signal and the second input signal.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) driving apparatus driving an LED module includes: a first output circuit configured to supply a first driving current to a first LED array; a second output circuit configured to supply a second driving current to a second LED array; and a controller configured to transmit a first control signal and a second control signal respectively to the first output circuit and the second output circuit, wherein the controller is further configured to control the LED module based on the first input signal so that a color temperature of the LED module has a value between a first color temperature and a second color temperature, to control brightness of the LED module based on the second input signal, and includes a lookup table including information about the first control signal and the second control signal respectively corresponding to the first input signal and the second input signal.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a light emitting module, a driver, a wireless communication module, and a signal converter. The light emitting module includes light emitting elements and an antenna pattern. The light emitting elements are mounted on a first surface of a circuit board. The antenna pattern is in the first surface or a second surface of the circuit board. The driver sets current applied to the light emitting elements based on control data including current setting information. The control data is wirelessly received through the antenna pattern from an external user terminal. The light emitting module includes a wireless communication module directly connected to the antenna pattern to receive the control data, and a signal converter to convert the control data to a control signal and provide the control signal to the driver.

Abstract: An outdoor unit of an air conditioner is provided. The outdoor unit may include a compressor for compressing a refrigerant; a condenser for condensing the refrigerant discharged from the compressor; a control device for containing electronic parts to control the outdoor unit; and a cooling unit in contact with a heat generating part of the electronic parts to cool the heat generating part, wherein the cooling unit comprises a first heat radiation member installed to be in contact with the heat generating part; a refrigerant pipe extending through the first heat radiation member and enabling a refrigerant to flow through the refrigerant pipe; and a second heat radiation member coupled with the first heat radiation member for heat transfer and installed to be in contact with air flowing into the control device.

Abstract: A lighting system includes a plurality of lighting devices including a controller transmitting and receiving data by using near field communications (NFC) The lighting system further includes a control device that collects identification information for the plurality of respective lighting devices through the NFC communications before the plurality of lighting devices are installed. The control device also generates settings data to control the plurality of lighting devices, based on the identification information, and then transmits the generated settings data to the plurality of respective lighting devices.

Abstract: A lighting system includes a plurality of lighting devices including a controller transmitting and receiving data by using near field communications (NFC) The lighting system further includes a control device that collects identification information for the plurality of respective lighting devices through the NFC communications before the plurality of lighting devices are installed. The control device also generates settings data to control the plurality of lighting devices, based on the identification information, and then transmits the generated settings data to the plurality of respective lighting devices.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) driving apparatus includes: a first circuit connected to a primary winding of a transformer, and configured to receive input power and transfer the input power to the primary winding of the transformer; a second circuit connected to a secondary winding of the transformer to generate output power for driving a plurality of LEDs; and a controller including a control circuit configured to control the second circuit, and a power detection circuit configured to compare a magnitude of the input power with a predetermined reference power magnitude range, and transmit a control command to the control circuit in response to determining that the magnitude of the input power is outside the predetermined reference power magnitude range.

Abstract: A lighting system includes a plurality of lighting devices including a controller transmitting and receiving data by using near field communications (NFC) The lighting system further includes a control device that collects identification information for the plurality of respective lighting devices through the NFC communications before the plurality of lighting devices are installed. The control device also generates settings data to control the plurality of lighting devices, based on the identification information, and then transmits the generated settings data to the plurality of respective lighting devices.

Abstract: An air conditioner is provided that includes a heat exchanger including a refrigerant tube, a fin assembly, and a fan assembly located at an upper portion of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger adjacent to the fan assembly and a second heat exchanger under the first heat exchanger. A density of a fin assembly at the first heat exchanger is larger than that of a fin assembly at the second heat exchanger. Performance of the air conditioner may be enhanced using different types of heat exchangers. The heat exchanger may include a plurality of layers with a refrigerant introduced into each of inlet pipes of the heat exchanger flowing evenly at each of the layers. The refrigerant to be discharged to each of outlet pipes is discharged at the same temperature. Thus, cooling and warming performance of the air conditioner may be enhanced.

Abstract: An outdoor unit of an air conditioner is provided. The outdoor unit may include a compressor for compressing a refrigerant; a condenser for condensing the refrigerant discharged from the compressor; a control device for containing electronic parts to control the outdoor unit; and a cooling unit in contact with a heat generating part of the electronic parts to cool the heat generating part, wherein the cooling unit comprises a first heat radiation member installed to be in contact with the heat generating part; a refrigerant pipe extending through the first heat radiation member and enabling a refrigerant to flow through the refrigerant pipe; and a second heat radiation member coupled with the first heat radiation member for heat transfer and installed to be in contact with air flowing into the control device.