Abstract: A hybrid electric toothbrush includes: a toothbrush body (100) having an internal space; a toothbrush head (200) vibrating while being coupled to the upper portion of the toothbrush body (100) to generate microcurrents; a hybrid providing part (300) built into the toothbrush body (100) and transmitting vibration to the toothbrush head (200) to form a magnetic field; and a toothbrush cradle (400) docking the toothbrush body (100) to store the toothbrush body (100) and providing charging power to the hybrid providing part (300).

Abstract: A method of forming a piezoelectric actuator on a vibration plate to provide a driving force to each of a plurality of pressure chambers includes forming a lower electrode on the vibration plate, forming a piezoelectric layer on the lower electrode at a position corresponding to each of the pressure chambers, forming a supporting pad on the lower electrode, the supporting pad contacting one end of the piezoelectric layer and extending away from the one end of the piezoelectric layer, forming an upper electrode extending from a top surface of the piezoelectric layer to a top surface of the supporting pad, and bonding the upper electrode to a driving circuit above the supporting pad to receive a voltage from the driving circuit.

Abstract: A piezoelectric inkjet printhead includes a manifold, a chamber array including a plurality of chambers in connection with the manifold and arranged along at least one side of the manifold, a vibrating plate to cover the plurality of chambers, and a plurality of piezoelectric actuators formed on the vibrating plate to change pressures of corresponding ones of the plurality of chambers by vibrating the vibrating plate. The plurality of chambers includes a plurality of pressure chambers disposed in a center portion of the chamber array and having corresponding ink ejecting nozzles, and at least two dummy chambers, one disposed on each side of the chamber array and having corresponding dummy nozzles that do not eject ink. A plurality of trenches may be formed in the vibrating plate between each of the piezoelectric actuators.

Abstract: A nozzle plate of an inkjet printhead, and a method of manufacturing the nozzle plate. The nozzle plate includes a substrate through which nozzles are formed; an ink-philic coating layer formed on an outer surface of the substrate and inner walls of the nozzles; and an ink-phobic coating layer selectively formed on the ink-philic coating layer disposed around the nozzles.

Abstract: A method of forming a hydrophobic coating layer on a surface of a nozzle plate of an inkjet printhead includes forming a plurality of nozzles in the nozzle plate, each of the nozzles having an exit, stacking a film on the surface of the nozzle plate to cover the exit of each of the nozzles, forming a predetermined metal layer on an inner wall of each of the nozzles and an inner surface of the film covering the exit of each of the nozzles using a plating method, removing the film from the surface of the nozzle plate, forming a hydrophobic coating layer on the surface of the nozzle plate to cover the metal layer exposed through the exit of each of the nozzles, and removing the metal layer formed on the inner wall of each of the nozzles and the hydrophobic coating layer formed on the surface of the metal layer.

Abstract: A method of forming a hydrophobic coating layer on a surface of a nozzle plate of an inkjet printhead includes forming a plurality of nozzles in the nozzle plate, each of the nozzles having an exit, stacking a film on the surface of the nozzle plate to cover the exit of each of the nozzles, forming a predetermined metal layer on an inner wall of each of the nozzles and an inner surface of the film covering the exit of each of the nozzles using a plating method, removing the film from the surface of the nozzle plate, forming a hydrophobic coating layer on the surface of the nozzle plate to cover the metal layer exposed through the exit of each of the nozzles, and removing the metal layer formed on the inner wall of each of the nozzles and the hydrophobic coating layer formed on the surface of the metal layer.

Abstract: An inkjet head includes an ink chamber, a pressure chamber and a piezoelectric member. The ink chamber includes an ink storage area storing ink, a plurality of dampers filled with the ink to be discharged, and a plurality of nozzles connected to the dampers and discharging the ink. The pressure chamber is disposed on the ink chamber, overlapping at least two of the plurality of dampers, and includes a pressure transmitting medium. The piezoelectric member is disposed on the pressure chamber. The ink is discharged from the nozzles in substantially a same amount through control of a single piezoelectric member at one time.

Abstract: A nozzle plate of an inkjet printhead, and a method of manufacturing the nozzle plate. The nozzle plate includes a substrate through which nozzles are formed; an ink-philic coating layer formed on an outer surface of the substrate and inner walls of the nozzles; and an ink-phobic coating layer selectively formed on the ink-philic coating layer disposed around the nozzles.

Abstract: A piezoelectric ink-jet printhead and a method for manufacturing the same, wherein the piezoelectric ink-jet printhead is formed by stacking three monocrystalline silicon substrates on one another and adhering them to one another. The three substrates include an upper substrate, through which an ink supply hole is formed and a pressure chamber is formed on a bottom surface thereof; an intermediate substrate, in which an ink reservoir and a damper are formed; and a lower substrate, in which a nozzle is formed. A piezoelectric actuator is monolithically formed on the upper substrate. A restrictor, which connects the ink reservoir to the pressure chamber in flow communication, may be formed on the upper substrate or intermediate substrate.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator includes a first electrode layer, a piezoelectric layer and a second electrode layer. The first electrode layer is formed on a vibration plate. The piezoelectric layer is formed on the first electrode layer, the piezoelectric layer comprising piezoelectric particles formed on the surface of a self-assembled monolayer. The second electrode layer is formed on the piezoelectric layer to face the first electrode layer. Thus, a self-assembled monolayer is formed, so that the piezoelectric characteristics of a piezoelectric layer and/or the stiffness of the piezoelectric layer may be increased. Thus, piezoelectric characteristics of the piezoelectric actuator may be enhanced, and the required voltage, which is required to realize a proper deformation amount of the piezoelectric actuator, may be decreased. Moreover, the stiffness of the piezoelectric actuator may be increased, so that the vibration remaining at the piezoelectric actuator may be minimized even though the driving is finished.

Abstract: A piezoelectric inkjet printhead includes a manifold, a chamber array including a plurality of chambers in connection with the manifold and arranged along at least one side of the manifold, a vibrating plate to cover the plurality of chambers, and a plurality of piezoelectric actuators formed on the vibrating plate to change pressures of corresponding ones of the plurality of chambers by vibrating the vibrating plate. The plurality of chambers includes a plurality of pressure chambers disposed in a center portion of the chamber array and having corresponding ink ejecting nozzles, and at least two dummy chambers, one disposed on each side of the chamber array and having corresponding dummy nozzles that do not eject ink. A plurality of trenches may be formed in the vibrating plate between each of the piezoelectric actuators.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator of an inkjet head and a method of forming the piezoelectric actuator. The piezoelectric actuator is formed on a vibration plate to provide a driving force to each of a plurality of pressure chambers. The piezoelectric actuator includes a lower electrode formed on the vibration plate, a piezoelectric layer formed on the lower electrode at a position corresponding to each of the pressure chambers, a supporting pad formed on the lower electrode, the supporting pad contacting one end of the piezoelectric layer and extending away from the one end of the piezoelectric layer, and an upper electrode extending from a top surface of the piezoelectric layer to a top surface of the supporting pad. The upper electrode is bonded to a driving circuit above the supporting pad to receive a voltage from the driving circuit. The piezoelectric layer may have substantially the same length as the pressure chamber.

Abstract: A method to form a thick layer by screen printing and a method to form a piezoelectric actuator of an inkjet head. The method to form the thick layer including forming a guide groove in a surface to a predetermined depth, and forming the thick layer by applying a material to the surface inside the guide groove through screen printing. The method to form the piezoelectric actuator including forming an insulating layer on a top surface of a vibration plate and forming a guide groove in the top surface of the vibration plate or an insulating layer to a predetermined depth at a position corresponding to each of a plurality of pressure chambers, forming a lower electrode on the top surface of the insulating layer; forming a piezoelectric layer inside the guide groove by screen printing, and forming an upper electrode on a top surface of the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: A method to form a thick layer by screen printing and a method to form a piezoelectric actuator of an inkjet head. The method to form the thick layer including forming a guide groove in a surface to a predetermined depth, and forming the thick layer by applying a material to the surface inside the guide groove through screen printing. The method to form the piezoelectric actuator including forming an insulating layer on a top surface of a vibration plate and forming a guide groove in the top surface of the vibration plate or an insulating layer to a predetermined depth at a position corresponding to each of a plurality of pressure chambers, forming a lower electrode on the top surface of the insulating layer; forming a piezoelectric layer inside the guide groove by screen printing, and forming an upper electrode on a top surface of the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: A piezoelectric inkjet printhead includes a manifold, a chamber array including a plurality of chambers in connection with the manifold and arranged along at least one side of the manifold, a vibrating plate to cover the plurality of chambers, and a plurality of piezoelectric actuators formed on the vibrating plate to change pressures of corresponding ones of the plurality of chambers by vibrating the vibrating plate. The plurality of chambers includes a plurality of pressure chambers disposed in a center portion of the chamber array and having corresponding ink ejecting nozzles, and at least two dummy chambers, one disposed on each side of the chamber array and having corresponding dummy nozzles that do not eject ink. A plurality of trenches may be formed in the vibrating plate between each of the piezoelectric actuators.

Abstract: An actuating device is provided, which includes a deformable membrane, walls formed on the membrane to define cavities, rods formed within the cavities, and on the surface of the membrane on one side with reference to a cavity center, to move in association with the deformation of the membrane, and an actuating unit formed on a lower side of the membrane to be piezoelectrically driven to deform the membrane. The actuating device is applicable to miniaturized electronic devices and can actuate the function modules appropriately.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator of an inkjet head and a method of forming the piezoelectric actuator. The piezoelectric actuator is formed on a vibration plate to provide a driving force to each of a plurality of pressure chambers. The piezoelectric actuator includes a lower electrode formed on the vibration plate, a piezoelectric layer formed on the lower electrode at a position corresponding to each of the pressure chambers, a supporting pad formed on the lower electrode, the supporting pad contacting one end of the piezoelectric layer and extending away from the one end of the piezoelectric layer, and an upper electrode extending from a top surface of the piezoelectric layer to a top surface of the supporting pad. The upper electrode is bonded to a driving circuit above the supporting pad to receive a voltage from the driving circuit. The piezoelectric layer may have substantially the same length as the pressure chamber.

Abstract: In a piezoelectric actuator for an ink-jet printhead, and a method of forming the same, formed on a flow path plate having a pressurizing chamber, the piezoelectric actuator for applying a driving force for ink ejection to the pressurizing chamber, the piezoelectric actuator includes a lower electrode formed on the flow path plate, a bonding pad formed on the flow path plate to be insulated from the lower electrode, wherein a driving circuit for voltage application is bonded to an upper surface of the bonding pad, a piezoelectric layer formed on the lower electrode at a position corresponding to the pressurizing chamber, wherein an end of the piezoelectric layer extends onto the bonding pad, and an upper electrode formed on the piezoelectric layer, wherein an end of the upper electrode extends beyond the end of the piezoelectric layer and contacts the upper surface of the bonding pad.

Abstract: A method to form a thick layer by screen printing and a method to form a piezoelectric actuator of an inkjet head. The method to form the thick layer including forming a guide groove in a surface to a predetermined depth, and forming the thick layer by applying a material to the surface inside the guide groove through screen printing. The method to form the piezoelectric actuator including forming an insulating layer on a top surface of a vibration plate and forming a guide groove in the top surface of the vibration plate or an insulating layer to a predetermined depth at a position corresponding to each of a plurality of pressure chambers, forming a lower electrode on the top surface of the insulating layer; forming a piezoelectric layer inside the guide groove by screen printing, and forming an upper electrode on a top surface of the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: A method of forming a piezoelectric actuator of an inkjet head formed on a vibrating plate to provide a driving power for ejecting ink to each of pressure chambers is provided. The method includes forming a lower electrode on a vibrating plate, forming a piezoelectric layer on the lower electrode to be located above each of pressure chambers, forming a protecting layer covering the lower electrode and the piezoelectric layer, exposing an upper surface of the piezoelectric layer by decreasing a thickness of the protecting layer and the piezoelectric layer, forming an upper electrode on the upper surface of the piezoelectric layer, removing the protecting layer. According to the present invention, since the piezoelectric layer having a flat upper surface is formed in uniform figure, area and thickness of the upper electrode formed thereon is uniformly controlled.