Abstract: The inventive concept provides a substrate treating method. The substrate treating method includes supplying a liquid to a substrate; and heating the substrate after the supplying the liquid, and wherein the supplying the liquid includes: supplying a first liquid to the substrate; and supplying a second liquid which is different from the first liquid to a substrate to which the first liquid is supplied, and wherein the second liquid is supplied as a test to the substrate and a contact angle between the second liquid which is supplied and the substrate is measured to determine a degree of hydrophilization of the substrate, and a supply mechanism of the second liquid supplied to the substrate is determined based on the degree of hydrophilization of the substrate which is determined, before the supplying the second liquid is performed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a three-dimensional reconstructing method of a 2D medical image. A three-dimensional reconstructing device includes: a communicator for receiving sequential 2D images with an arbitrary slice gap; a sliced image generator for generating at least one sliced image positioned between the 2D images based on a feature point of the adjacent 2D images; and a controller for reconstructing the 2D image into a 3D image by use of the generated sliced image and providing the 3D image.

Abstract: Provided is an encoding apparatus including a memory configured to store instructions and a processor electrically connected to the memory and configured to execute the instructions, wherein the processor may be configured to perform a plurality of operations, when the instructions are executed by the processor, wherein the plurality of operations may include obtaining an input audio signal, generating an embedded audio signal by embedding signal components of a second frequency band of the input audio signal in a first frequency band of the input audio signal, generating additional information associated with the first frequency band and the second frequency band, generating an encoded audio signal by encoding the embedded audio signal, and formatting the encoded audio signal and the additional information into a bitstream.

Abstract: A polyimide precursor monomer having an E value of 2.0 or more calculated by Equation 1 is selected among polyimide raw materials. A polyimide includes a structural unit derived from the polyimide precursor monomer having the E value of 2.0 or more. Optical properties of a polyimide film formed from the polyimide can be improved, and the optical properties of a polyimide film can be predicted from the E value of the polyimide precursor monomer even before production of the polyimide film.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for extracting a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 from ginseng, including anaerobic natural fermentation of ginseng, an anaerobic-naturally fermented ginseng extract including the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 extracted by the method, and a method of enhancing the skin barrier including applying a composition including an effective amount of the anaerobic-naturally fermented ginseng extract. In Chemical Formula 1, each substituent is as defined in the specification.

Abstract: One or more embodiments provides a mask assembly including a frame defining an opening, a mask stick above the frame, extending in a first direction, defining through-holes, and including pattern areas that include one or more first non-hole portions in which no through-hole exists, and one or more second non-hole portions in which no through-hole exists, and a first support stick between the frame and the mask stick, extending in a second direction crossing the first direction, and overlapping the one or more second non-hole portions.

Abstract: A server includes a communication device and a controller. The communication device receives information about whether a destination is set from a vehicle. The controller sets a radio signal recommendation scheme based on whether the destination is set, determines whether a recommended radio signal recommended in a set recommendation scheme is applicable, and transmits a radio signal recommendation list generated based on a determination result. A vehicle receives the radio signal recommendation list from the server when a strength of the received radio signal is less than a specified value, compares a strength of at least one radio signal included in the radio signal recommendation list with the strength of the received radio signal, and determines whether to receive the recommended radio signal based on the comparison result.

Abstract: A server includes a communication device and a controller. The communication device receives information about whether a destination is set from a vehicle. The controller sets a radio signal recommendation scheme based on whether the destination is set, determines whether a recommended radio signal recommended in a set recommendation scheme is applicable, and transmits a radio signal recommendation list generated based on a determination result. A vehicle receives the radio signal recommendation list from the server when a strength of the received radio signal is less than a specified value, compares a strength of at least one radio signal included in the radio signal recommendation list with the strength of the received radio signal, and determines whether to receive the recommended radio signal based on the comparison result.

Abstract: A vehicle terminal system for processing a message includes: a portable device for receiving the message; and a vehicle terminal for analyzing a text of the message received from the portable device to yield an analysis result, and for determining a recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result. Thus, the vehicle terminal does not output pop-up images for all messages received from the portable device and recommends a message suitable for the user.

Abstract: A destination recommending apparatus includes: a navigation device configured to collect driving pattern information of a user; and a controller configured to calculate a visit probability of a destination at a current location or the visit probability of the destination at a current time, based on the driving pattern information. The controller is configured to predict the destination based on the visit probability.

Abstract: A server includes a communication device and a controller. The communication device receives information about whether a destination is set from a vehicle. The controller sets a radio signal recommendation scheme based on whether the destination is set, determines whether a recommended radio signal recommended in a set recommendation scheme is applicable, and transmits a radio signal recommendation list generated based on a determination result. A vehicle receives the radio signal recommendation list from the server when a strength of the received radio signal is less than a specified value, compares a strength of at least one radio signal included in the radio signal recommendation list with the strength of the received radio signal, and determines whether to receive the recommended radio signal based on the comparison result.

Abstract: A vehicle system includes: a server configured to set a radio signal recommendation scheme based on whether a destination is set, determine whether a radio signal recommended in the set recommendation scheme is applicable, and transmit a radio signal recommendation list generated based on a determination result; and a vehicle configured to receive a radio signal. The vehicle receives the radio signal recommendation list from the server when a strength of the received radio signal is less than a specified value, compares a strength of at least one radio signal included in the radio signal recommendation list with the strength of the received radio signal, and determines whether to receive the recommended radio signal based on the comparison result.

Abstract: A device for processing a voice command for a vehicle includes: a communication module to transmit a voice command received from a user to a voice recognition server, and to receive a recognized voice command from the voice recognition server; a controller identifying objects displayed on a screen of a touch display, and classifying the recognized voice command into a control command and a touch-based command; a control command processing module to perform a control operation corresponding to the control command; and a touch-based command processing module for selecting an object corresponding to the touch-based command from the touch display.

Abstract: A destination recommending apparatus includes: a navigation device configured to collect driving pattern information of a user; and a controller configured to calculate a visit probability of a destination at a current location or the visit probability of the destination at a current time, based on the driving pattern information. The controller is configured to predict the destination based on the visit probability.

Abstract: A vehicle terminal system for processing a message includes: a portable device for receiving the message; and a vehicle terminal for analyzing a text of the message received from the portable device to yield an analysis result, and for determining a recommended operation corresponding to the analysis result. Thus, the vehicle terminal does not output pop-up images for all messages received from the portable device and recommends a message suitable for the user.

Abstract: A vehicle system includes: a server configured to set a radio signal recommendation scheme based on whether a destination is set, determine whether a radio signal recommended in the set recommendation scheme is applicable, and transmit a radio signal recommendation list generated based on a determination result; and a vehicle configured to receive a radio signal. The vehicle receives the radio signal recommendation list from the server when a strength of the received radio signal is less than a specified value, compares a strength of at least one radio signal included in the radio signal recommendation list with the strength of the received radio signal, and determines whether to receive the recommended radio signal based on the comparison result.

Abstract: A device for processing a voice command for a vehicle includes: a communication module to transmit a voice command received from a user to a voice recognition server, and to receive a recognized voice command from the voice recognition server; a controller identifying objects displayed on a screen of a touch display, and classifying the recognized voice command into a control command and a touch-based command; a control command processing module to perform a control operation corresponding to the control command; and a touch-based command processing module for selecting an object corresponding to the touch-based command from the touch display.

Abstract: A voice command processing system and a method are provided. The system includes a vehicle terminal configured to receive a voice signal via a microphone and separating and outputting a speech signal of each talker from the voice signal and a server configured to recognize a command for each talker by performing a speech recognition of the speech signal of each talker and analyzing an intention of the command for each talker to provide the vehicle terminal with an analysis result. The vehicle terminal performs an operation corresponding to the command for each talker based on the analysis result.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline polyester for film having small linear expansibility and high flexibility is provided. The polyester may have structural units —O—Ar1-CO—, —NH—Ar2-X—, —CO—Ar3-CO— and —CO—Ar4-Z-Ar5-CO— wherein Ar1 represents 1,4-phenylene, 2,6-naphthylene or 4,4?-biphenylene, Ar2 represents 1,4-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene, X represents —O— or —NH—, Ar3 represents 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene or 2,6-naphthylene, Ar4 and Ar5 independently represent 1,4-phenylene, 2,6-naphthylene or 4,4?-biphenylene, and Z represents —O—, —SO2— or —CO—, in which the amount of monomer (1) is 30-80% by mol, the amount of monomer (2) is 10-35% by mol, the total amount of monomers (3) and (4) is 10-35% by mol and the amount of monomer (4) is 1% by mol or larger.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline polyester for film having small linear expansibility and high flexibility is provided. The polyester may have structural units —O—Ar1-CO—, —NH—Ar2-X—, —CO—Ar3-CO— and —CO—Ar4-Z-Ar5-CO— wherein Ar1 represents 1,4-phenylene, 2,6-naphthylene or 4,4?-biphenylene, Ar2 represents 1,4-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene, X represents —O— or —NH—, Ar3 represents 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene or 2,6-naphthylene, Ar4 and Ar5 independently represent 1,4-phenylene, 2,6-naphthylene or 4,4°-biphenylene, and Z represents —O—, —SO2— or —C—, in which the amount of monomer (1) is 30-80% by mol, the amount of monomer (2) is 10-35% by mol, the total amount of monomers (3) and (4) is 10-35% by mol and the amount of monomer (4) is 1% by mol or larger.