Abstract: Wireless power transfer systems and methods for focusing wireless power transfer arrays are disclosed. One embodiment includes a wireless power generating unit (GU) including a processing system configured to focus the RF power sources by: sending control signals to the control circuitry to perform a plurality of sweeps using each of a plurality of different basis masks; receiving a message from a RU containing a report based upon received power measurements made by the RU; and sending control signals to focus the RF power sources based on the received message from the RU. Furthermore, each sweep includes performing a phase sweep across a phase sweep range at a plurality of phase step increments with respect to a first group of RF power sources identified in a basis mask, where the first group of RF power sources comprises a plurality of RF power sources.

Abstract: A Doppler sensing system includes, in part, at least one transmit antenna, a processor configured to cause the transmit antenna to transmit signals during M repeating cycles of a sequence, and a receiver configured to receive reflections of the signals generated by the transmit antenna. For each cycle, the transmit antenna is set to N different transmit settings each during a different one of N time periods to generate N different signals. The sequence may be uniform or non-uniform. The N time periods may be substantially similar. The transmitter may be set at least twice to at least one of the N settings during each cycle. The receiver optionally includes, in part, a first frequency downconverter adapted to generate in-phase (I) signals and a second frequency downconverter adapted to generate quadrature-phase (Q) signals. The processor generates the I and Q signals from the signals the processor receives from the receiver.

Abstract: A wireless power delivery system includes, in part, a roaming and articulating wireless power transfer device. The roaming and articulating wireless power device includes, in part, a wireless power generation unit, an energy storage unit, a controller, and an electrically driven moving platform. The device further includes, in part, at least one RF transmitter or an array of RF transmitters adapted to radiate RF signals at the same frequency. The controller is adapted to control the phase of each RF transmitter independently. The array of RF transmitters may be foldable and expandable. The moving platform may include an inertia measurement, a GPS, bump sensors and proximity sensors. The device may further include a camera, and a wireless communication link via which the device establishes a two-way communication with a recovery unit being wirelessly powered.

Abstract: A delay locked-loop includes, in part, a phase/frequency detector responsive to a reference clock signal, a charge pump responsive to the phase/frequency detector, a variable delay line responsive to an output of the charge pump to cause a delay in the reference clock signal thereby to generate an internal clock signal, and a controlled delay line that includes a multitude of fixed delay cells. The controlled delay line causes the internal clock signal to be delayed by a delay across one of the multitude of fixed delay cells in response to the output of the charge pump. The controlled delay line generates the output clock signal of the delay-locked loop. The delay locked-loop may further include an overflow detector configured to cause the selection of one of the multitude of fixed delays in response to the output of the charge pump.

Abstract: An antenna includes, in part, first and second flexible boards separated from one another by air/vacuum gap dielectric. The first flexible board includes a radiating patch and a foldable, collapsible, and deployable feed transition. The second flexible board includes a ground layer and a transmission line. The feed transition is adapted to deliver an RF signal to the radiating patch from the transmission line. By pressing forward the first flexible board, the feed transition folds towards the second flexible board thereby causing the first flexible board to collapse onto the second flexible board. The feed transition may be tapered. The antenna may further include an interdigital capacitor having a first multitude of metal fingers connected to the radiating patch and a second multitude of metal fingers connected to the tapered section of the feed transition.

Abstract: A camera includes, in part, an optical signal source generating a frequency varying optical signal, a multitude of pixels arranged along rows and columns, an optical focusing element, and an opto-electronic circuit. A portion of the optical signal generated by the optical signal is caused to reflect from a target object and then directed toward the pixels. A multitude of samples of a second portion of the optical signal are combined with the signals received by the pixels to generate a multitude of combined optical signals. The optical signals so combined are converted to electrical signals. Each electrical signal has a frequency defined by a difference between a frequency of the second portion of the optical signal and a frequency of a signal received from a pixel. The frequency differences are used to form an image of the target object.

Abstract: An optical phased array includes, in part, a multitude of receiving elements arranged along N rows and M columns, and a controller configured to activate a first subset of the receiving elements during a first time interval to capture first data representative of a first image of a target, to activate a second subset of the receiving elements during a second time interval to capture second data representative of a second image of the target, and to combine the first and second data to generate the image of the target. The first and second subsets may share common receiving elements. The controller may be further configured to compute an average of the first and second data to generate the image of the target. The first subset may represent a subset of the M columns.

Abstract: A photonics sensing system includes, in part, first and second multipath integrated optical networks, an optical radiator, and an optical receiver. The first multipath integrated optical network includes, in part, N optical delay elements each supplying one of N delayed optical signals of a received optical pulse, N optical modules each supplying a portion of a different one of the N delayed optical signals, and an optical combiner adapted to combine the N delayed portions to generate a modulated optical signal. The smallest of the N delays is smaller than a width of the received optical pulse. The optical radiator is adapted to radiate the modulated optical signal. The optical receiver is adapted to receive a reflection of the transmitted signal. The second multipath integrated optical network is adapted to demodulate the reflected signal received by the optical receiver.

Abstract: An optical phase shifter includes, in part, a waveguide, a heating element adapted to heat the waveguide, and a cooling element adapted to cool the waveguide. The heating element may be integrated within a substrate in which the waveguide is formed. The cooling element is biased to maintain the temperature of the waveguide within a predefined range characterized by a substantially high gradient of the thermal constant of the waveguide. The optical phase shifter may optionally include a substrate on which the waveguide is positioned. The substrate may include, in part, through substrate vias for supplying electrical signals to the cooling element. A control circuit supplies electrical signals to the heating and cooling elements. The control circuit may maintain the cooling element and heating element on concurrently. Alternatively, the control circuit may turn off the cooling element before turning on the heating element.

Abstract: An optical gyroscope includes, in part, an optical switch, a pair of optical rings and a pair of photodetectors. The optical switch supplies a laser beam. The first optical ring delivers a first portion of the beam in a clockwise direction during the first half of a period, and a first portion of the beam in a counter clockwise direction during the second half of the period. The second optical ring delivers a second portion of the beam in a counter clockwise direction during the first half of the period, and a second portion of the beam in a clockwise direction during the second half of the period. The first photodetector receives the beams delivered by the first and second optical rings during the first half of the period. The second photodetector receives the beams delivered by the first and second optical rings during the second half of the period.

Abstract: Many embodiments of the invention include stacked power amplifier configurations that include control circuitry for sensing the operational characteristics of the power amplifiers and adjusting the current drawn by one or more of the power amplifiers to prevent any of the power amplifiers from experiencing over voltage stresses and/or to increase the operational efficiency of the power amplifiers.

Abstract: A communicate device includes transmitters and a receiver. The first transmitter is coupled to a first 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to a first antenna, and to a second 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to a first node. The second transmitter is coupled to a third 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to a second antenna, and to a fourth 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to the first node. The receiver is coupled to a fifth 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to the first antenna, and to a sixth 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to the second antenna. A non-reciprocal element, coupled between the receiver and the first node, provides a 90° phase shift from the receiver to the first node and a ?90° phase shift from the first node to the receiver.

Abstract: A power bank includes, in part, a rechargeable battery, a wireless power recovery unit adapted to receive power wirelessly, a battery charging circuit adapted to deliver the power recovered by the power recovery unit to the rechargeable battery, an output interface, and a voltage reconditioning circuit adapted to supply power from the rechargeable battery to the output interface for delivery to an external device. The wireless power recovery unit may include one or more of a multitude of photodiodes adapted to convert a coherent optical signal to electrical power, an acoustic transducer adapted to convert acoustic waves to an electrical power, an inductive coupling circuit adapted to convert time varying magnetic flux to electrical power, and an RF power recovery unit adapted to convert an RF signal to electrical power.

Abstract: A method of determining the phases of a multitude of transmitting elements of an RF power generating unit, includes, in part, activating one of transmitting element during the first time period, turning off the remaining transmitting elements during the first time period, transmitting an RF signal from the activated transmitting element to a device to be charged during the first time period, detecting a first phase value associated with the RF signal at the device during the first time period, transmitting the detected first phase value from the device to the generating unit during the first time period, and adjusting the phase of the activated transmitting element in response to the detected first phase value.

Abstract: A radiator is formed by forming a multitude of slot antennas adjacent one another such that the spacing between each pair of adjacent slot antennas is smaller than the wavelength of the signal being transmitted or received by the radiator. The radiator achieves high efficiency by reducing the excitation of substrate modes, and further achieves high output power radiation by combining power of multiple CMOS power amplifiers integrated in the radiator structure. Impedance matching to low-voltage CMOS power amplifiers is achieved through lowering the impedance at the radiator ports. Each output power stage may be implemented as a combination of several smaller output power stages operating in parallel, thereby allowing the combination to utilize an effective output device size commensurate with the impedance of the radiator.

Abstract: A wireless laser power transfer system includes, in part, a transmitter and a receiver that form a wireless link. The transmitter, includes, in part, a first communication system, at least a first source of laser beam, and a controller adapted to vary power and direction of the laser beam and further to modulate the laser beam. The receiver includes, in part, a communication system adapted to establish a wireless link with the first communication system, at least a first photo-voltaic cell, and a controller adapted to demodulate and detect the power of the modulated laser beam received by the first photo-voltaic cell from the first source of laser beam. The system optionally includes at least a second source of laser beam controlled by the transmitter controller. The system optionally further includes a second photo-voltaic cell. The transmitter controller is further adapted to cause the second laser beam to strike the second photo-voltaic cell.

Abstract: A space-based solar power station, a power generating satellite module and/or a method for collecting solar radiation and transmitting power generated using electrical current produced therefrom, and/or compactible structures and deployment mechanisms used to form and deploy such satellite modules and power generation tiles associated therewith are provided. Each satellite module and/or power generation tile may be formed of a compactable structure and deployment mechanism capable of reducing the payload area required to deliver the satellite module to an orbital formation within the space-based solar power station and reliably deploy it once in orbit.

Abstract: Spatial redistributors and methods of redistributing signals in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes an array of channels configured to receive and retransmit a signal, where each of a plurality of independently operating channels in the array includes: at least one antenna element; an RF chain configured to apply at least a time delay to the received signal prior to retransmission; control circuitry configured to control the time delay applied to the received signal by the RF chain; and a reference oscillator. In addition, the array of channels is configured to redirect a signal received from a first set of directions for retransmission in a second set of directions; and the control circuitry of the channels in the array of channels coordinates the time delays applied to the received signal across the array of channels to control the wave front of the retransmitted signal.

Abstract: An RF power delivery system includes, in part, an N×M array of transmitting elements disposed along N rows and M columns where M an N are integer numbers, and a phase adjustment unit adapted to receive information representative of a change in position of a device targeted to receive the RF power wirelessly from the device and generate a codeword in response, and apply the codeword to adjust phases of the array of transmitting elements

Abstract: Optical systems and processes for calibrating and focusing optical systems are described. One embodiment of the invention includes an optical phase array (OPA) and an OPA controller that generates control signals to control phase shifters in the OPA. The OPA controller can calibrate the OPA by performing a plurality of phase sweeps using each of a plurality of different basis masks. Each phase sweep can involve performing a phase sweep across a phase sweep range at a plurality of phase step increments with respect to a first group of phase shifters identified in a basis mask. During the phase sweep, a calibration signal can be measured at each of the plurality of phase step increments and the measurements used to generate calibration phase state information. The calibration phase state information can be utilized to perform functions including (but not limited to) beamforming, focusing, and/or other waveform manipulation and control functions.