Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for providing a network switching service to a user equipment.

Abstract: A method for coding image information includes generating prediction information by predicting information on a current coding unit, and determining whether the information on the current coding unit is the same as the prediction information. When the information on the current coding unit is the same as the prediction information, a flag indicating that the information on the current coding unit is the same as the prediction information is coded and transmitted. When the information on the current coding unit is not the same as the prediction information, a flag indicating that the information on the current coding unit is not the same as the prediction information and the information on the current coding unit are coded and transmitted.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for a user equipment, a core network, and a second device to enable bidirectional communication for second devices. The method of the second device may include receiving internet protocol (IP) configuration information for automatically configuring an IP version 6 (IPv6) address of the second device from a core network through a user equipment; generating the IPv6 address using information in the IP configuration information; and transmitting the generated IPv6 address to the core network through the UE.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image by skip encoding. The image-encoding method by skip encoding, which performs intra-prediction, comprises: performing a filtering operation on the signal which is reconstructed prior to an encoding object signal in an encoding object image; using the filtered reconstructed signal to generate a prediction signal for the encoding object signal; setting the generated prediction signal as a reconstruction signal for the encoding object signal; and not encoding the residual signal which can be generated on the basis of the difference between the encoding object signal and the prediction signal, thereby performing skip encoding on the encoding object signal.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to techniques for puncturing of structured low density parity check (LDPC) codes. A method for wireless communications by wireless node is provided. The method generally includes encoding a set of information bits based on a LDPC code to produce a code word, the LDPC code defined by a matrix having a first number of variable nodes and a second number of check nodes, puncturing the code word to produce a punctured code word, wherein the puncturing is performed according to a first puncturing pattern designed to puncture bits corresponding to one or more of the variable nodes having a certain degree of connectivity to the check nodes, and transmitting the punctured code word.

Abstract: Provided are a lithium primary battery in which a structure of an electrode closely related to output characteristics of the battery is improved to expand a reaction area, thus improving the output characteristics of the battery, and a method for manufacturing the lithium primary battery.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to techniques for puncturing of structured low density parity check (LDPC) codes. A method for wireless communications by wireless node is provided. The method generally includes encoding a set of information bits based on a LDPC code to produce a code word, the LDPC code defined by a matrix having a first number of variable nodes and a second number of check nodes, puncturing the code word to produce a punctured code word, wherein the puncturing is performed according to a first puncturing pattern designed to puncture bits corresponding to one or more of the variable nodes having a certain degree of connectivity to the check nodes, and transmitting the punctured code word.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described that support a low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) precoded reference signal design for multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) transmissions. A user equipment (UE) may identify multiple sets of symbols associated with different reference signal waveforms, where each reference signal waveform may be associated with a low PAPR. In some cases, different single-carrier reference signal waveforms may be mapped to subsets of frequency resources through frequency division multiplexing (FDM) for a transmission on a single antenna. However, the addition of single-carrier waveforms through FDM for a transmission via an antenna may result in an uplink transmission having a high PAPR (e.g., as compared to single-carrier waveforms). The UE may reduce the PAPR of the uplink transmission by multiplexing the reference signal waveforms in the time domain (e.g., using time division multiplexing (TDM)).

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to techniques for puncturing of structured low density parity check (LDPC) codes. A method for wireless communications by wireless node is provided. The method generally includes encoding a set of information bits based on a LDPC code to produce a code word, the LDPC code defined by a matrix having a first number of variable nodes and a second number of check nodes, puncturing the code word to produce a punctured code word, wherein the puncturing is performed according to a first puncturing pattern designed to puncture bits corresponding to one or more of the variable nodes having a certain degree of connectivity to the check nodes, and transmitting the punctured code word.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described that support a low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) precoded reference signal design for multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) transmissions. A user equipment (UE) may identify multiple sets of symbols associated with different reference signal waveforms, where each reference signal waveform may be associated with a low PAPR. In some cases, different single-carrier reference signal waveforms may be mapped to subsets of frequency resources through frequency division multiplexing (FDM) for a transmission on a single antenna. However, the addition of single-carrier waveforms through FDM for a transmission via an antenna may result in an uplink transmission having a high PAPR (e.g., as compared to single-carrier waveforms). The UE may reduce the PAPR of the uplink transmission by multiplexing the reference signal waveforms in the time domain (e.g., using time division multiplexing (TDM)).

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for controlling a data flow for multiple paths in a receiving node of a communication system. The apparatus includes a receiver configured to receive data for a specific sub-flow among a plurality of sub-flows; a controller configured to calculate an optimal transmission rate of the received data, determine a window reference value for generating the optimal transmission rate, and generate an artificial response message if a window size for the specific sub-flow is greater than or equal to the window reference value; and a transmitter configured to transmit the artificial response message to a transmitting node.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to techniques for puncturing of structured low density parity check (LDPC) codes. A method for wireless communications by wireless node is provided.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for controlling a data flow for multiple paths in a receiving node of a communication system. The apparatus includes a receiver configured to receive data for a specific sub-flow among a plurality of sub-flows; a controller configured to calculate an optimal transmission rate of the received data, determine a window reference value for generating the optimal transmission rate, and generate an artificial response message if a window size for the specific sub-flow is greater than or equal to the window reference value; and a transmitter configured to transmit the artificial response message to a transmitting node.

Abstract: The ink for printing an antenna pattern for a mobile phone according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a mixture of one of silver (Ag) powder, nickel (Ni) powder, copper (Cu) powder, and gold (Au) powder, liquid acrylonitrile, liquid polystyrene, liquid butadiene, and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) as a diluent. The present invention does not include a plating process, and thus allows a significant improvement in productivity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for distribution control of traffic when providing a real-time application program service using Multipath Transport Control Protocol (MPTCP) in a heterogeneous wireless network environment are provided. The method of operating a transmitter in a heterogeneous wireless network includes determining a transmission rate of each of the subflows corresponding to each of the networks, and then transmitting traffic through those subflows. The transmission rate for each subflow is determined in consideration of (i) the transmission rate per unit time from the upper layer to the transport control protocol (TCP) layer and (ii) the bottleneck link capacity.

Abstract: The ink for printing an antenna pattern for a mobile phone according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a mixture of one of silver (Ag) powder, nickel (Ni) powder, copper (Cu) powder, and gold (Au) powder, liquid acrylonitrile, liquid polystyrene, liquid butadiene, and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) as a diluent. The present invention does not include a plating process, and thus allows a significant improvement in productivity.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying an oxygen-enriched air includes hollow membrane units spaced apart from each other, for separating a surrounding air thereof into an oxygen-enriched air and a nitrogen-enriched air, a vacuum pump for sucking in the surrounding air via the separation membrane units to draw in and provide the oxygen-enriched air, and an oxygen-enriched air discharging unit for discharging the oxygen-enriched air. Each of the hollow separation membrane units is of generally a thin cuboidal shape, and the vacuum pump and the oxygen-enriched air discharging unit communicate with each other.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying an oxygen-enriched air includes hollow membrane units spaced apart from each other, for separating a surrounding air thereof into an oxygen-enriched air and a nitrogen-enriched air, a vacuum pump for sucking in the surrounding air via the separation membrane units to draw in and provide the oxygen-enriched air, and an oxygen-enriched air discharging unit for discharging the oxygen-enriched air. Each of the hollow separation membrane units is of generally a thin cuboidal shape, and the vacuum pump and the oxygen-enriched air discharging unit communicate with each other.

Abstract: A method for reducing the amount of overhead information being added to a data packet by multiplexing IP (Internet Protocol) data packets within a MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching) frame, thereby reducing the amount of overhead information associated with subsequent protocol layers being added to the data packet. In one embodiment, the method utilizes a target size to limit the number of IP data packets which may be multiplexed within a MPLS frame and a timer to limit the delay in transmission of IP data packets.