Abstract: A method of encoding an input video signal for communication over a computer network, the method comprising the steps of: i) dividing each frame into a two-dimensional array of macroblocks; ii) detecting motion between each macroblock of a current frame and the corresponding macroblock of a previous frame, and coding only those macroblocks where motion is detected; iii) replacing all coefficients of non-coded macroblocks with zero coefficients; iv) applying discrete cosine transformation to coded macroblocks; v) reorganizing coefficients into a multi-resolution representation; vi) quantizing the coefficients with a uniform scalar quantizer to produce a significance map; and vii) adaptive arithmetic coding of said signal by encoding the motion information, encoding the significance map, encoding the signs of all significant coefficients, and encoding the magnitudes of significant coefficients, in bit-plane order starting with the most significant bit.

Abstract: A method of encoding an input video signal for communication over a computer network, the method comprising the steps of: i) applying a three-dimensional wavelet-based temporal and spatial decomposition to produce a plurality of spatio-temporal subbands; ii) quantizing the coefficients of the spatio-temporal subbands with a uniform scalar quantizer to produce a significance map; and iii) run-length and adaptive arithmetic coding of the signal by encoding the significance map, encoding the signs of all significant coefficients, and encoding the magnitudes of significant coefficients, in bit-plane order starting with the most significant bit-plane.

Abstract: Currently data transmission over the Internet between two client computers where both client computers are protected by firewalls is problematic, since firewalls block incoming packets. A method is provided for permitting packet based data transmission between a first client computer C1 protected by a first NAPT or NAT firewall and a second client computer C2 protected by a second NAPT or NAT firewall to traverse the first and the second firewalls. The method can also be applied to other devices, such as routers, using NAT or NAPT.

Abstract: A method of encoding an input video signal for communication over a computer network, the method comprising the steps of: i) applying a three-dimensional wavelet-based temporal and spatial decomposition to produce a plurality of spatio-temporal subbands; ii) quantizing the coefficients of the spatio-temporal subbands with a uniform scalar quantizer to produce a significance map; and iii) ran-length and adaptive arithmetic coding of the signal by encoding the significance map, encoding the signs of all significant coefficients, and encoding the magnitudes of significant coefficients, in bit-plane order starting with the most significant bit-plane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a window-based method for controlling the rate of data transmission for computer software applications transmitting data using packet switched protocols. The method is suitable for real-time applications, such as Internet video conferencing, which require low transmission latency, and which can tolerate some level of packet loss.

Abstract: A method of encoding an input video signal for communication over a computer network, the method comprising the steps of: i) dividing each frame into a two-dimensional array of macroblocks; ii) detecting motion between each macroblock of a current frame and the corresponding macroblock of a previous frame, and coding only those macroblocks where motion is detected; iii) replacing all coefficients of non-coded macroblocks with zero coefficients; iv) applying discrete cosine transformation to coded macroblocks; v) reorganizing coefficients into a multi-resolution representation; vi) quantizing the coefficients with a uniform scalar quantizer to produce a significance map; and vii) adaptive arithmetic coding of said signal by encoding the motion information, encoding the significance map, encoding the signs of all significant coefficients, and encoding the magnitudes of significant coefficients, in bit-plane order starting with the most significant bit.