Abstract: The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly includes PtRu active species supported on mesoporous carbon nitride materials for use in the anode of direct methanol fuel cells. The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly includes an anode plate, a gas diffusion layer, and a catalyst adjacent a PEM membrane. The composition of the catalyst is about 30 wt % active species and 70 wt % support materials. The nitrided PtRu on a mesoporous carbon support provides enhanced hydrogen adsorbing capacity to accelerate the rate of oxidation of methanol at the anode of a direct methanol fuel cell, resulting in greater efficiency of the fuel cell.

Abstract: The catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propylene includes vanadium and aluminum incorporated into the framework of a mesoporous support, viz., MCM-41, to form V—Al-MCM-41, and nickel impregnated onto the walls of the mesoporous support. Nickel loading is preferably in the range of 5 to 15% by weight of the catalyst. A process for the production of propylene from propane includes steps of placing the catalyst in a fixed bed reactor, introducing a flow of feedstock in a propane:oxygen:nitrogen ratio of about 6:6:88 by volume, maintaining the reactor at atmospheric pressure and in a temperature range of about 400 to 550° C., collecting the product, and separating propylene from the product. The process achieves propane conversion between about 6 to 22%, and a selectivity for propylene between about 22 and 70%, depending upon percent nickel content and temperature of the reaction.

Abstract: The catalyst exhibiting hydrogen spillover effect relates to the composition of a catalyst exhibiting hydrogen spillover effect and to a process for preparing the catalyst. The catalyst has a reduced transition base metal of Group VIB or Group VIIIB, such as cobalt, nickel, molybdenum or tungsten, supported on a high porous carrier, such as saponite, the base metal being ion-exchanged with at least one precious metal of Group VIIIB. The process includes the steps of loading the base metal onto the support, reducing the base metal, preferably with H2 at 600° C., and thereafter ion-exchanging the precious metal with the base metal. Preferred examples of the catalyst include a saponite support loaded with about 10-20 wt % cobalt and about 0.1-1 wt % precious metal. The catalyst is optimized for reactions that occur in commercial processes at about 360-400° C., such as in hydrocracking.

Abstract: A method is provided for the thermo-neutral reforming of liquid hydrocarbon fuels which employs a Ni, Ce2O3, La2O3, Pt?ZrO2, Rh and Re catalyst having dual functionalities to achieve both combustion and steam reforming.

Abstract: Compositions and processed for their use as additives for reducing the sulfur content of FCC gasoline employ a support material having deposited on its surface (a) a first metal component from Group IIB of the Periodic Table and (b) a second metal component from Group III or Group IV of the Periodic Table. The additive composition is preferably made of a montmorillonite clay support containing zinc and gallium, zinc and zirconium. Alternatively, the additive composition includes support material having deposited on its surface a metal component from Group III of the Periodic Table, preferably a montmorillonite clay support containing gallium. The clay is impregnated with the metal(s) using the known incipient wetness method and the dried powdered additive composition is preferably formed into shapes suitable for use in the FCC unit.

Abstract: The catalyst exhibiting hydrogen spillover effect relates to the composition of a catalyst exhibiting hydrogen spillover effect and to a process for preparing the catalyst. The catalyst has a reduced transition base metal of Group VIB or Group VIIIB, such as cobalt, nickel, molybdenum or tungsten, supported on a high porous carrier, such as saponite, the base metal being ion-exchanged with at least one precious metal of Group VIIIB. The process includes the steps of loading the base metal onto the support, reducing the base metal, preferably with H2 at 600° C., and thereafter ion-exchanging the precious metal with the base metal. Preferred examples of the catalyst include a saponite support loaded with about 10-20 wt % cobalt and about 0.1-1 wt % precious metal. The catalyst is optimized for reactions that occur in commercial processes at about 360-400° C., such as in hydrocracking.

Abstract: A method is provided for the thermo-neutral reforming of liquid hydrocarbon fuels which employs a Ni,Ce2O3, La2O3, Pt?ZrO2, Rh and Re catalyst having dual functionalities to achieve both combustion and steam reforming.

Abstract: A method is provided for the thermo-neutral reforming of liquid hydrocarbon fuels which employs a Ni, Ce2O3, La2O3, Pt?ZrO2, Rh and Re catalyst having dual functionalities to achieve both combustion and steam reforming.

Abstract: Compositions and processed for their use as additives for reducing the sulfur content of FCC gasoline employ a support material having deposited on its surface (a) a first metal component from Group IIB of the Periodic Table and (b) a second metal component from Group III or Group IV of the Periodic Table. The additive composition is preferably made of a montmorillonite clay support containing zinc and gallium, zinc and zirconium. Alternatively, the additive composition includes support material having deposited on its surface a metal component from Group III of the Periodic Table, preferably a montmorillonite clay support containing gallium. The clay is impregnated with the metal(s) using the known incipient wetness method and the dried powdered additive composition is preferably formed into shapes suitable for use in the FCC unit.

Abstract: A technique transfers data between geographically dispersed entities belonging to a virtual-local-area network (VLAN). According to the technique, geographically dispersed entities communicate via software-defined virtual ports that “appear” as physical ports to the entities. Each virtual port, in turn, is associated with one or more connections wherein each connection may be associated with one or more VLANs. Data generated on a particular VLAN that is destined for a remote entity is forwarded to a virtual port which, in turn, transfers the data to the remote entity over the connection associated with the VLAN. Moreover, state is maintained at each virtual port for each connection, thereby enabling the virtual ports to support various protocols that operate with physical ports.

Abstract: A process for producing a starch comprises treating a feed starch that comprises amylopectin with glucanotransferase to produce a chain-extended starch, treating the chain-extended starch with a debranching enzyme to produce a starch product that comprises amylose fragments, crystallizing at least part of the starch product, heating the starch product in the presence of moisture, treating the starch product with alpha-amylase, and washing the starch product to remove at least some non-crystallized starch. The product of this process has a relatively high total dietary fiber content.

Abstract: A method is provided for the thermo-neutral reforming of liquid hydrocarbon fuels which employs a Ni, Ce2O3, La2O3, Pt?ZrO2, Rh and Re catalyst having dual functionalities to achieve both combustion and steam reforming.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a novel additive composition for reducing sulfur content of a catalytically cracked gasoline fraction. This additive composition comprises a support consisting of porous clay into which a first metal from group IV is incorporated and a second metal from group II is impregnated. Preferably, the first incorporated metal is zirconium and the second impregnated metal is zinc. The sulfur reduction additive is used in the form of a separate particle in combination with a conventional fluidized catalytic cracking catalyst in a fluid catalytic cracking process to convert hydrocarbon feed stocks into gasoline and other liquid products.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst and a process for treating heavy hydrocarbons using the catalyst. The catalyst is useful for treating heavy hydrocarbons, de-metallize oil (DMO) and is particularly useful in VGO/DMO hydrocarbon blend. It is also useful for DAO. The catalyst acts to catalytically convert the VGO/DMO blend to shorter-chain valuable hydrocarbon products. The catalyst includes a catalytic support material, a catalytic metal impregnated upon the catalytic support material, and a promoter metal on the catalytic support material to enhance catalytic conversion. The combination of the catalytic support material with catalytic metal and promoter metal is operable to catalytically convert VGO/DMO into hydrocarbon products having shorter carbon chains.