Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a composition, comprising, in amounts effective to treat sulfur mustard or half sulfur mustard induced toxicity or skin damage: an agent that inhibits alkylation of —SH and >NH protein groups; an agent that reduces —SS— to SH; a scavenger of reactive oxygen species; a substrate that maintains tissue reduction-oxidation status; an agent that protects against invading inflammatory cells and associated oxidative stress; an antagonist of prostaglandin synthesis; and an agent that induces tissue regeneration. Methods of using the composition are also provided.

Abstract: An aqueous ophthalmic preparation is described for the treatment of dry and/or irritated eyes. The preparation is comprised of retinol and/or derivatives or precursors thereof, solubilized in water. Certain non-ionic surfactants and propylmethylcellulose are disclosed as solubilizing agents, with propylmethylcellulose also acting as a mucin-like constituent. The vitamin-containing preparation also contains (1) free radical scavenging compounds and (2) compounds capable, in solution, of chelating multivalent metal cations present in human and/or animal external eye tissue or tear film. The preferred free radical scavenger is mannitol. The preferred chelating agent is EDTA, present in minimal quantities for chelating certain catalytically active metallic ions present at or near the surface of the eye. Also described are tonicity adjusting compositions and an ophthalmic solution buffering system comprising citric acid and citrates.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of contacting a peroxide containing substance with non-volatile, alpha-keto acid radiolabeled with --C.sup.14 in the carboxyl group and determining radioactivity evolved .sup.14 CO.sub.2 and thereby calculating the amount of peroxide in the substance.