Abstract: A rain diversity switchover system includes a diversity Satellite Access Station (SAS) including a transmitter modem and a receiver modem in communication with a satellite. The system further includes a primary SAS including a transmitter modem and a receiver modem in communication with the satellite via a second satellite antenna, where the transmitter and receiver modems of the primary SAS are synchronized with the transmitter and receiver modems of the diversity SAS via a common time source. Further, a hub data processor adjusts a timing of transmissions from the diversity SAS to the satellite relative to the common time source in accordance with a difference between a time of flight from the diversity SAS to the satellite and a time of flight from the primary SAS to the satellite. Additionally, a switchover controller controls a rain diversity switchover between the primary SAS and the diversity SAS.

Abstract: A frequency offset estimation and correction apparatus including a frame averaging unit to average a plurality of frequency offset values to obtain a frame offset average for each of a plurality of frames, a re-sampling unit to produce a plurality of interpolated frequency offset values uniformly distributed over a time period of a frame of the plurality of frames based on the frame offset average of the frame and a frame offset average of at least one frame that precedes the frame, and an exponential averaging unit to calculate the estimated frequency offset based on the plurality of interpolated frequency offset values weighted by an exponential averaging coefficient.

Abstract: A frequency offset estimation and correction apparatus including a frame averaging unit to average a plurality of frequency offset values to obtain a frame offset average for each of a plurality of frames, a re-sampling unit to produce a plurality of interpolated frequency offset values uniformly distributed over a time period of a frame of the plurality of frames based on the frame offset average of the frame and a frame offset average of at least one frame that precedes the frame, and an exponential averaging unit to calculate the estimated frequency offset based on the plurality of interpolated frequency offset values weighted by an exponential averaging coefficient.