Abstract: A semiconductor structure and a method of forming the semiconductor structure are provided. The method of forming the semiconductor structure includes forming a floating gate layer on a substrate. A trench is formed in the floating gate layer and the substrate. A first dielectric layer is formed in the trench. A second dielectric layer is formed on the first dielectric layer. A third dielectric layer is formed on the second dielectric layer. A first sacrificial layer is formed on the third dielectric layer. A dielectric stack is formed on the first sacrificial layer. A control gate layer is formed on the dielectric stack. The first sacrificial layer is removed to form an air gap between the third dielectric layer and the dielectric stack.

Abstract: A method for fixing outlier bits is provided in the invention. The method is applied to a memory device, and a memory array of the memory device is divided into a plurality of blocks. The method includes the steps of setting an initial voltage and a terminal voltage of a margin read (MGRD) operation in each block, wherein the initial voltage is set in a distribution of a threshold voltage of each block; finding a MGRD spec corresponding to each block at a range defined by the initial voltage and the terminal voltage; detecting outlier bits in each block according to the MGRD spec corresponding to each block; and fixing the outlier bits in each block.

Abstract: A method for fixing outlier bits is provided in the invention. The method is applied to a memory device, and a memory array of the memory device is divided into a plurality of blocks. The method includes the steps of setting an initial voltage and a terminal voltage of a margin read (MGRD) operation in each block, wherein the initial voltage is set in a distribution of a threshold voltage of each block; finding a MGRD spec corresponding to each block at a range defined by the initial voltage and the terminal voltage; detecting outlier bits in each block according to the MGRD spec corresponding to each block; and fixing the outlier bits in each block.