Abstract: The present invention can provide an electrode member having a substrate member and a coating member. The substrate member can be made of a material selected from the group consisting of titanium, gold coated titanium and other inert conducting materials. The coating member can have a tin dioxide modified by antimony. The electrode member of the present invention can be used for direct generation of ozone in water or through water into a gaseous state.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer composite membrane having a polymer membrane and a poly(furfuryl alcohol) filling internal pores of the polymer membrane. The polymer composite membrane can have a high proton conductivity and/or a reduced methanol permeability and can be used in fuel cells, electrochemical sensor, and the like. The present invention also provides a method of making a polymer composite membrane, by providing a perfluorosulfonic polymer member, subjecting the perfluorosulfonic polymer member to a furan-based monomer, and polymerizing the furan-based monomer to obtain a polymer composite membrane having a high proton conductivity and/or a reduced methanol permeability.

Abstract: The present invention can provide an electrode member having a substrate member and a coating member. The substrate member can be made of a material selected from the group consisting of titanium, gold coated titanium and other inert conducting materials. The coating member can have a tin dioxide modified by antimony. The electrode member of the present invention can be used for direct generation of ozone in water or through water into a gaseous state.

Abstract: An electrochemical device such as a battery and a fuel cell having two electrolytes between the anode and the cathode. The electrochemical device is preferably arranged with an alkaline electrolyte in contact with the anode and an acidic electrolyte in contact with the cathode. The electrolytes are separated by a bipolar membrane that preferably also provides ionic conductivity between the two electrolytes and also generates a supply of protons and hydroxide anions. The electrochemical device achieves fifty percent higher operating voltage and power compared to fuel cells with a single electrolyte.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer composite membrane having a polymer membrane and a poly(furfuryl alcohol) filling internal pores of the polymer membrane. The polymer composite membrane can have a high proton conductivity and/or a reduced methanol permeability and can be used in fuel cells, electrochemical sensor, and the like. The present invention also provides a method of making a polymer composite membrane, by providing a perfluorosulfonic polymer member, subjecting the perfluorosulfonic polymer member to a furan-based monomer, and polymerizing the furan-based monomer to obtain a polymer composite membrane having a high proton conductivity and/or a reduced methanol permeability.

Abstract: The present invention can provide an electrode member having a substrate member and a coating member. The substrate member can be made of a material selected from the group consisting of titanium, gold coated titanium and other inert conducting materials. The coating member can have a tin dioxide modified by antimony. The electrode member of the present invention can be used for direct generation of ozone in water or through water into a gaseous state.

Abstract: An electrochemical device such as a battery and a fuel cell having two electrolytes between the anode and the cathode. The electrochemical device is preferably arranged with an alkaline electrolyte in contact with the anode and an acidic electrolyte in contact with the cathode. The electrolytes are separated by a bipolar membrane that preferably also provides ionic conductivity between the two electrolytes and also generates a supply of protons and hydroxide anions. The electrochemical device achieves fifty percent higher operating voltage and power compared to fuel cells with a single electrolyte.