Abstract: According to some embodiments of the invention, a near-infrared fluorescence endoscopic dental imaging system includes an endoscope forming a plurality of lumens therein; a spectrometer optically coupled to a first lumen of the endoscope; a near-infrared camera optically coupled to a second lumen of the endoscope; a data processor in communication with the spectrometer and the near-infrared camera; and a display system in communication with the data processor. The near-infrared camera is configured to capture a near-infrared two-dimensional dental image of a specimen and transmit the near-infrared two-dimensional dental image to the data processor. The spectrometer is configured to capture fluorescent light from the specimen and provide a spectroscopic signal to the data processor. The display system is configured to communicate with the data processor to receive the near-infrared two-dimensional dental image and the spectroscopic signal and to display a two-dimensional dental image of the specimen.

Abstract: A mouthwash for fluorescence endoscopic dental imaging includes at least one fluorescent dye and a liquid base. A method for fluorescent endoscopic dental imaging includes orally administering a mouthwash to a subject; waiting a predetermined period of time; removing excess mouthwash from the subject; illuminating the subject with visible or near-infrared light; and capturing fluorescent light from the subject to create an image.

Abstract: According to some embodiments of the invention, a near-infrared fluorescence endoscopic dental imaging system includes an endoscope forming a plurality of lumens therein; a spectrometer optically coupled to a first lumen of the endoscope; a near-infrared camera optically coupled to a second lumen of the endoscope; a data processor in communication with the spectrometer and the near-infrared camera; and a display system in communication with the data processor. The near-infrared camera is configured to capture a near-infrared two-dimensional dental image of a specimen and transmit the near-infrared two-dimensional dental image to the data processor. The spectrometer is configured to capture fluorescent light from the specimen and provide a spectroscopic signal to the data processor. The display system is configured to communicate with the data processor to receive the near-infrared two-dimensional dental image and the spectroscopic signal and to display a two-dimensional dental image of the specimen.

Abstract: An information processing method, which is applied to a server, includes: a public message is transmitted to a first client, the public message being a message issued to the first client by the server, the public message carrying first information and a second information set including N pieces of second information, with N being a positive integer, the first information is information only allowed to be gotten by the first client and the second information is information only allowed to be gotten by a client in a sharing relationship with the first client; and a request for getting the second information is received from a second client, it is verified whether the second client is in the sharing relationship with the first client, and after the second client is determined to be in the sharing relationship with the first client, the second client is allowed to get the second information.

Abstract: An information processing method, which is applied to a server, includes: a public message is transmitted to a first client, the public message being a message issued to the first client by the server, the public message carrying first information and a second information set including N pieces of second information, with N being a positive integer, the first information is information only allowed to be gotten by the first client and the second information is information only allowed to be gotten by a client in a sharing relationship with the first client; and a request for getting the second information is received from a second client, it is verified whether the second client is in the sharing relationship with the first client, and after the second client is determined to be in the sharing relationship with the first client, the second client is allowed to get the second information.

Abstract: Subjecting a heterogeneous cell population (one with both stem cells and non-stem cells) to extreme stress selectively eliminated the non-stem cells and resulted in the enrichment of stem cells in the population. The stress can take many forms, including without limitation, cell toxins, high temperature, high salt, and low oxygen (hypoxic) conditions. The number of stem cells remaining after stress were increased, and showed increased expression of traditional stem cell markers. The stem cells were shown to be capable of proliferation and differentiation into multiple types of cells. This method allows purification of stem cells from adult heterogeneous cell populations on a large scale basis without requirement of expensive equipment, and without requiring the presence of cell surface markers. Stem cells produced by the above method can be used for clinical applications, including tissue engineering.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose an information transmission method, apparatus, and system, and a terminal, and a server. The information transmission method may include: sending, by a first mobile terminal, an information transmission instruction to a plug-in associated with the first mobile terminal; acquiring, by the plug-in, according to the information transmission instruction, link information of a current webpage in a browser where the plug-in is located, and sending the link information to a server; and acquiring, by the server, webpage information of the current webpage according to the link information, and sending the webpage information of the current webpage to the first mobile terminal. The present invention can implement information transmission, and improve the convenience of information transmission.

Abstract: A conversation method is performed at a first mobile communication terminal. The method includes: receiving a conversation request from a second mobile communication terminal, the conversation request containing a call invitation request that expires after a first time period; displaying the call invitation request; establishing a call connection with the second terminal in response to detecting a first predefined user operation on the call invitation request within the first time period; replacing the display of the call invitation request with the display of the conversation request after the first time period, the conversation request further including a call initiation command that expires after a second time period; and initiating a call to the second terminal if detecting a second predefined user operation on the call initiation command after the first time period and within the second time period, the second time period being longer than the first time period.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose an information transmission method, apparatus, system, and terminal. The information transmission method includes: sending, by a first mobile terminal, an information transmission instruction to a plug-in bound to the first mobile terminal, and obtaining, by the plug-in, according to the information transmission instruction, webpage information of a current web page in a browser where the plug-in is located; processing, by the plug-in, the webpage information, and displaying the processed webpage information by adopting a floating layer; and sending, by the plug-in, the webpage information in the floating layer to the first mobile terminal. The present invention can implement information transmission and improve the convenience of information transmission.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose an information transmission method, apparatus, and system, and a terminal, and a server. The information transmission method may include: sending, by a first mobile terminal, an information transmission instruction to a plug-in associated with the first mobile terminal; acquiring, by the plug-in, according to the information transmission instruction, link information of a current webpage in a browser where the plug-in is located, and sending the link information to a server; and acquiring, by the server, webpage information of the current webpage according to the link information, and sending the webpage information of the current webpage to the first mobile terminal. The present invention can implement information transmission, and improve the convenience of information transmission.

Abstract: Subjecting a heterogeneous cell population (one with both stem cells and non-stem cells) to extreme stress selectively eliminated the non-stem cells and resulted in the enrichment of stem cells in the population. The stress can take many forms, including without limitation, cell toxins, high temperature, high salt, and low oxygen (hypoxic) conditions. The number of stem cells remaining after stress were increased, and showed increased expression of traditional stem cell markers. The stem cells were shown to be capable of proliferation and differentiation into multiple types of cells. This method allows purification of stem cells from adult heterogeneous cell populations on a large scale basis without requirement of expensive equipment, and without requiring the presence of cell surface markers. Stem cells produced by the above method can be used for clinical applications, including tissue engineering.

Abstract: Subjecting a heterogeneous cell population (one with both stem cells and non-stem cells) to extreme stress selectively eliminated the non-stem cells and resulted in the enrichment of stem cells in the population. The stress can take many forms, including without limitation, cell toxins, high temperature, high salt, and low oxygen (hypoxic) conditions. The number of stem cells remaining after stress were increased, and showed increased expression of traditional stem cell markers. The stem cells were shown to be capable of proliferation and differentiation into multiple types of cells. This method allows purification of stem cells from adult heterogeneous cell populations on a large scale basis without requirement of expensive equipment, and without requiring the presence of cell surface markers. Stem cells produced by the above method can be used for clinical applications, including tissue engineering.

Abstract: Subjecting a heterogeneous cell population (one with both stem cells and non-stem cells) to extreme stress selectively eliminated the non-stem cells and resulted in the enrichment of stem cells in the population. The stress can take many forms, including without limitation, cell toxins, high temperature, high salt, and low oxygen (hypoxic) conditions. The number of stem cells remaining after stress were increased, and showed increased expression of traditional stem cell markers. The stem cells were shown to be capable of proliferation and differentiation into multiple types of cells. This method allows purification of stem cells from adult heterogeneous cell populations on a large scale basis without requirement of expensive equipment, and without requiring the presence of cell surface markers. Stem cells produced by the above method can be used for clinical applications, including tissue engineering.