Abstract: A method for smelting low-phosphorus high-manganese steel based on reduction dephosphorization of ferromanganese is provided in the present application, relating to the technical field of high-manganese steel smelting, where the dephosphorization of ferromanganese is carried out under reducing atmosphere conditions through mediate-frequency induction furnace to obtain molten ferromanganese with lower phosphorus content, which is subsequently mixed with low phosphorus molten steel obtained by smelting in oxidative period of electric arc furnace in LF ladle refining furnace to make the Mn content of steel reach the requirement of high-manganese steel, and smelting is carried out under the condition of reducing atmosphere by adjusting the composition and temperature of the molten steel to meet the requirements of the target composition of the steel grade before tapping the steel.

Abstract: A method of forming a diffusion barrier layer on a dielectric or semiconductor substrate by a wet process. The method includes the steps of treating the dielectric or semiconductor substrate with an aqueous pretreatment solution comprising one or more adsorption promoting ingredients capable of preparing the substrate for deposition of the diffusion barrier layer thereon; and contacting the treated dielectric or semiconductor substrate with a deposition solution comprising manganese compounds and an inorganic pH buffer (optionally, with one or more doping metals) to the diffusion barrier layer thereon, wherein the diffusion barrier layer comprises manganese oxide. Also included is a two-part kit for treating a dielectric or semiconductor substrate to form a diffusion barrier layer thereon.

Abstract: A method of forming a diffusion barrier layer on a dielectric or semiconductor substrate by a wet process. The method includes the steps of treating the dielectric or semiconductor substrate with an aqueous pretreatment solution comprising one or more adsorption promoting ingredients capable of preparing the substrate for deposition of the diffusion barrier layer thereon; and contacting the treated dielectric or semiconductor substrate with a deposition solution comprising manganese compounds and an inorganic pH buffer (optionally, with one or more doping metals) to the diffusion barrier layer thereon, wherein the diffusion barrier layer comprises manganese oxide. Also included is a two-part kit for treating a dielectric or semiconductor substrate to form a diffusion barrier layer thereon.

Abstract: An electroplated cobalt deposit and a method of electrodepositing cobalt on a surface to produce a level deposit across the surface of the substrate. The cobalt electrolyte contains (1) a source of cobalt ions; (2) boric acid; (3) a pH adjuster; and (4) an organic additive, which contains a suppressor. The electroplated cobalt deposit exhibits a level surface such that the thickness difference across substantially the entire surface of the substrate of less than about 200 nm.

Abstract: Processes and compositions for electroplating a cobalt deposit onto a semiconductor base structure comprising sub-micron-sized electrical interconnect features. In the process, a metalizing substrate within the interconnect features is contacted with an electrodeposition composition comprising a source of cobalt ions, an accelerator comprising an organic sulfur compound, an acetylenic suppressor, a buffering agent and water. Electrical current is supplied to the electrolytic composition to deposit cobalt onto the base structure and fill the submicron-sized features with cobalt. The process is effective for superfilling the interconnect features.

Abstract: A method of forming a diffusion barrier layer on a dielectric or semiconductor substrate by a wet process. The method includes the steps of treating the dielectric or semiconductor substrate with an aqueous pretreatment solution comprising one or more adsorption promoting ingredients capable of preparing the substrate for deposition of the diffusion barrier layer thereon; and contacting the treated dielectric or semiconductor substrate with a deposition solution comprising manganese compounds and an inorganic pH buffer (optionally, with one or more doping metals) to the diffusion barrier layer thereon, wherein the diffusion barrier layer comprises manganese oxide. Also included is a two-part kit for treating a dielectric or semiconductor substrate to form a diffusion barrier layer thereon.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using such compositions for electroplating cobalt onto semiconductor base structures comprising submicron-sized electrical interconnect features are provided herein. The interconnect features are metallized by contacting the semiconductor base structure with an electrolytic composition comprising a source of cobalt ions, a suppressor, a buffer, and one or more of a depolarizing compound and a uniformity enhancer. Electrical current is supplied to the electrolytic composition to deposit cobalt onto the base structure and fill the submicron-sized features with cobalt. The method presented herein is useful for superfilling interconnect features.

Abstract: An electroplated cobalt deposit and a method of electrodepositing cobalt on a surface to produce a level deposit across the surface of the substrate. The cobalt electrolyte contains (1) a source of cobalt ions; (2) boric acid; (3) a pH adjuster; and (4) an organic additive, which contains a suppressor. The electroplated cobalt deposit exhibits a level surface such that the thickness difference across substantially the entire surface of the substrate of less than about 200 nm.

Abstract: A nickel electrodeposition composition for via fill or barrier nickel interconnect fabrication comprising: (a) a source of nickel ions; (b) one or more polarizing additives; and (c) one or more depolarizing additives. The nickel electrodeposition composition may include various additives, including suitable acids, surfactants, buffers, and/or stress modifiers to produce bottom-up filling of vias and trenches.

Abstract: An electroplated cobalt deposit and a method of electrodepositing cobalt on a surface to produce a level deposit across the surface of the substrate. The cobalt electrolyte contains (1) a source of cobalt ions; (2) boric acid; (3) a pH adjuster; and (4) an organic additive, which contains a suppressor. The electroplated cobalt deposit exhibits a level surface such that the thickness difference across substantially the entire surface of the substrate of less than about 200 nm.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using such compositions for electroplating cobalt onto semiconductor base structures comprising submicron-sized electrical interconnect features are provided herein. The interconnect features are metallized by contacting the semiconductor base structure with an electrolytic composition comprising a source of cobalt ions, a suppressor, a buffer, and one or more of a depolarizing compound and a uniformity enhancer. Electrical current is supplied to the electrolytic composition to deposit cobalt onto the base structure and fill the submicron-sized features with cobalt. The method presented herein is useful for superfilling interconnect features.

Abstract: Processes and compositions for electroplating a cobalt deposit onto a semiconductor base structure comprising sub-micron-sized electrical interconnect features. In the process, a metalizing substrate within the interconnect features is contacted with an electrodeposition composition comprising a source of cobalt ions, an accelerator comprising an organic sulfur compound, an acetylenic suppressor, a buffering agent and water. Electrical current is supplied to the electrolytic composition to deposit cobalt onto the base structure and fill the submicron-sized features with cobalt. The process is effective for superfilling the interconnect features.

Abstract: An electroplated cobalt deposit and a method of electrodepositing cobalt on a surface to produce a level deposit across the surface of the substrate. The cobalt electrolyte contains (1) a source of cobalt ions; (2) boric acid; (3) a pH adjuster; and (4) an organic additive, which contains a suppressor. The electroplated cobalt deposit exhibits a level surface such that the thickness difference across substantially the entire surface of the substrate of less than about 200 nm.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using such compositions for electroplating cobalt onto semiconductor base structures comprising submicron-sized electrical interconnect features are provided herein. The interconnect features are metallized by contacting the semiconductor base structure with an electrolytic composition comprising a source of cobalt ions, a suppressor, a buffer, and one or more of a depolarizing compound and a uniformity enhancer. Electrical current is supplied to the electrolytic composition to deposit cobalt onto the base structure and fill the submicron-sized features with cobalt. The method presented herein is useful for superfilling interconnect features.

Abstract: Processes and compositions for electroplating a cobalt deposit onto a semiconductor base structure comprising submicron-sized electrical interconnect features. In the process, a metalizing substrate within the interconnect features is contacted with an electrodeposition composition comprising a source of cobalt ions, an accelerator comprising an organic sulfur compound, an acetylenic suppressor, a buffering agent and water. Electrical current is supplied to the electrolytic composition to deposit cobalt onto the base structure and fill the submicron-sized features with cobalt. The process is effective for superfilling the interconnect features.

Abstract: Processes and compositions for electroplating a cobalt deposit onto a semiconductor base structure comprising submicron-sized electrical interconnect features. In the process, a metalizing substrate within the interconnect features is contacted with an electrodeposition composition comprising a source of cobalt ions, an accelerator comprising an organic sulfur compound, an acetylenic suppressor, a buffering agent and water. Electrical current is supplied to the electrolytic composition to deposit cobalt onto the base structure and fill the submicron-sized features with cobalt. The process is effective for superfilling the interconnect features.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using such compositions for electroplating cobalt onto semiconductor base structures comprising submicron-sized electrical interconnect features are provided herein. The interconnect features are metallized by contacting the semiconductor base structure with an electrolytic composition comprising a source of cobalt ions, a suppressor, a buffer, and one or more of a depolarizing compound and a uniformity enhancer. Electrical current is supplied to the electrolytic composition to deposit cobalt onto the base structure and fill the submicron-sized features with cobalt. The method presented herein is useful for superfilling interconnect features.