Abstract: A multiple degree-of-freedom ultra-precision (DOF) robotic system yielding either rigid body guidance or large deformation analysis (LDRS, i.e. semi-flexible and flexible robotics) is developed based on the technology of integrating a multiple DOF ultra-precision shadow robotic measurement system with a multiple DOF robot for form a closed-loop linkage chain to establish a corresponding closed-loop feedback control of end-effecter of said robotic system without the use and limitation of any target or artificial marker in work-cell as the reference. In this way, the major degrading problems that greatly drag down the positioning accuracy of a robot have been fairly resolved. The embodiment conducts the details of the development of such a multiple DOF ultra-precision robotic system for the general applications in precision engineering.

Abstract: In this invention, an ultra-precision robotic system yielding either rigid body guidance or large deformation analysis (LDRS, i.e. semi-flexible and flexible robotics) is developed based on the technology of shadow robotic measurement system (shadow system) and robotic real-time stepping convergence and control. With an extreme case of an uncorrelated 6-D revolute joint shadow system, it indicates that the positioning accuracy of such an ultra-precision robotic system will not be in excess of {7.21 nm, 1.68 arc-second}. With the general case of a Puma 560 shadow system, the positioning accuracy also appears not in excess of {7.21 nm, 1.68 arc-second} in most of its working space. By more conservative estimate in practice, the error of positioning accuracy, ERR&egr;[( 50 nm, 2 arc-second), (10−1 &mgr;m, 3 arc-second)] are expected with current manufacturing and logistical conditions.

Abstract: A utility vehicle integrated a motorcycle and a motorized watercraft within a hull is presented. It can be set in a motorcycle status or a motorized watercraft status. The two statuses of the vehicle shares a driving power source, and a driving power shifting control system is used to shift the driving power to either one of the two statuses with rider's choice. A steering system also is used to control the move directions for both the motorcycle status and the motorized watercraft status. The hull of the vehicle is formed by a front hull with a front wheel cabinet and a rear hull with a rear wheel cabinet, and it is sealed to make the vehicle buoy on the water surfaces as a motorized watercraft. The wheels of the vehicle can be pushed out with the open of the wheel cabinet doors to stand as a conventional motorcycle, or can be pulled back and hide in the wheel cabinets with the close of the wheel cabinet doors.

Abstract: A utility vehicle integrated a motorcycle and a motorized watercraft within a hull is presented. It can be set in a motorcycle status or a motorized watercraft status. The two statuses of the vehicle shares a driving power source, and a driving power shifting control system is used to shift the driving power to either one of the two statuses with rider's choice. A steering system also is used to control the move directions for both the motorcycle status and the motorized watercraft status. The hull of the vehicle is formed by a front hull with a front wheel cabinet and a rear hull with a rear wheel cabinet, and it is sealed to make the vehicle buoy on the water surfaces as a motorized watercraft. The wheels of the vehicle can be pushed out with the open of the wheel cabinet doors to stand as a conventional motorcycle, or can be pulled back and hide in the wheel cabinets with the close of the wheel cabinet doors.

Abstract: This application discloses various methods of braking control and ABS systems based on acceleration comparison methods. The methods and ABS systems can have various embodiments. The preferred embodiments are acceleration sequence comparison method, acceleration difference comparison method, and acceleration sequence and difference comparison method. Various ABS systems can be constructed on the basis of the methods disclosed in this application.

Abstract: A racket for the sports of tennis and the like with a special handle is presented. The handle includes a two-bar grip and two accessary shafts. The two-bar grip is formed by the extensions from the head frame of the racket which are arranged to be symmetrical and parallel, and are fixed with predetermined length and width by a opened hole clamp and a stopped hole clamp. The two accessary shafts are mounted on each of the bars of the two-bar grip with their fixing loops, and the mounting position and orientation can be adjusted.