Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus, to improve network flexibility and security. The communication method includes: A terminal device sends a first request message, where the first request message is used to request to serve the terminal device in N1 subnets of a core network, the first request message includes configuration information of each of the N1 subnets, and N1 is a positive integer greater than 1; and the terminal device obtains a first response message, where the first response message indicates that the terminal device is served in N2 subnets, the N2 subnets include some or all of the N1 subnets, N2 is a positive integer less than or equal to N1, and the first response message includes a first temporary identifier, of the terminal device, in each of the N2 subnets.

Abstract: A communication method includes: A terminal device determines a first identifier and first domain information, where the first identifier includes an encrypted identifier of the terminal device, and the first domain information indicates a domain in which a network element that manages data information of the terminal device is located. The terminal device sends the first identifier and the first domain information to a first network element. The method may be implemented with an apparatus.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: A first mobility management function network element receives a first message from a first access network element, where the first message indicates that a terminal device is to be handed over from the first access network element to a second access network element; and the first mobility management function network element determines, based on the first message, that the terminal device is to perform mobility management function network element handover, and sends a second message to a first access management function network element, where the second message is used to request the terminal device to perform mobility management function network element handover, or is used to request the terminal device to be handed over from the first mobility management function network element to a second mobility management function network element.

Abstract: A method includes: receiving M scrambled models from M online service nodes; receiving descrambling secrets from T online service nodes, where a descrambling secret of any online service node is determined based on M first shared keys of the online service node corresponding to the M online service nodes and N?M second shared keys of the online service node corresponding to N?M offline service nodes; and determining an aggregated model, where disturbance vectors of the M scrambled models are determined based on the descrambling secrets from the at least T online service nodes, at least N?T+1 first subsecrets determined by each service node based on N first shared keys and a first disturbance item corresponding to the service node, and at least N?T+1 second subsecrets determined by the service node based on N second shared keys and a second disturbance item corresponding to the service node.

Abstract: An access management entity receives a first connection request message used to request to establish a connection between an access network device and a mobility management entity and sends a second connection request message to the mobility management entity. The second connection request message is used to request to establish a connection between the access management entity and the mobility management entity. The mobility management entity is determined based on user access information included in the first connection request message. The access management entity receives a second connection response message indicating information about the connection between the access management entity and the mobility management entity. The access management entity sends a first connection response message indicating information about a connection between the access network device and the access management entity to the access.

Abstract: This application provides a network resource management method and a communication apparatus. The network resource management method includes: A terminal device generates a request message, where the request message is used to operate a life cycle of a target network (S301), and the request message is control plane signaling or user plane signaling between the terminal device and a core network device. The terminal device sends the request message to the core network device (S302). The core network device operates, based on the request message, the life cycle that is of the target network and that is managed by the core network device (S303).

Abstract: This application provides a network resource management method and a communication apparatus. The network resource management method includes: A first network element receives a first message from a second network element. The first message carries an identifier of a first terminal device, and the first message is used to request to create or select a first user service node corresponding to the first terminal device. Further, the first network element creates or selects the first user service node based on the identifier of the first terminal device, where the first user service node is configured to provide a network service for the first terminal device.

Abstract: This application provides a network function creation method and a communication apparatus. The network function creation method includes: A first entity receives a first request message, where the first request message is used to request to create or select a user network corresponding to a terminal device, and the first request message includes a user identifier of the terminal device. The first entity creates or selects a control plane function based on the user identifier, where the control plane function is used to create or select a user plane function corresponding to the control plane function, and the user plane function is used to support a subscription service corresponding to the user identifier. According to the network function creation method, the control plane function can be created, and the user plane function meeting all session subscriptions of a user can be created by using the control plane function.

Abstract: This application discloses a communication method and apparatus, a storage medium, and a program product. The method includes: A server sends training information. The training information includes a global model in a previous round and identifiers of at least two second terminals that participate in a current round of training. A first terminal sends a local model of the first terminal. The local model is obtained based on the global model in the previous round and a shared key. The server receives local models of the at least two second terminals, and aggregates the local models of the at least two second terminals based on a shared key between the at least two second terminals, to obtain an updated global model in the current round. According to the solutions of this application, security in a neural network training process is improved.

Abstract: This application discloses a task processing method and an apparatus. The method includes the following steps: A first node determines a first task, and sends a first message. The first node includes a first core network device and/or a first access network device, the first task is a task related to artificial intelligence AI, the first message includes identification information of a second task and/or configuration information of the second task, the second task is a subtask of the first task, the second task is executed by a second node, and the second node is one of nodes configured to execute the first task.

Abstract: A data processing method includes receiving, from a client, a link request associated with a link in an online article, where the link request includes a matter name corresponding to a matter described in the article and a publishing time of the article. The method also includes obtaining a trend chart corresponding to the matter name, where the trend chart includes data associated with the publishing time, annotating information associated with the publishing time in the trend chart, and sending the annotated trend chart to the client for display.

Abstract: A data processing method includes receiving, from a client, a link request associated with a link in an online article, where the link request includes a matter name corresponding to a matter described in the article and a publishing time of the article. The method also includes obtaining a trend chart corresponding to the matter name, where the trend chart includes data associated with the publishing time, annotating information associated with the publishing time in the trend chart, and sending the annotated trend chart to the client for display.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a soft handover method and device. The soft handover method includes: receiving a soft handover request sent by a home access node, where the soft handover request includes user plane information of the home access node and an identifier of an RNC; establishing a signaling connection mapping between the home access node and the RNC, and forwarding the soft handover request to the RNC; receiving a soft handover response returned by the RNC; establishing a user plane connection mapping between the home access node and the RNC, forwarding the soft handover response to an HNB based on forwarding user plane information, and forwarding user plane data. The technical solutions of the present invention implement a soft handover process between a macro cell and a home access node cell.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a soft handover method and device. The soft handover method includes: receiving a soft handover request sent by a home access node, where the soft handover request includes user plane information of the home access node and an identifier of an RNC; establishing a signaling connection mapping between the home access node and the RNC, and forwarding the soft handover request to the RNC; receiving a soft handover response returned by the RNC; establishing a user plane connection mapping between the home access node and the RNC, forwarding the soft handover response to an HNB based on forwarding user plane information, and forwarding user plane data. The technical solutions of the present invention implement a soft handover process between a macro cell and a home access node cell.

Abstract: This invention relates to a substrate and the application. In particular, this invention discloses a substrate which has at least one contact structure at least on one side and at least one contact structure at least on one surface of the substrate. The substrate includes a thermal insulation material comprising at least two materials selecting from a thermal energy reflecting material, a homogeneous foam material, a heterogeneous foam material, a skin material, a skeleton structured material, an electromagnetic wave shielding material. The substrate may be used to construct various articles with different features of energy saving, decoration and protection as well as simple installation for various applications.