Abstract: An online system communicates a lead generation message to a client device associated with a user. The lead generation message includes a selectable option authorizing a third-party entity to open a channel of communication with the user. If the online system receives from the client device an interaction with the selectable option, the online system sends a notification to the third-party entity indicating that the user associated with the client device interacted with the lead generation content item. The third-party entity may then send a request to the online system to send a message to the user via a messaging system controlled by the online system. The online system thus enables the third-party entity to communicate with the user via the messaging system. The online system then uses information about the communication to train a model to optimize the selection of lead generation messages to users.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to facilitating control of advertisement spending. In embodiments, a spend rate allocated to a datacenter having a plurality of bidders is referenced. The spend rate allocated to the data center is used to determine a spend rate per bidder for each of the plurality of bidders within the datacenter. For each bidder, the spend rate per bidder is used to generate a bid rate indicating a number of advertisement bids to place per unit of time in accordance with a real time advertisement auction. Each bid rate generated for the corresponding bidder is intended to result in placement of an amount of advertisement bids that correspond with the spend rate per bidder. The bid rates are provided to the plurality of bidders, wherein each of the plurality of bidders uses the corresponding bid rate to determine whether to place a bid for an advertisement.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to facilitating control of advertisement spending. In embodiments, a spend rate allocated to a datacenter having a plurality of bidders is referenced. The spend rate allocated to the data center is used to determine a spend rate per bidder for each of the plurality of bidders within the datacenter. For each bidder, the spend rate per bidder is used to generate a bid rate indicating a number of advertisement bids to place per unit of time in accordance with a real time advertisement auction. Each bid rate generated for the corresponding bidder is intended to result in placement of an amount of advertisement bids that correspond with the spend rate per bidder. The bid rates are provided to the plurality of bidders, wherein each of the plurality of bidders uses the corresponding bid rate to determine whether to place a bid for an advertisement.

Abstract: The cardinality of an audience logical expression is estimated in real time based on Hyperloglog data structures. In embodiments, an apparatus includes a communication module to receive a query for cardinality estimation associated with an audience logical expression. Further, the apparatus includes a conversion module to convert the audience logical expression into an equivalent expression based on selected Hyperloglog data structures, and an estimation module estimates the cardinality associated with the audience logical expression based on one or more addition or subtraction operations with the respective cardinality associated with the selected Hyperloglog data structures.