Abstract: An electromagnetic device includes: an electromagnetically reflective structure having an electrically conductive structure and a plurality of electrically conductive electromagnetic reflectors that are integrally formed with or are in electrical communication with the electrically conductive structure; wherein the plurality of reflectors are disposed relative to each other in an ordered arrangement; and, wherein each reflector of the plurality of reflectors forms a wall that defines and at least partially circumscribes a recess having an electrically conductive base that forms part of or is in electrical communication with the electrically conductive structure.

Abstract: A method of making a dielectric, Dk, electromagnetic, EM, structure, includes: providing a first mold portion comprising substantially identical ones of a first plurality of recesses arranged in an array; filling the first plurality of recesses with a curable first Dk composition having a first average dielectric constant greater than that of air after full cure; placing a substrate on top of and across multiple ones of the first plurality of recesses filled with the first Dk composition, and at least partially curing the curable first Dk composition; and, removing the substrate with the at least partially cured first Dk composition from the first mold portion, resulting in an assembly having the substrate and a plurality of Dk forms including the at least partially cured first Dk composition, each of the plurality of Dk forms having a three dimensional, 3D, shape defined by corresponding ones of the first plurality of recesses.

Abstract: A connected-DRA array including: a plurality of DRAs each having at least one volume of non-gaseous dielectric material; each of the plurality of DRAs having a proximal end and a distal end, and an overall height, H, from the proximal end to the distal end; wherein each of the plurality of DRAs is physically connected to at least one other of the plurality of DRAs via a relatively thin connecting structure being relatively thin as compared to an overall outside dimension of one of the plurality of DRAs, each connecting structure having a cross sectional overall height, h, as observed in the elevation view of the connected-DRA array, that is less than the overall height, H, of a respective connected DRA and being formed of a thin sheet of the at least one volume of non-gaseous dielectric material; wherein the thin sheet extends over a substantial portion of the connected-DRA array as observed in a plan view of the connected-DRA array.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a DRA, or an array of the DRA's, each DRA including: a substrate; and, a plurality of volumes of dielectric materials disposed on the substrate comprising N volumes, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3, disposed to form successive and sequential layered volumes V(i), i being an integer from 1 to N, wherein volume V(1) forms an innermost volume, wherein a successive volume V(i+1) forms a layered volume disposed over and at least partially embedding volume V(i), wherein volume V(N) at least partially embeds all volumes V(1) to V(N?1), the method including: forming on the substrate a first volume of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials from a first dielectric material having a first dielectric constant; and, forming over the first volume a second volume of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials with a second dielectric material having a second dielectric constant.

Abstract: A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) includes: a volume of a dielectric material configured to be responsive to a signal feed, the signal feed being productive of a main E-field component having a defined direction ? in the DRA; wherein the volume of a dielectric material includes a volume of non-gaseous dielectric material having an inner region having a dielectric medium having a first dielectric constant, the volume of non-gaseous dielectric material that is other than the inner region having a second dielectric constant, the first dielectric constant being less than the second dielectric constant; wherein the volume of non-gaseous dielectric material has a cross sectional overall height Hv as observed in an elevation view of the DRA, and a cross sectional overall width Wv in a direction parallel to the defined direction ? as observed in the plan view of the DRA; and wherein Hv is greater than Wv/2.

Abstract: An electromagnetic, EM, component operational at a defined operating frequency, includes: a body of material having at least one magneto-dielectric material, MDM, with a magnetic material having a relative permeability greater than one and dielectric material having a relative permittivity greater than one, at the defined operating frequency; wherein the magnetic material has one of: a multi-phase crystal structure; or, a non-cubic crystal structure; and, wherein the EM component is at least one of; an EM resonator, and an EM beam shaper.

Abstract: A connected dielectric resonator antenna array (connected-DRA array) operational at an operating frequency and associated wavelength, includes: a plurality of dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs), each of the plurality of DRAs having at least one volume of non-gaseous dielectric material; wherein each of the plurality of DRAs is physically connected to at least one other of the plurality of DRAs via a relatively thin connecting structure, each connecting structure being relatively thin as compared to an overall outside dimension of one of the plurality of DRAs, each connecting structure having a cross sectional overall height that is less than an overall height of a respective connected DRA and being formed from at least one of the at least one volume of non-gaseous dielectric material, each connecting structure and the associated volume of the at least one volume of non-gaseous dielectric material forming a single monolithic portion of the connected-DRA array.

Abstract: A method of making a dielectric, Dk, electromagnetic, EM, structure, includes: providing a first mold portion comprising substantially identical ones of a first plurality of recesses arranged in an array; filling the first plurality of recesses with a curable first Dk composition having a first average dielectric constant greater than that of air after full cure; placing a substrate on top of and across multiple ones of the first plurality of recesses filled with the first Dk composition, and at least partially curing the curable first Dk composition; and, removing the substrate with the at least partially cured first Dk composition from the first mold portion, resulting in an assembly having the substrate and a plurality of Dk forms including the at least partially cured first Dk composition, each of the plurality of Dk forms having a three dimensional, 3D, shape defined by corresponding ones of the first plurality of recesses.

Abstract: A wearable electromagnetic, EM, apparatus includes: at least one antenna operable in a millimeter-wave-radar-based, MWRB, application; at least one computer processor disposed in signal communication with the at least one antenna; an attachment system configured and adapted to attach to an actor; the at least one antenna and the at least one computer processor disposed in a supported relationship with the attachment system, such that the attachment system with the supported at least one antenna and the at least one computer processor at least partially forms a wearable apparatus that is wearable by the actor.

Abstract: A radar-enabled multi-vehicle system includes: at least two vehicles, each vehicle having: at least one antenna; a radar module configured and disposed to be in signal communication with the at least one antenna, the radar module configured to transmit and receive radar signals from and to the at least one antenna; a connectivity module configured and disposed to be in signal communication with the radar module, and to be in signal communication with a corresponding connectivity module of another one of the at least two vehicles; and, a power source configured and disposed to provide operational power to the at least one antenna, the radar module, and the connectivity module.

Abstract: An electromagnetic, EM, device, includes: a dielectric structure, comprising: a first dielectric portion, FDP, having a proximal end and a distal end, the FDP comprising a dielectric material other than air; and a second dielectric portion, SDP, disposed adjacent the FDP, the SDP having a proximal end and a distal end, the distal end of the SDP being disposed over and outward of the distal end of the FDP, the SDP comprising a dielectric material other than air; wherein the FDP and the SDP have different dielectric constants with respect to each other; wherein the SDP has an overall maximum height, HS, and an overall maximum width, WS, where HS is greater than WS; wherein HS is viewed in a direction from the proximal end to the distal end of the SDP, and WS is viewed in a direction orthogonal to HS.

Abstract: A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) includes: a volume of a dielectric material configured to be responsive to a signal feed, the signal feed being productive of a main E-field component having a defined direction ? in the DRA; wherein the volume of a dielectric material includes a volume of non-gaseous dielectric material having an inner region having a dielectric medium having a first dielectric constant, the volume of non-gaseous dielectric material that is other than the inner region having a second dielectric constant, the first dielectric constant being less than the second dielectric constant; wherein the volume of non-gaseous dielectric material has a cross sectional overall height Hv as observed in an elevation view of the DRA, and a cross sectional overall width Wv in a direction parallel to the defined direction ? as observed in the plan view of the DRA; and wherein Hv is greater than Wv/2.

Abstract: A dielectric resonator antenna, DRA, includes: an electrically conductive ground structure; a dielectric material disposed on the ground structure; a signal feed electromagnetically coupled to the dielectric material; wherein the dielectric material provides a continuous uninterrupted internal geometric path from a side of the signal feed to an opposing side through a top of the dielectric material that is configured to at least partially support a TE radiating mode; and, the dielectric material defining therein a first geometrical path having a first direction, as observed in a plan view of the DRA, and defining therein a second geometrical path having a second direction, as observed in the plan view of the DRA, that is orthogonal to the first direction of the first geometrical path, the second geometrical path having an effective dielectric constant that is less than an effective dielectric constant of the first geometrical path, the first geometrical path, relative to the second geometrical path, being a f

Abstract: A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) includes: an electrically conductive ground structure; at least one volume of a dielectric material disposed on the ground structure; a signal feed disposed and structured to be electromagnetically coupled to the at least one volume of a dielectric material; and an electrically conductive fence disposed circumferentially around the at least one volume of a dielectric material, and electrically connected with and forming part of the electrically conductive ground structure.

Abstract: A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) includes: a plurality of volumes of dielectric materials comprising N volumes, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3, disposed to form successive and sequential layered volumes V(i), i being an integer from 1 to N, wherein volume V(1) forms an innermost volume, wherein a successive volume V(i+1) forms a layered shell disposed over and at least partially embedding volume V(i), wherein volume V(N) at least partially embeds all volumes V(1) to V(N?1); and, wherein the DRA when excited via an electrical signal is configured to produce a far field 3D radiation pattern that occupies a topological space corresponding to a two-element homotopy group defined by a family of closed loop paths that are contractible at a single point, and by a family of closed loop paths that are not contractible at a single point.

Abstract: A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) operable at a defined frequency includes: at least one volume of a dielectric material configured and structured to be responsive to a signal feed when electromagnetically coupled to the at least one volume of a dielectric material, the signal feed when present and electrically excited being productive of a main E-field component having a defined direction, ?, in the DRA as observed in a plan view of the DRA; wherein the at least one volume of a dielectric material includes a non-gaseous dielectric material having a defined dielectric constant, the non-gaseous dielectric material having an inner region having a dielectric medium having a dielectric constant that is less than the dielectric constant of the non-gaseous dielectric material, at the defined frequency; wherein the inner region has a cross sectional overall height Hr as observed in an elevation view of the DRA, and a cross sectional overall width Wr in a direction parallel to the direction ? as observed in the pl

Abstract: A dielectric resonator antenna, DRA, includes: a ground structure; a plurality of volumes of dielectric materials disposed on the ground structure having N volumes V1 to VN, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3; a signal feed disposed and structured to be electromagnetically coupled to one or more of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials; wherein adjacent ones of the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials have different dielectric constants with respect to each other; wherein each volume V2 to VN?1 includes a dielectric material other than air; and, wherein at least volume V1 has a cross sectional shape as observed in an elevation view with an overall height that is greater than half its respective overall width.

Abstract: A dielectric resonator antenna, DRA, includes: an electrically conductive ground structure; a plurality of volumes of dielectric materials disposed on the ground structure comprising N volumes, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3, disposed to form sequential layered volumes Vi, i being an integer from 1 to N, wherein volume V1 forms an innermost first volume, wherein a successive volume Vi+1 forms a layered shell disposed over and at least partially embedding volume Vi, wherein volume VN at least partially embeds all volumes V1 to VN?1; wherein a portion of the dielectric material of volume VN bifurcates at least a portion of volumes V1 to VN?1; wherein the plurality of volumes of dielectric materials has a first effective dielectric constant along a first geometrical path, and has a second effective dielectric constant along a second geometrical path that is lower than the first effective dielectric constant.

Abstract: A dielectric resonator antenna, DRA, includes: an electrically conductive ground structure; a dielectric material disposed on the ground structure; a signal feed electromagnetically coupled to the dielectric material; wherein the dielectric material provides a continuous uninterrupted internal geometric path from a side of the signal feed to an opposing side through a top of the dielectric material that is configured to at least partially support a TE radiating mode; and, the dielectric material defining therein a first geometrical path having a first direction, as observed in a plan view of the DRA, and defining therein a second geometrical path having a second direction, as observed in the plan view of the DRA, that is orthogonal to the first direction of the first geometrical path, the second geometrical path having an effective dielectric constant that is less than an effective dielectric constant of the first geometrical path, the first geometrical path, relative to the second geometrical path, being a f

Abstract: A wearable electromagnetic, EM, apparatus includes: at least one antenna operable in a millimeter-wave-radar-based, MWRB, application; at least one computer processor disposed in signal communication with the at least one antenna; an attachment system configured and adapted to attach to an actor; the at least one antenna and the at least one computer processor disposed in a supported relationship with the attachment system, such that the attachment system with the supported at least one antenna and the at least one computer processor at least partially forms a wearable apparatus that is wearable by the actor.