Abstract: The present invention provides a universal fluorescent probing system and method for result readout of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) or reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) in a closed-tube manner using at least three different types of universal quantum dot probes, including sulfonate-, carboxyl-, and amine-modified quantum dots (QDs). Detection mechanism of the present system and method relies on a co-precipitation of the modified QDs with magnesium pyrophosphate crystals (one of the positive LAMP/RT-LAMP reaction products) formed during the reaction. The present system and method are advantageous over the existing technologies in terms of simple preparation, low cost, as well as excellent universality, specificity and sensitivity.

Abstract: A method for differentiating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) involves deleting a sequence encoding LNC000093 long non-coding RNA from the iPSC genome, culturing the modified iPSCs to generate colonies, and dissociating these colonies to form embryoid bodies. The embryoid bodies are transferred to a first plate to induce neural rosette formation. The neural rosettes are detached and cultured in suspension to develop into neurospheres, which are subsequently transferred to a second plate to promote differentiation into RGCs.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing conjugates between macromolecule and nanoparticle by forming a thin reinforcement layer over the surface of a nanoparticle after macromolecule chains have attached to the surface of the nanoparticle. The stabilized conjugates can be used in a wide range of applications such as in vitro diagnostics, in vivo imaging and therapeutics, which need to be conducted under various severe or harsh conditions.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing conjugates between macromolecule and nanoparticle by forming a thin reinforcement layer over the surface of a nanoparticle after macromolecule chains have attached to the surface of the nanoparticle. The stabilized conjugates can be used in a wide range of applications such as in vitro diagnostics, in vivo imaging and therapeutics, which need to be conducted under various severe or harsh conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an assay and methods for determining the presence of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus in a sample. Determination should be made by detector. Via the assay, rapid, real-time detection of V. parahaemolyticus is possible.