Abstract: A method for determining a three-dimensional tortuosity of a loose and broken rock-soil mass, includes the following steps: a particle grading curve of the loose and broken rock-soil mass is obtained by utilizing a particle size analysis, and followed by calculating an equivalent particle size and an average particle size; a porosity of the loose and broken rock-soil mass is obtained by utilizing a moisture content test, a density test, and a specific gravity test; the three-dimensional tortuosity of the loose and broken rock-soil mass is obtained by utilizing the equivalent particle size, the average particle size and the porosity of the loose and broken rock-soil mass. The method has the advantages of simple logic, accuracy and reliability, simple and fast parameter determination, and has high practical value and promotion value in the field of environmental protection and ecological restoration technology.

Abstract: An enhanced push-button includes a keycap disposed on an elastic member and having a top surface and an opposing bottom surface, and a reinforcing member mounted on the bottom surface of the keycap and having an outer surface facing the elastic member and an abutting portion located on the outer surface. The abutting portion has a contact surface recessed on the outer surface. The elastic member extends into the abutting portion such that the contact surface is abutted against the elastic member for allowing the keycap to be pressed with the reinforcing member against the elastic member to trigger a circuit switch. The invention can have better overall structural rigidity and operating feel and can maintain the pressing quality of the push-button and is suitable for low profile keyboards.

Abstract: An enhanced push-button includes a keycap disposed on an elastic member and having a top surface and an opposing bottom surface, and a reinforcing member mounted on the bottom surface of the keycap and having an outer surface facing the elastic member and an abutting portion located on the outer surface. The abutting portion has a contact surface recessed on the outer surface. The elastic member extends into the abutting portion such that the contact surface is abutted against the elastic member for allowing the keycap to be pressed with the reinforcing member against the elastic member to trigger a circuit switch. The invention can have better overall structural rigidity and operating feel and can maintain the pressing quality of the push-button and is suitable for low profile keyboards.

Abstract: Remote control apparatus, systems and methods based on a wireless message service. In an example embodiment, the system includes transmitting means for transmitting a wireless message and receiving means for receiving the wireless message. It has a control application server which has security checking means for ensuring safety of the system, command generator for generating a control command as a function of the received wireless message and communication means for transferring the control command to a device to be controlled. The control command is transferred to the device through a network.