Abstract: Embodiments of the present application are directed to an automation process method to generate a set of wetland predictive variables using Light Detection and Ranging (“LiDAR”) data within a geographic information system (“GIS”) software platform, according to some embodiments, and to model and predict wetland in ArcGIS platform using the generated variable set. The automatic process also can run analysis on and display of the predicted wetland. The process is built by developing modules and connection in GIS. The above mentioned processes are automatically run and may just be run by one-button press, or on click, or separate buttons press, or separate clicks.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application are directed to an automation process method to generate a set of wetland predictive variables using Light Detection and Ranging (“LiDAR”) data within a geographic information system (“GIS”) software platform, according to some embodiments, and to model and predict wetland in ArcGIS platform using the generated variable set. The automatic process also can run analysis on and display of the predicted wetland. The process is built by developing modules and connection in GIS. The above mentioned processes are automatically run and may just be run by one-button press, or on click, or separate buttons press, or separate clicks.

Abstract: There is provided a set of methods for generating state space models of general VLSI interconnect and transmission lines, trees and nets by closed forms with exact accuracy and low computation complexity. The state space model is built by three types of models: the branch model, the connection model and the non-connection model, that are block matrices in closed forms, arranged with topology. The main features are the topology structure, simplicity and accuracy of the closed forms of the state space models {A,B,C,D} or {A,B,C}, computation complexity of O(N) in sense of scalar multiplication times, where N is the total system order, practice of the modeling, ELO model simplification, and their optimization. For evenly distributed interconnect and transmission lines, trees and nets, the closed forms of state space model have the computation complexity of O(1), i.e., only a fixed constant of scalar multiplication times.

Abstract: There is provided a set of methods for generating state space models of general VLSI interconnect and transmission lines, trees and nets by closed forms with exact accuracy and low computation complexity. The state space model is built by three types of models: the branch model, the connection model and the non-connection model, that are block matrices in closed forms, arranged with topology. The main features are the topology structure, simplicity and accuracy of the closed forms of the state space models {A,B,C,D} or {A,B,C}, computation complexity of O(N) in sense of scalar multiplication times, where N is the total system order, practice of the modeling, ELO model simplification, and their optimization. For evenly distributed interconnect and transmission lines, trees and nets, the closed forms of state space model have the computation complexity of O(1), i.e., only a fixed constant of scalar multiplication times.

Abstract: There is provided a set of methods with the exact accuracy to effectively calculate the 2n-th order state space models of RLC distributed interconnect and transmission line in closed forms in time domain and transfer functions by recursive algorithms in frequency domain, where their RLC components can be evenly distributed or variously valued. The main features include simplicity and accuracy of the said closed forms of the state space models {A,B,C,D} without involving matrix inverse and matrix multiplication operations, effectiveness and accuracy of the said recursive algorithms of the transfer functions, dramatic reduction of the calculation complexity to O(n2) for the state space models, simulation methodology, and practice of various model reductions and their optimization. For evenly distributed RLC interconnect and transmission line, the said closed form of state space model has its computation complexity of only a fixed constant, i.e., O(1).

Abstract: There is provided robust diameter-controlled optical fiber during optical fiber drawing process and an optical fiber drawing process which comprises drawing the optical fiber from a perform therefor under tension to form the optical fiber while heating and melting the preform, wherein an outer diameter of the preform is measured (at a safe position immediately) above the furnace, an outer diameter of the optical fiber on which no coating has been provided is measured at one process position or two process positions before coating, and drawing conditions are robustly controlled based on the deviation of the measured optical fiber diameter data and the measured preform diameter data from a preselected outer diameter of the optical fiber and a preselected outer diameter of the preform.

Abstract: There is provided a set of methods with the exact accuracy to effectively calculate the n-th order state space models of RC distributed interconnect and transmission line in closed forms in time domain and transfer functions by recursive algorithms in frequency domain, where their RC components can be evenly distributed or variously valued. The main features include simplicity and accuracy of the said closed forms of the state space models {A,B,C,D} without involving matrix inverse and matrix multiplication operations, effectiveness and accuracy of the said recursive algorithms of the transfer functions, dramatic reduction of the calculation complexity to O(n) for the state space models, simulation methodology, and practice of various model reductions and their optimization. For evenly distributed RC interconnect and transmission line, the said closed form of state space model has its computation complexity of only a fixed constant, i.e., O(1).

Abstract: There is provided a set of methods with the exact accuracy to effectively calculate the n-th order state space models of RC distributed interconnect and transmission line in closed forms in time domain and transfer functions by recursive algorithms in frequency domain, where their RC components can be evenly distributed or variously valued. The main features include simplicity and accuracy of the said closed forms of the state space models {A,B,C,D} without involving matrix inverse and matrix multiplication operations, effectiveness and accuracy of the said recursive algorithms of the transfer functions, dramatic reduction of the calculation complexity to O(n) for the state space models, simulation methodology, and practice of various model reductions and their optimization. For evenly distributed RC interconnect and transmission line, the said closed form of state space model has its computation complexity of only a fixed constant, i.e., O(l).

Abstract: There is provided a set of methods with the exact accuracy to effectively calculate the 2n-th order state space models of RLC distributed interconnect and transmission line in closed forms in time domain and transfer functions by recursive algorithms in frequency domain, where their RLC components can be evenly distributed or variously valued. The main features include simplicity and accuracy of the said closed forms of the state space models {A,B,C,D} without involving matrix inverse and matrix multiplication operations, effectiveness and accuracy of the said recursive algorithms of the transfer functions, dramatic reduction of the calculation complexity to O(n2) for the state space models, simulation methodology, and practice of various model reductions and their optimization. For evenly distributed RLC interconnect and transmission line, the said closed form of state space model has its computation complexity of only a fixed constant, i.e., O(1).

Abstract: There is provided robust diameter-controlled optical fiber during optical fiber drawing process and an optical fiber drawing process which comprises drawing the optical fiber from a perform therefor under tension to form the optical fiber while heating and melting the preform, wherein an outer diameter of the preform is measured (at a safe position immediately) above the furnace, an outer diameter of the optical fiber on which no coating has been provided is measured at one process position or two process positions before coating, and drawing conditions are robustly controlled based on the deviation of the measured optical fiber diameter data and the measured preform diameter data from a preselected outer diameter of the optical fiber and a preselected outer diameter of the preform.