Abstract: The present invention discloses a phosphine nitrogen ligand with multiple chiral centers and its synthesis method and application. The ligand has the axial chirality of a biaryl skeleton and the central chirality of a chiral amine. The chiral ligand is synthesized from commercially available raw materials through a simple five-step reaction, and the resulting diastereomer can be separated by simple column chromatography or recrystallization. The chiral phosphine nitrogen ligand synthesized by the present invention can catalyze the asymmetric three-component coupling reaction of terminal alkynes, aldehydes and amines, and realize the efficient preparation of chiral propargyl amines with high optical activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the design and synthesis of a class of novel chiral phosphine ligand, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphinoalkylamido)-1,2-disubstituted ethane, and use in asymmetric catalytic reactions, such as asymmetric catalytic synthesis of pyrazoline-5-one with a chiral quaternary carbon center, i.e., highly enantioselective synthesis of 3-methyl-4-benzyl-4-(2-butyl-2,3-butadienyl)pyrazoline-5-one by using 3-methyl-4-benzylpyrazoline-5-one and benzyl (2-butyl-2,3-butadienyl) carbonate with tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium-chloroform adduct and this novel ligand as catalysts. The ligand designed by this present invention has the following advantages: the structure is novel, the synthesis and enlarge are simple, the enantioselective control effect in the practical reaction is excellent, which has a broad application prospect in chiral catalysis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a visible-light-mediated one-step method for preparing phenol and cyclohexanone from cyclohexylbenzene (CHB). The method specifically comprises: under the irradiation of visible light, and with a hydrogen bromide solution as a catalyst and oxygen as an oxidizing agent, directly oxidizing cyclohexylbenzene in an organic solvent to break a carbon-carbon bond, so as to generate phenol and cyclohexanone. The method avoids such a process in a cyclohexylbenzene method in the prior art that cyclohexylbenzene needs to be first oxidized to obtain cyclohexylbenzene-1-hydroperoxide (1-CHBHP), then the mixture of the oxidation reaction products is treated, and then a cyclohexylbenzene peroxide is decomposed in an acidic condition to obtain phenol and cyclohexanone, and also avoids potential risks caused by the accumulation of peroxides.

Abstract: Disclosed are a preparation method for a 1,3-disubstituted allene compound at room temperature based on a metal carbene catalyst, comprising: reacting terminal alkynes, aldehydes and amines in an organic solvent under the action of a gold catalyst and a molecular sieve, and then synthesizing a 1,3-disubstituted allene compound at room temperature. The method of the present invention is simple to operate, raw materials and reagents are easily obtained, reaction conditions are mild, substrate universality is wide, functional group compatibility is good, yield is high (36-93%), the method is scalable (11 g), and practicability is strong. The 1,3-disubstituted allene compound obtained in the present invention may be used as an important intermediate to construct ?-caprolactone, trans-allyl alcohol, other allene-derived compounds and natural product molecules and the like.

Abstract: An airbridge arrangement method for a chip layout includes obtaining location information of n points defining routing of a coplanar waveguide (CPW) to be arranged in the chip layout, n being an integer greater than 1. The method further includes automatically determining a skeleton line of the CPW according to the location information of the n points and according to the chip layout, the skeleton line of the CPW being a center line of a center conductor of the CPW. The method further includes automatically arranging airbridges on the chip layout according to the skeleton line of the CPW.

Abstract: Organic intermediate synthesis, and provides a method for light-promoted oxidation of a compound containing a saturated carbon-hydrogen bond, comprising mixing a compound containing a saturated carbon-hydrogen bond with a catalyst, and oxidizing the compound containing a saturated carbon-hydrogen bond in an oxygen or air atmosphere at a temperature of 20° C. to 100° C. under light irradiation to generate an oxidation product. A method for the light-promoted direct oxidation of a compound containing a saturated carbon-hydrogen bond, which only requires a relatively low temperature to be carried out, has good compatibility with functional groups, short reaction time, high reaction efficiency, low reaction costs, high added value, simple operation and good safety, and is a mild, green and environmentally friendly oxidation method.

Abstract: In a routing method, an initial chip layout and routing planning information corresponding to the initial chip layout are obtained. The routing planning information includes planning information of a first site in the initial chip layout. The planning information indicates a location region, a routing orientation, and a predefined connection path. A first end of the predefined connection path is connected to the first site. According to the location region and the routing orientation, a first route segment connecting a second site of the initial chip layout and a second end of the predefined connection path is determined. According to the predefined connection path, a second route segment connecting the second end of the predefined connection path and the first site is determined. According to the first route segment and the second route segment, a connection route between the second site and the first site is generated.

Abstract: This application discloses a circuit layout routing method performed by a computer device, and relates to the field of micro-nano processing technologies. The method includes: obtaining position information of at least one routing point in a circuit layout from routing planning information of the circuit layout; calculating, based on the position information, a turning starting position and a turning radius corresponding to each of the at least one routing point; and generating a routing path through the at least one routing point based on the turning starting position and the turning radius, the routing path turning at the turning starting position w ith the turning radius. The foregoing solution expands an applicable scenario of an automatic routing algorithm.

Abstract: A method of designing an air bridge layout in a circuit layout is performed by a computer device, and in particular, relates to the field of chip technologies. The method includes: obtaining position information of skeleton lines of CPW lines based on position information of the coplanar waveguide CPW lines in the circuit layout, each skeleton line being a center line of a corresponding CPW line; obtaining an interweave pair from the skeleton lines of the CPW lines based on the position information of the skeleton lines of the CPW lines, the interweave pair including two parallel skeleton line segments; and deploying air bridges on the circuit layout, the air bridges being deployed along the skeleton lines, and the air bridges on the two skeleton lines in the interweave pair being arranged in a staggered manner (340). According to the foregoing solution, interferences between air bridges on different CPW lines are reduced, and a success rate of subsequent circuit fabrication is improved.

Abstract: In a circuit layout processing method, an initial circuit layout of a chip is obtained. The initial circuit layout includes initial position information of a line in the chip. A correction value of the line is obtained. The correction value is set based on an etching processing error of the chip. A boundary of the line in the initial circuit layout is corrected based on the initial position information and the correction value to obtain a corrected circuit layout.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention is a preparation method for a tetra-substituted allenoic acid compound based on a palladium catalytic system, that is, a highly optically active allenoic acid compound having axial chirality is directly constructed in one step by reacting tertiary propargyl alcohol, carbon monoxide and water in an organic solvent under the action of a palladium catalyst, a chiral bisphosphine ligand, an organophosphoric acid, and an organic additive, and the theoretical yield can reach 100%. The method of the present invention is simple to operate, the raw materials and reagents are readily available, the reaction conditions are mild, the substrate universality is wide, the functional group compatibility is good, the reaction has high enantioselectivity (77%˜96% ee), and the reaction is well compatible with complex natural products or substrates of a drug molecular skeleton.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention is a total synthesis method for vitamin A and derivative thereof and deuterated compound thereof. ?-cyclocitral is used as a starting material to produce alkenyl boronate, then the alkenyl boronate (or hydrolyzed alkenyl boric acid) is subjected to a series of reactions to produce retinal or retinal with substituent, and the retinal or retinal with substituent is further subjected to a reduction reaction to obtain vitamin A or vitamin A with substituent; the vitamin A or vitamin A with substituent is subjected to an esterification reaction to obtain vitamin A ester or vitamin A ester with substituent; or said retinal or retinal with substituent is subjected to an oxidation reaction to obtain vitamin A acid or vitamin A acid with substituent. When deuterated allenol is used, deuterated vitamin A and derivative thereof are obtained.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for directly constructing highly optically active tetrasubstituted allenic acid compounds, i.e., a one-step process for directly constructing highly optically active axially chiral tetrasubstituted allenic acid compounds by using tertiary propargyl alcohol, carbon monoxide and water as reactants in an organic solvent in the presence of palladium catalyst, chiral diphosphine ligand, monophosphine ligand and organic phosphoric acid. The method of the present invention has the following advantages: operations are simple, raw materials and reagents are readily available, the reaction conditions are mild, the substrate has high universality, the functional group has good compatibility, and the reaction has high enantioselectivity (90%˜>99% ee).

Abstract: The present invention discloses a phosphine nitrogen ligand with multiple chiral centers and its synthesis method and application. The ligand has the axial chirality of a biaryl skeleton and the central chirality of a chiral amine. The chiral ligand is synthesized from commercially available raw materials through a simple five-step reaction, and the resulting diastereomer can be separated by simple column chromatography or recrystallization. The chiral phosphine nitrogen ligand synthesized by the present invention can catalyze the asymmetric three-component coupling reaction of terminal alkynes, aldehydes and amines, and realize the efficient preparation of chiral propargyl amines with high optical activity.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a newly high-efficiency method for co-production of carboxylic acid and ?-caprolactone based on the aerobic oxidation, that is, under the developed catalytic system, the aldehyde is oxidized to corresponding carboxylic acid while cyclohexanone is oxidized to ?-caprolactone, realizes the co-production of carboxylic acid and ?-caprolactone. The salient features of this method include the use of cheap and readily available substrates, mild reaction conditions, environmentally friendly, and easy operation. It can realize the co-production of carboxylic acid and high value-added ?-caprolactone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the design and synthesis of a class of novel chiral phosphine ligand, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphinoalkylamido)-1,2-disubstituted ethane, and use in asymmetric catalytic reactions, such as asymmetric catalytic synthesis of pyrazoline-5-one with a chiral quaternary carbon center, i.e., highly enantioselective synthesis of 3-methyl-4-benzyl-4-(2-butyl-2,3-butadienyl)pyrazoline-5-one by using 3-methyl-4-benzylpyrazoline-5-one and benzyl (2-butyl-2,3-butadienyl) carbonate with tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium-chloroform adduct and this novel ligand as catalysts. The ligand designed by this present invention has the following advantages: the structure is novel, the synthesis and enlarge are simple, the enantioselective control effect in the practical reaction is excellent, which has a broad application prospect in chiral catalysis.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for preparing aldehydes or ketones via aerobic oxidation of alcohols with the copper salts and nitroxide radicals as catalysts. Both oxygen and air could be used as oxidants, after 4 to 48 hours of reaction in an organic solvent at room temperature, the alcohols are efficiently oxidized to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones. The present invention has the following advantages: easy to operate, refraining from using chlorides which are corrosive to equipment, readily available raw materials and reagents, mils reaction conditions, the broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, convenient purification, environmentally friendly and no pollution. Thus, the method is suitable for industrial production.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for directly constructing highly optically active tetrasubstituted allenic acid compounds, i.e., a one-step process for directly constructing highly optically active axially chiral tetrasubstituted allenic acid compounds by using tertiary propargyl alcohol, carbon monoxide and water as reactants in an organic solvent in the presence of palladium catalyst, chiral diphosphine ligand, monophosphine ligand and organic phosphoric acid. The method of the present invention has the following advantages: operations are simple, raw materials and reagents are readily available, the reaction conditions are mild, the substrate has high universality, the functional group has good compatibility, and the reaction has high enantioselectivity (90%˜>99% ee).

Abstract: A transceiver comprises: a sampling phase optimization stage comprising: a first interpolator; a first equalizer coupled to the first interpolator; a first optimizer coupled to the first equalizer; and an output; and an equalization stage coupled to the output and comprising: a buffer; a second interpolator coupled to the buffer; and a second equalizer coupled to the second interpolator. A method comprising: receiving an optical burst signal; determining an optimum sampling phase based on a portion of a digital signal representing the optical burst signal; and equalizing all of the digital signal using the optimum sampling phase.

Abstract: A transceiver comprises: a sampling phase optimization stage comprising: a first interpolator; a first equalizer coupled to the first interpolator; a first optimizer coupled to the first equalizer; and an output; and an equalization stage coupled to the output and comprising: a buffer; a second interpolator coupled to the buffer; and a second equalizer coupled to the second interpolator. A method comprising: receiving an optical burst signal; determining an optimum sampling phase based on a portion of a digital signal representing the optical burst signal; and equalizing all of the digital signal using the optimum sampling phase.