Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing an environmentally-friendly high-strength wood composite material, which includes the following steps: S1. pulverizing wood into a wood flour, adding the wood flour to an acid solution to obtain a first mixture, ball milling the first mixture to obtain a ball milled mixture, and filtering the ball milled mixture, to obtain a dually-treated wood flour; S2. adding the dually-treated wood flour to a first alkaline solution, and performing a neutralization reaction, to obtain a second mixture; S3. adding an alkaline solution to the second mixture to remove part of lignin, to obtain a lignin-partially removed wood flour; S4. washing the lignin-partially removed wood flour with anhydrous ethanol and drying, to obtain a dried lignin-partially removed wood flour; S5. subjecting the dried lignin-partially removed wood flour to hot pressing, followed by cooling, to obtain the environmentally-friendly high-strength wood composite material.