Abstract: A safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel structure is disclosed. The apparatus includes an outer protecting layer (4) and buffering assemblies arranged in a layered manner along the vertical direction and fixed within the outer protecting layer (4). Each buffering assembly includes stiffening beams (3) distributed in a layered manner along the horizontal direction and buffer members (2) uniformly bridging between adjacent stiffening beams (3), and each of said buffer members (2) comprises a pair of arc-shaped damping spokes (1). Shock absorbing rubber elements (5) are provided between vertically adjacent stiffening beams (3). The apparatus has high safety, good durability, and it is convenient to be installed and maintained.