Abstract: The present disclosure provides a superhydrophobic and self-cleaning anticoagulant composite coating material and a preparation method and use thereof, and relates to the technical field of biomedical materials. In the coating material provided by the present disclosure, a titanium dioxide nanotube-based structure increases microscopic roughness of a surface of a titanium-based metal substrate, and a hydrophobic modification layer reduces surface energy of the material. The rough structure and the hydrophobic modification layer have a synergistic effect to construct a superhydrophobic surface, making the surface of the material have self-cleaning characteristics and low adhesion. Air can be retained on the surface of the material to form an air layer, thereby reducing the contact area between the material and bacteria and platelets in the blood, and inhibiting adhesion of the bacteria, platelets, and plasma proteins to the material.