Abstract: A power system includes a device configured to store pressurized fuel. An air motor having an air motor output member is in fluid communication with the storage device, and is configured to transfer the mechanical energy of the fuel to the air motor output member. A chemical energy conversion system is in fluid communication with the air motor to receive fuel therefrom. The chemical energy conversion system is configured to convert the chemical energy of the fuel to another form of energy, such as mechanical energy or electrical energy.

Abstract: An engine control system that having an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve includes a first module that determines an EGR error and a second module that calculates a fuel injection timing based on the EGR error. Operation of an engine is regulated based on the fuel injection timing to reduce emissions during transient operation of the engine.

Abstract: A direct injection fuel injector system includes a fuel injector defining nozzle holes in an optimized cluster configuration. Each hole of a conventional multi-hole nozzle is replaced by two smaller, closely spaced holes in a two-hole-per-cluster configuration. The holes within a cluster are configured one above the other, in two horizontal planes or rows, spaced a distance apart from one another. The distance “d” between the nozzle holes in the cluster configuration, the clustered plume angle “?”, which is the angular separation between the centerlines of the nozzle holes, as well as the included spray angle “?”, are optimized through computational fluid dynamics and combustion modeling so that an optimal compromise can be found between liquid penetration, spray penetration and air entrainment, whereby to minimize soot emissions.

Abstract: Dual-lobed cams mounted on the intake camshaft of a diesel engine selectively retard timing of the intake valve closure. The purpose of retarding timing of the intake valves is to retard valve closing sufficiently to shorten the effective compression strokes of the pistons and thus reduce the effective compression ratio. This occurs when the intake valves remain open past piston bottom dead center for a desired period into the normal compression stroke phase of engine operation. This reduces compression pressures so that combustion temperatures are reduced and exhaust emissions, primarily NOx, may be thus limited under conditions of warmed-up engine operation. Dual-lobed cams may also be employed to retard timing of the intake valve opening to throttle admitted air during cold running conditions to effect higher in-cylinder charge temperatures to reduce hydrocarbon and white smoke emissions due to poor ignition and incomplete combustion.

Abstract: An air intake system for an internal combustion engine includes a manifold defining a chamber in which air is distributed to a plurality of engine cylinders. The chamber includes an inlet and a plurality of outlets, each outlet providing fluid communication between the chamber and an engine cylinder. Each of the plurality of outlets is substantially the same distance from the inlet to provide more consistent gas flow rates through the outlets. The air intake system preferably includes a plurality of runners. Each of the plurality of runners defines a passageway that interconnects one of the outlets to a respective engine cylinder. Each passageway is characterized by the same length and the same cross sectional area.