Abstract: A system for decontamination of ground water containing one or more per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at water treatment plants includes a powder activated carbon (PAC) module in fluid communication with a source of water containing the PFAS, wherein the PAC module comprises at least one bag filter pre-filled with the powder activated carbon, and a filter ripening module positioned downstream of the PAC module and configured to capture excess color and turbidity, wherein the powder activated carbon has a particle size of at least about 1 micron.

Abstract: A system and method for decontamination of surface water containing one or more per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at water treatment plants is provided. The system includes a flocculation module, at least one solids removal module, and a powder activated carbon (PAC) module positioned downstream from the flocculation module and upstream of the at least one solid removal module. The PAC module including a metering device configured to continuously dose a powder activated carbon to water treatment plant process water.

Abstract: Bicarbonate conversion assisted reverse-osmosis (RO) treatment systems for treatment of contaminated water, particularly natural gas flowback water. The systems and processes provide for simultaneous conversion of the primary salt in gas production flowback waters from sodium bicarbonate to sodium sulfate, and flotation removal of organic contaminants, for the enhanced water recovery by RO of these waters. In the systems and processes, RO processes are enhanced by lowering the osmotic potential of the water being processed, by converting the bicarbonate ions to sulfate ions.

Abstract: Ultra-low energy membrane-based dewatering systems and methods are provided herein. Dewatering systems of the invention employ both micro-filtration and forward osmosis, and optionally employ settling, to concentrate biomass at a low concentration, such as about 0.5 g/L, to a concentration of about 50 g/L or more.