Abstract: A method of shoreline rehabilitation and carbon sequestration includes forming a plurality of apparatus designed to induce the formation of vertical oyster reefs wherein each apparatus includes a plurality of individual mesh bags and coupling each individual mesh bag to an adjacent mesh bag and filling each individual mesh bag with cultch material; installing at least one segment of contiguous vertical oyster inducing elements, wherein each segment is formed of contiguous line of the plurality of apparatus, wherein at least one apparatus includes acute angled wave breaking apexes positioned to face wave energy configured for reducing locally generated wave energy impinging on relatively sheltered shorelines; and adding submerged aquatic vegetation in an area having reduced locally generated wave energy impinging therein based upon the at least one segment of contiguous vertical oyster inducing elements.

Abstract: A shoreline restoration method utilizes a plurality of apparatuses facilitating the formation of a vertical oyster reef. Each apparatus includes a rod frame and a plurality of individual mesh bags are positioned between an inner and an outer frame. The inner and outer frames include top and bottom frame portions and a plurality of side support frame members extending there between. Each individual mesh bag is aligned with at least one outer side support frame member and at least one inner side support frame member and wherein each individual mesh bag is coupled to an adjacent mesh bag. A plurality of cross ties extends between the inner frame and the outer frame and cultch material fills each individual mesh. The shoreline restoration method promotes shell accumulation and expands the tidal zone.

Abstract: A concrete wave attenuating apparatus facilitating the formation of a vertical oyster reef includes: A) A concrete wave attenuating frame having i) a concrete frame top and a concrete frame bottom defining a periphery of the frame, each having corners and sides extending between the corners, ii) concrete corner posts extending generally vertically between generally aligned corners of the concrete frame top and the concrete fame bottom, iii) concrete sides between the concrete corner posts extending generally vertically between the generally aligned sides of the of the concrete frame top and the concrete fame bottom, a plurality of passages extending through the concrete sides; B) A space defined within the concrete wave attenuating frame, wherein the plurality of passages extend to the space; and C) optionally Cultch material within the space.

Abstract: A shoreline restoration method utilizes a plurality of apparatuses facilitating the formation of a vertical oyster reef. Each apparatus includes a rod frame and a plurality of individual mesh bags are positioned between an inner and an outer frame. The inner and outer frames include top and bottom frame portions and a plurality of side support frame members extending there between. Each individual mesh bag is aligned with at least one outer side support frame member and at least one inner side support frame member and wherein each individual mesh bag is coupled to an adjacent mesh bag. A plurality of cross ties extends between the inner frame and the outer frame and cultch material fills each individual mesh. The shoreline restoration method promotes shell accumulation and expands the tidal zone.

Abstract: A method for forming an oyster reef, includes setting seed oysters on cultch material, placing the cultch material containing the seed oysters in water permeable panels to form a vertical permeable wall of cultch material through which water may flow, and placing the panels in water having favorable conditions for oyster growth. The apparatus includes water permeable panels for holding cultch material in a vertical permeable wall to expose the entire column or wall of cultch to water having favorable conditions for oyster growth, and blocks formed from the panels.