Abstract: Methods for assessing a risk of experiencing an adverse perinatal outcome in a subject are described. The methods include determining a level of at least one cytokine in a biological sample from the subject; and comparing the level of the at least one cytokine in the subject's biological sample with a predetermined value based on levels of the at least one cytokine in a biological sample from a population of control subjects, wherein a subject whose level of at least one cytokine is greater than the predetermined line value is at risk of experiencing an adverse perinatal outcome.