Abstract: Disclosed is a polishing slurry which enables to suppress damages to an under layer while securing an adequate polishing rate. The polishing slurry contains a resin (A) having an amide group and an organic resin (B).

Abstract: Disclosed is a polishing composition containing not less than 1 wt % of a water-soluble resin, which is obtained by polymerizing a vinyl monomer containing an amino group and/or an amide group, based on the total weight of the polishing composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polishing composition containing not less than 1 wt % of a water-soluble resin, which is obtained by polymerizing a vinyl monomer containing an amino group and/or an amide group, based on the total weight of the polishing composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polishing slurry which enables to suppress damages to an under layer while securing an adequate polishing rate. The polishing slurry contains a resin (A) having an amide group and an organic resin (B).

Abstract: The invention provides a crosslinkable aromatic resin having a protonic acid group and a crosslinkable group, suitable for electrolytic membranes and binders used in fuel cells, etc., and electrolytic polymer membranes, binders and fuel cells using the resin. The crosslinkable aromatic resin has a crosslinkable group, which is not derived from the protonic acid group and can form a polymer network without any elimination component. This resin exhibits excellent ion conductivity, heat resistance, water resistance, adhesion property and low methanol permeability. Preferably, the crosslinkable group is composed of a C1 to C10 alkyl group directly bonded to the aromatic ring and/or an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the main chain in which at least one carbon atom directly bonded to the aromatic ring bonds to hydrogen, and a carbonyl group, or a carbon-carbon double bond or triple bond.

Abstract: The invention provides a crosslinkable aromatic resin having a protonic acid group and a crosslinkable group, suitable for electrolytic membranes and binders used in fuel cells, etc., and electrolytic polymer membranes, binders and fuel cells using the resin. The crosslinkable aromatic resin has a crosslinkable group, which is not derived from the protonic acid group and can form a polymer network without any elimination component. This resin exhibits excellent ion conductivity, heat resistance, water resistance, adhesion property and low methanol permeability. Preferably, the crosslinkable group is composed of a C1 to C10 alkyl group directly bonded to the aromatic ring and/or an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the main chain in which at least one carbon atom directly bonded to the aromatic ring bonds to hydrogen, and a carbonyl group, or a carbon-carbon double bond or triple bond.

Abstract: There are provided an optical disk substrate formatted according to the zone formatted system, method for initialization thereof, and driving apparatus for initialization of the optical disk. The optical disk substrate is initialized while at least one track in the vicinity of the inner peripheral side and/or the outer peripheral side in the radial direction of the boundary between an optional zone and another zone situated on the outer peripheral side is left unused as a recording area. By virtue of this construction, at least one of the tracks having a high possibility of bringing about the pit shift or double transfer is left unused as a recording area. Accordingly, the information stored in a recording area can be read out without being influenced by the occurrence of the pit shift or double transfer, and thus it is possible to get rid of the occurrence of a burst error caused by such pit shift or double transfer.

Abstract: In a cylinder grinding machine including grinder supporting table which rotatably supports a grinder for grinding a cylindrical workpiece, a mechanism for feeding the grinder supporting table toward the cylindrical workpiece and a device for relatively moving the workpiece and the grinder in their axial directions, there is provided a computer control apparatus. The control apparatus is constituted by a workpiece diameter measuring device, a central processing unit for calculating the diameter of the workpiece at respective positions along the axis of the workpiece and control means for controlling the amount of feed of the grinder supporting table such that diameter errors would be lesser than a permissible value.

Abstract: In an apparatus for correcting deflection produced in a construction due to the weight of the construction or movement of a movable member supported by the construction, a condition data representing the deflection associated with the moved position of the movable member is stored in a memory section of a correction controller. The movement of the movable member is detected by a position detector and a position signal is generated from the position detector. A command signal is supplied to a calculator and the position signal is received in the calculator synchronized with the command signal. The condition data is accessed by the calculator with the received position signal and is processed into a correction data. A correction data is supplied to a proportional control electromagnetic valve and a hydraulic cylinder for applying a force onto the construction is regulated by the valve to correct the deflection of the construction.

Abstract: A vertical milling and turning machine generally comprises a spindle assembly connected to a drive motor. The spindle assembly comprises a hollow ram provided with a tapered opening at the front end thereof for attaching a turning tool and a hollow spindle provided with a tapered opening coaxial with the former opening at the front end of the spindle and the tapered opening of the spindle has a diameter smaller than that of the later opening. An air supply passage is formed in the ram so as to have an end opening opened towards the tapered opening of the ram and a detecting switch for detecting a pressure in the passage is connected to the air supply passage.