Abstract: A development roller, including a development sleeve disposed near a photo conductive drum, a magnetic roller disposed in the development sleeve, and a supplying device configured to supply a developer including a toner and a magnetic carrier to the photo conductive drum uniformly, the development sleeve having an outer surface on which the developer including the toner and the magnetic carrier is adsorbed by a magnetic force of the magnetic roller.

Abstract: A development roller, including a development sleeve disposed near a photo conductive drum, a magnetic roller disposed in the development sleeve, and a supplying device configured to supply a developer including a toner and a magnetic carrier to the photo conductive drum uniformly, the development sleeve having an outer surface on which the developer including the toner and the magnetic carrier is adsorbed by a magnetic force of the magnetic roller.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a hollow body having an external surface randomly provided with a large number of depressions is provided. The method includes providing the large number of depressions on the external surface of the hollow body. A profile curve of the external surface in a circumferential direction is obtained while rotating the hollow body. A frequency analysis is performed on the obtained profile curve. A quality of the hollow body is judged by comparing a result of the frequency analysis with a predetermined judgment standard.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a hollow body having an external surface randomly provided with a large number of depressions is provided. The method includes providing the large number of depressions on the external surface of the hollow body. A profile curve of the external surface in a circumferential direction is obtained while rotating the hollow body. A frequency analysis is performed on the obtained profile curve. A quality of the hollow body is judged by comparing a result of the frequency analysis with a predetermined judgment standard.

Abstract: A developer holding member includes a magnetic field generating device and a hollow body including the magnetic field generating device thereinside, and attracting a developer to an external surface thereof with magnetic force of the magnetic field generating device. The external surface of the hollow body is randomly provided with a large number of depressions, and a peak intensity of a spectrum within a range of wavelengths not more than 1 mm, which is figured out by performing a frequency analysis using a profile curve in a circumferential direction of the external surface, is not more than 12.

Abstract: A developer holding member includes a magnetic field generating device and a hollow body including the magnetic field generating device thereinside, and attracting a developer to an external surface thereof with magnetic force of the magnetic field generating device. The external surface of the hollow body is randomly provided with a large number of depressions, and a peak intensity of a spectrum within a range of wavelengths not more than 1 mm, which is figured out by performing a frequency analysis using a profile curve in a circumferential direction of the external surface, is not more than 12.

Abstract: A development roller, including a development sleeve disposed near a photo conductive drum, a magnetic roller disposed in the development sleeve, and a supplying device configured to supply a developer including a toner and a magnetic carrier to the photo conducive drum uniformly, the development sleeve having an outer surface on which the developer including the toner and the magnetic carrier is adsorbed by a magnetic force of the magnetic roller.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrification apparatus and an image forming apparatus which reduce ozone generation, provide uniform electrification of a photosensitive body, and have high durability. This electrification apparatus comprises: a first magnet means composed of a magnetized base body obtained by magnetizing a base body of the photosensitive body drum or a magnet configured inside of the base body of the photosensitive body drum; a second magnet means magnetically levitated outside of the photosensitive body drum by the first magnet means; and a discharge electrode firmly attached to a face of the second magnet means opposed to the photosensitive body surface, the discharge electrode having a predetermined distance to the photosensitive body surface.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrification apparatus and an image forming apparatus which reduce ozone generation, provide uniform electrification of a photosensitive body, and have high durability. This electrification apparatus comprises: a first magnet means composed of a magnetized base body obtained by magnetizing a base body of the photosensitive body drum or a magnet configured inside of the base body of the photosensitive body drum; a second magnet means magnetically levitated outside of the photosensitive body drum by the first magnet means; and a discharge electrode firmly attached to a face of the second magnet means opposed to the photosensitive body surface, the discharge electrode having a predetermined distance to the photosensitive body surface.

Abstract: In a fixing device for an image forming apparatus, a heat roller includes a hollow cylindrical base, a heating layer formed of strip-like fibers implementing desired power consumption, and a parting layer provided on the outer periphery of the heating layer with the intermediary of an electrical insulating layer. The strip-like fibers of the heating layer are wound on the base and provided with a preselected resistance.

Abstract: In a fixing device for an image forming apparatus, a heat roller includes a hollow cylindrical base, a heating layer formed of strip-like fibers implementing desired power consumption, and a parting layer provided on the outer periphery of the heating layer with the intermediary of an electrical insulating layer. The strip-like fibers of the heating layer are wound on the base and provided with a preselected resistance.

Abstract: A cold working lubricant for metallic conduits in the form of a liquid wherein butyl acrylate ester-methyl methacrylate ester copolymer of 10-40 in resin acid value and -10.degree. to 20.degree. C. in glass transition temperature is emulsified and dispersed; an emulsified product of the straight chain saturated fatty acid or its ester with a melting point of 30.degree.-70.degree. C. can be further added thereto.

Abstract: A method of producing a stepped tube, the method including the steps of preparing a straight mother tube with a stepped wall portion of a smaller inside diameter on the inner periphery thereof at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction of the tube between opposite straight portions of a larger inside diameter; inserting the mother tube in a clearance a split die having a die cavity between bearing portions provided at opposite ends thereof and separable into first and second halves in the longitudinal direction at a median point of the die cavity and a plug member extensible through the die cavity; gripping a mouth portion of the mother tube by a carriage while positioning the plug member at one of the die bearing portions on the side of the carriage; moving the carriage in the longitudinal direction of the tube until the stepped wall portion on the inner periphery of the mother tube aligns with the die cavity, thereby expanding and stretching one of the straight portions; next moving the plug

Abstract: A process and an apparatus within which there is provided at least one, or a plurality of tanks in series relation, depending upon the type of member being treated, each tank having one or more openings within its walls, respectively, which are provided in alignment with each other. With this apparatus, one or more metal members such as for example, a bar, rod, pipe, or tube, is rotatably fed through the aforenoted openings into the tank or tanks, thereby enabling a continuous automatic-etching process of the outer surface of the metal members to be performed. As an alternative, there is provided within each tank, a triple walled cylindrical body or solution flow guide, whereby a solution for etching may uniformly flow in the direction of the metal member being conducted through the tank or tanks, and along the outer surface thereof, so that a desired surface condition of the bar, rod, pipe or tube may be obtained in an efficient manner.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for etching the inner surface of a pipe or tubular member includes a primary pipe adapted to be connected with a pipe or pipes whose inner surfaces are to be treated, and treating-solution supply pipes communicating, by means of electromagnetic valves, with the aforenoted primary pipe, whereby one path for a specific solution to be fed through one of the treating-solution supply pipes by means of the primary pipe into the pipe to be treated is automatically switched to another path by means of the aforenoted electromagnetic valves, without causing mixing of one solution with another. This apparatus and process therefore provides improved operational efficiency as well as a uniform surface condition and achieves accurate dimensioning for the inner surface of the pipe to be treated.

Abstract: A crystallized glass article formed of discrete small bodies of crystallizable glass fusion-bonded together at their interfaces is characterized in that a first layer extending from the article surface to a predetermined depth is non-porous, a predetermined thickness of second layer connected to and beneath the first layer being porous. Each of the small bodies in the first layer has needle-like .beta.-wollastonite crystals extending from the surface of the body to the interior thereof in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the body. Accordingly the article is characterized by a surface pattern defined by small bodies due to the differences of orientation of needle-like .beta.-wollastonite crystals and by a reduced specific gravity.

Abstract: A crystallized glass article having a surface pattern like granite, marble or other natural stones, which is formed of a crystallizable glass material and is characterized by the existence of numerous needle-like .beta.-wollastonite crystals in various directions in a surface layer of the article. The crystallized glass article is produced by a heat-treatment of collected small crystallizable glass masses.