Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first layer including a plurality of wirings arranged in line and space layout and a second layer including a pad electrically connected to at least one of the wirings, wherein the wirings and the pads are patterned by different lithographic processes.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first layer including a plurality of wirings arranged in line and space layout and a second layer including a pad electrically connected to at least one of the wirings, wherein the wirings and the pads are patterned by different lithographic processes.

Abstract: A friction plate for a wet-type multiplate clutch provided with a core plate and friction linings fixed on opposite sides of the core plate, respectively. Each of the friction linings is formed such that at a section thereof located on a side radially inner than a radial center line thereof, the friction lining has a thickness that gradually increases from an inner circumferential portion of the section toward an outer circumferential portion of the section.

Abstract: In a lockup clutch assembly for use in a torque converter, a friction lining attached to one of a clutch piston and a front cover of the torque converter is divided into an outer-circumference-side friction lining and an inner-circumference-side friction lining. The outer-circumference-side friction lining contains as a filler diatomaceous earth in a higher proportion than the inner-circumference-side friction lining.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wet multi-plate clutch of mechanical coupling type in which friction engaging elements and mechanical coupling elements are operated by a single piston and wherein the friction engaging elements are operated by an urging force of the single piston smaller than a predetermined load, and the friction engaging elements and mechanical coupling elements are operated by an urging force of the single piston greater than the predetermined load.

Abstract: A pressure buffer of an ink-jet recording apparatus is placed in the vicinity of an ink-jet recording head in an ink supply path connecting an ink container to the ink-jet recording head. A body of the pressure buffer has a concave portion at least on one surface, and a flexible film is attached to tightly close the concave portion to form a chamber. The chamber has an ink flow outlet through which ink flows from the chamber to the ink-jet recording head and an ink flow inlet through which ink flows from the ink container to the chamber. The ink flow outlet is always positioned in an uppermost portion in a vertical direction of the chamber, and the ink flow inlet is positioned at an equal level or on a lower side in a vertical direction with respect to the ink flow outlet.

Abstract: In a torque converter equipped with a lock-up clutch device, a friction member is put on either one of a front cover and a lock-up piston which are to be brought into contact. On the front cover, coupling members are welded for coupling with an engine. Owing to welding distortion, convex portions are generated on a friction face. Thus, when the friction member is put on either side of the front cover and clutch piston, if relative rotation slippage occurs therebetween, a positive pressure and a negative pressure are produced in front of and behind each convex portion, which leads to the stick/slip. This invention gives grooves 71 each exceeding the range of a welding portion 61 of the coupling member 6 which are formed on the friction face of the friction member 7, which realizes balancing in a change in pressure.

Abstract: In a wet type friction plate having a groove through which lubricating oil passes, the groove is subjected to oil repelling treatment.

Abstract: In a lockup clutch assembly for use in a torque converter, a friction lining attached to one of a clutch piston and a front cover of the torque converter is divided into an outer-circumference-side friction lining and an inner-circumference-side friction lining. The outer-circumference-side friction lining contains as a filler diatomaceous earth in a higher proportion than the inner-circumference-side friction lining.

Abstract: A friction plate for a wet-type multiplate clutch provided with a core plate and friction linings fixed on opposite sides of the core plate, respectively. Each of the friction linings is formed such that at a section thereof located on a side radially inner than a radial center line thereof, the friction lining has a thickness that gradually increases from an inner circumferential portion of the section toward an outer circumferential portion of the section.

Abstract: A wet type friction plate comprises symmetrical segments cut out of a frictional member, and pasted on the metallic core plate so as to form a groove which is gradually narrower from the inner diameter side to the outer diameter side. A method of producing the wet type friction plate, comprising the steps of cutting symmetrical segments out of a frictional member, and pasting the cut-out symmetrical segments on a metallic core plate so as to form a groove which is gradually narrower from the inner diameter side to the outer diameter side.

Abstract: A starting clutch includes a planetary mechanism; a first clutch for outputting a torque to an outer diameter portion of the planetary mechanism; a second clutch for outputting the torque to an intermediate portion of the planetary mechanism; and a lock mechanism for locking a reactive force from an inner diameter portion of the planetary mechanism.

Abstract: A pressure buffer of an ink-jet recording apparatus is placed in the vicinity of an ink-jet recording head in an ink supply path connecting an ink container to the ink-jet recording head. A body of the pressure buffer has a concave portion at least on one surface, and a flexible film is attached to tightly close the concave portion to form a chamber. The chamber has an ink flow outlet through which ink flows from the chamber to the ink-jet recording head and an ink flow inlet through which ink flows from the ink container to the chamber. The ink flow outlet is always positioned in an uppermost portion in a vertical direction of the chamber, and the ink flow inlet is positioned at an equal level or on a lower side in a vertical direction with respect to the ink flow outlet.

Abstract: The present invention provides a starting clutch in which an input side element and an output side element are joined together by applying an axial load thereby to transmit a power, which clutch comprises an urging device for always providing the axial load, and a releasing device for releasing the input side element and the output side element from the axial load.

Abstract: An ink jet head has a first cover member having an ink chamber for storing ink. A piezoelectric body is connected to the first cover member and has channels disposed in communication with the ink chamber of the cover member for receiving ink. A plate member has a first surface connected to the first cover member and the piezoelectric body, a second surface disposed opposite the first surface, an outer peripheral edge, and openings extending through the first and second surfaces and disposed in communication with a respective one of the channels of the piezoelectric body. A second cover member has a first surface, a second surface disposed opposite the first surface, and an opening extending from the first surface to the second surface. The plate member is disposed in the opening so that the second cover member surrounds at least a portion of the outer peripheral edge of the plate member.

Abstract: A starting clutch includes a planetary mechanism; a first clutch for outputting a torque to an outer diameter portion of the planetary mechanism; a second clutch for outputting the torque to an intermediate portion of the planetary mechanism; and a lock mechanism for locking a reactive force from an inner diameter portion of the planetary mechanism.

Abstract: The present invention provides a starting clutch in which an input side element and an output side element are joined together by applying an axial load thereby to transmit a power, which clutch comprises urging means for always providing the axial load, and releasing means for releasing the input side element and the output side element from the axial load.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing friction plates obtained by adhering friction members to substantially annular core plates, comprising the steps of simultaneously stamping a plurality of coaxial core plates having different diameters with a joint portion remaining therebetween, preliminarily adhering friction member segments to the stamped plural core plates, and stamping the joint portion during or after a main adhering step following the preliminarily adhering step.

Abstract: An end-bearing equipped one-way clutch includes an outer and inner rotary members, torque-transmitting members arranged between the first and second rotary members, retainers maintaining the torque-transmitting members with equal angular intervals and having radially-extending annular flanges at one axial end portions thereof, and end bearings arranged respectively along both axial ends of the retainers maintaining the first and second rotary members in a concentric relation. One of the end bearings, which is arranged on the side opposite to the flanges, is composed of a first cylindrical portion fit in the outer rotary member, a second cylindrical portion fit on the inner rotary member and a toroidal plate portion connecting the first and second cylindrical portions to each other.