Abstract: A gain flattening filter includes a first optical fiber that has a core, a first cladding, and a second cladding and that has a uniform composition in a length direction; and a pair of second optical fibers fused to both ends of the first optical fiber. The first optical fiber has a first section in which a slanted refractive index grating is formed and a pair of second sections connecting both ends of the first section to the pair of second optical fibers. The first cladding contains a photosensitive material whose refractive index increases upon irradiation with light having a specific wavelength. In the core, a tensile stress remains in the first section. An average MFD of the second sections is larger than an average MFD of the second optical fibers and smaller than an average MFD of the first section.

Abstract: A method of designing an anti-allergic agent, sleep controlling agent, anti-obesity agent and remedy for brain injury acting via the inhibition of biosynthesis of prostaglandin D2. Crystal of a complex of human origin hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase, glutathione, and a substrate analog or an inhibitor, etc are prepared and the three-dimensional structural coordinate of each atom in the complex is determined by X-ray crystal analysis.

Abstract: A method of designing an anti-allergic agent, sleep controlling agent, anti-obestic agent and remedy for brain injury acting via the inhibition of biosynthesis of prostaglandin D2. Crystal of a complex of human origin hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase, glutathione, and a substrate analog or an inhibitor, etc are prepared and the three-dimensional structural coordinate of each atom in the complex is determined by X-ray crystal analysis.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a method of designing an antiallergic agent, a sleep controlling agent, an antiobestic and a remedy for brain injury acting via the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandin D2. Crystals of a complex of human-origin hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase, glutathione and a substrate analog or an inhibitor, etc. are prepared and the three-dimensional structural coordinate of each atom in the complex is determined by X-ray crystal analysis.