Abstract: An optical body including: a first optical layer which has a surface having a convex profile in which a plurality of one-directionally extending elongated convex portions are one-dimensionally aligned in one direction; an inorganic layer disposed on the surface of the first optical layer on a side having the convex profile and a second optical layer disposed on a side of the inorganic layer so that the convex profile is embedded; wherein the convex profile meets at least one of the following (1) to (4): (1) a height varies in an extending direction in each of the elongated convex portions, (2) a ridge portion meanders in a direction perpendicular to both the extending direction and a height direction of the convex portion in each of the elongated convex portions, (3) heights of the elongated convex portions adjacent to each other are different from each other, and (4) a triangular prism-shaped convex portion and an elongated convex portion having a curved surface are adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A transparent laminate including a transparent substrate and structure layer, wherein the structure layer contains protrusion portions, depression portions, or both on a surface thereof, and an average distance between the adjacent protrusion portions or between the adjacent depression portions is equal to or less than a visible light wavelength, the structure layer includes a polymerized product of an active energy ray curable resin composition, the resin composition includes a composition of a (meth)acryloyl group-containing polymerizable compound, the compound composition includes one or more from each of (A), (B), and (C): (A) a monofunctional (meth)acryloyl group-containing polymerizable compound; (B) alkylene glycol di(meth)acrylate; and (C) trifunctional or higher (meth)acrylate, the (A) satisfies certain conditions specifying a type and amount of a compound, and a ratio (E?150/E?50) of storage elastic modulus E?150 of the structure layer at 150° C. to storage elastic modulus E?50 thereof at 50° C.

Abstract: An optical body including: a first optical layer which has a surface having a convex profile in which a plurality of one-directionally extending elongated convex portions are one-dimensionally aligned in one direction; an inorganic layer disposed on the surface of the first optical layer on a side having the convex profile and a second optical layer disposed on a side of the inorganic layer so that the convex profile is embedded; wherein the convex profile meets at least one of the following (1) to (4): (1) a height varies in an extending direction in each of the elongated convex portions, (2) a ridge portion meanders in a direction perpendicular to both the extending direction and a height direction of the convex portion in each of the elongated convex portions, (3) heights of the elongated convex portions adjacent to each other are different from each other, and (4) a triangular prism-shaped convex portion and an elongated convex portion having a curved surface are adjacent to each other.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to prevent an increase in reflectance and a decrease in transmittance, retain the intact instantaneousness and ease of stripping, improve the releasability of the adhesive, avoid the generation of distortion due to the thickness of the adhesive, and ensure the visibility, by laminating filmy members (10) each equipped with a moth-eye structure (12). This transparent laminate (1) comprises a plurality of filmy members (10) which each comprise a base (11) and, disposed on at least one surface thereof, a structure (12) made up of recesses and protrusions which have been regularly arranged at a pitch not longer than the wavelengths of visible light. At least the ends of the filmy members (10) have been superposed, with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (2) interposed therebetween. In the superposed filmy members (10), there is a space (14) between the opposed structures (12).

Abstract: A transparent laminate including a transparent substrate and structure layer, wherein the structure layer contains protrusion portions, depression portions, or both on a surface thereof, and an average distance between the adjacent protrusion portions or between the adjacent depression portions is equal to or less than a visible light wavelength, the structure layer includes a polymerized product of an active energy ray curable resin composition, the resin composition includes a composition of a (meth)acryloyl group-containing polymerizable compound, the compound composition includes one or more from each of (A), (B), and (C): (A) a monofunctional (meth)acryloyl group-containing polymerizable compound; (B) alkylene glycol di(meth)acrylate; and (C) trifunctional or higher (meth)acrylate, the (A) satisfies certain conditions specifying a type and amount of a compound, and a ratio (E?150/E?50) of storage elastic modulus E?150 of the structure layer at 150° C. to storage elastic modulus E?50 thereof at 50° C.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to prevent an increase in reflectance and a decrease in transmittance, retain the intact instantaneousness and ease of stripping, improve the releasability of the adhesive, avoid the generation of distortion due to the thickness of the adhesive, and ensure the visibility, by laminating filmy members (10) each equipped with a moth-eye structure (12). This transparent laminate (1) comprises a plurality of filmy members (10) which each comprise a base (11) and, disposed on at least one surface thereof, a structure (12) made up of recesses and protrusions which have been regularly arranged at a pitch not longer than the wavelengths of visible light. At least the ends of the filmy members (10) have been superposed, with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (2) interposed therebetween. In the superposed filmy members (10), there is a space (14) between the opposed structures (12).

Abstract: A giant magneto-resistive effect element includes a laminated layer film having a ferromagnetic film, a non-magnetic film and an anti-ferromagnetic film. A current is caused to flow in the direction perpendicular to the film plane of the laminated layer film by upper and lower electrodes. Hard magnetic films are directly connected to both sides in the width direction of the laminated layer film. Insulating films are formed above or under the hard magnetic films. A current path between the upper electrodes or the lower electrodes and the laminated layer film is restricted by an opening defined between the insulating layers at both sides. The hard magnetic films have a specific resistance substantially the same as or larger than that of the laminated layer film. Further, there are provided a magneto-resistive effect type head, a thin-film magnetic memory and a thin-film magnetic sensor including the above-mentioned giant magneto-resistive effect element.

Abstract: To present a manufacturing method of a magneto-resistive effect type head capable of manufacturing a magneto-resistive effect type head with stabilized head characteristics. A magneto-resistive effect type head is manufactured in a method comprising a step of forming a magneto-resistive effect film (30) in a trapezoidal shape (30A) having a specified abutting angle &thgr;1 by means of ion milling through a resist mask of overhang structure, a step of forming bias magnet films (31) for filling in sides of the magneto-resistive effect film (30), and a step of forming an electrode film (33) to overlap partly with the magneto-resistive effect film (30) through the resist mask. The angle of the ion milling is 5° or less to the normal of the substrate surface. The angle of ion beam sputtering when forming the electrode film (33) is 30° or less to the normal of the substrate surface.

Abstract: A giant magneto-resistive effect element includes a laminated layer film comprising a ferromagnetic film, a non-magnetic film and an anti-ferromagnetic film, a current is caused to flow in the direction perpendicular to the film plane of the laminated layer film by upper electrodes and lower electrodes, hard magnetic films are directly connected to both sides in the width direction of the laminated layer film insulating films are formed above or under the hard magnetic films, a current path between the upper electrodes or the lower electrodes and the laminated layer film is restricted by an opening defined between the insulating layers at both sides, and the hard magnetic films has a specific resistance substantially the same as or larger than that of the laminated layer film. Further, there are constructed a magneto-resistive effect type head, a thin-film magnetic memory and a thin-film magnetic sensor including the above-mentioned giant magneto-resistive effect element.

Abstract: To present a manufacturing method of a magneto-resistive effect type head capable of manufacturing a magneto-resistive effect type head with stabilized head characteristics. A magneto-resistive effect type head is manufactured in a method comprising a step of forming a magneto-resistive effect film (30) in a trapezoidal shape (30A) having a specified abutting angle &thgr;1 by means of ion milling through a resist mask of overhang structure, a step of forming bias magnet films (31) for filling in sides of the magneto-resistive effect film (30), and a step of forming an electrode film (33) to overlap partly with the magneto-resistive effect film (30) through the resist mask. The angle of the ion milling is 5° or less to the normal of the substrate surface. The angle of ion beam sputtering when forming the electrode film (33) is 30° or less to the normal of the substrate surface.